Silver-Protein Nanocomposites as Antimicrobial Agents

The use of nanomaterials alone or in composites with proteins is a promising alternative to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. In this regard, this study used seed proteins from both fenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> L.) (FNP) and mung bean (<i>Viga radiate</i>) (MNP), wi...

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Autores principales:	Mahmoud Sitohy, Abdul-Raouf Al-Mohammadi, Ali Osman, Seham Abdel-Shafi, Nashwa El-Gazzar, Sara Hamdi, Sameh H. Ismail, Gamal Enan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	mung bean fenugreek seed proteins silver nanoparticles nanocomposite antibacterial activity Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4af2c5aa75ee489780ce7f3f4a3a8639
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4af2c5aa75ee489780ce7f3f4a3a86392021-11-25T18:31:40ZSilver-Protein Nanocomposites as Antimicrobial Agents10.3390/nano111130062079-4991https://doaj.org/article/4af2c5aa75ee489780ce7f3f4a3a86392021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/3006https://doaj.org/toc/2079-4991The use of nanomaterials alone or in composites with proteins is a promising alternative to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. In this regard, this study used seed proteins from both fenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> L.) (FNP) and mung bean (<i>Viga radiate</i>) (MNP), with silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and nanocomposites of either Ag-NPs plus FNP (Ag-FNP) or Ag-NPs plus MNP (Ag-MNP) as inhibitory agents against pathogenic bacteria. FNP and MNP were isolated from fenugreek seeds and mung bean seeds, respectively, and fractionated using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate–Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE). Both FNP and MNP were immobilized with Ag-NPs to synthesize the nanocomposites Ag-FNP and Ag-MNP, respectively. The physicochemical characteristics of Ag-NPs and their composites with proteins were studied by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), the zeta potential, Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy (SEM and TEM, respectively), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller isotherm (BET), elucidating their structural parameters, size distribution, size charges, size surface morphology, particle shape, dimensional forms of particles, and specific surface area, respectively. The sole proteins, Ag-NPs, and their nanocomposites inhibited pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The inhibitory activities of both nanocomposites (Ag-FNP and Ag-MNP) were more than those obtained by either Ag-NPs or proteins (FNP, MNP). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of Ag-FNP were very low (20 and 10 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>) against <i>Salmonella</i><i>typhimurium</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i><i>aerugenosa</i>, respectively, but higher (162 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>) against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Listeria</i><i>monocytogenes</i>. MICs of Ag-MNP were also very low (20 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>) against <i>Staphylococcus</i><i>aureus</i> but higher (325 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>) against <i>Listeria</i><i>monocytogenes</i>. TEM images of <i>Staphylococcus</i><i>aureus</i> and <i>Salmonella</i><i>typhimurium</i>, treated with Ag-FNP and Ag-MNP, at their MIC values, showed asymmetric, wrinkled exterior surfaces, cell deformations, cell depressions, and diminished cell numbers.Mahmoud SitohyAbdul-Raouf Al-MohammadiAli OsmanSeham Abdel-ShafiNashwa El-GazzarSara HamdiSameh H. IsmailGamal EnanMDPI AGarticlemung beanfenugreekseed proteinssilver nanoparticlesnanocompositeantibacterial activityChemistryQD1-999ENNanomaterials, Vol 11, Iss 3006, p 3006 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	mung bean fenugreek seed proteins silver nanoparticles nanocomposite antibacterial activity Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	mung bean fenugreek seed proteins silver nanoparticles nanocomposite antibacterial activity Chemistry QD1-999 Mahmoud Sitohy Abdul-Raouf Al-Mohammadi Ali Osman Seham Abdel-Shafi Nashwa El-Gazzar Sara Hamdi Sameh H. Ismail Gamal Enan Silver-Protein Nanocomposites as Antimicrobial Agents
description	The use of nanomaterials alone or in composites with proteins is a promising alternative to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. In this regard, this study used seed proteins from both fenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> L.) (FNP) and mung bean (<i>Viga radiate</i>) (MNP), with silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) and nanocomposites of either Ag-NPs plus FNP (Ag-FNP) or Ag-NPs plus MNP (Ag-MNP) as inhibitory agents against pathogenic bacteria. FNP and MNP were isolated from fenugreek seeds and mung bean seeds, respectively, and fractionated using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate–Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE). Both FNP and MNP were immobilized with Ag-NPs to synthesize the nanocomposites Ag-FNP and Ag-MNP, respectively. The physicochemical characteristics of Ag-NPs and their composites with proteins were studied by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), the zeta potential, Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy (SEM and TEM, respectively), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller isotherm (BET), elucidating their structural parameters, size distribution, size charges, size surface morphology, particle shape, dimensional forms of particles, and specific surface area, respectively. The sole proteins, Ag-NPs, and their nanocomposites inhibited pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The inhibitory activities of both nanocomposites (Ag-FNP and Ag-MNP) were more than those obtained by either Ag-NPs or proteins (FNP, MNP). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of Ag-FNP were very low (20 and 10 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>) against <i>Salmonella</i><i>typhimurium</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i><i>aerugenosa</i>, respectively, but higher (162 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>) against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Listeria</i><i>monocytogenes</i>. MICs of Ag-MNP were also very low (20 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>) against <i>Staphylococcus</i><i>aureus</i> but higher (325 µg mL<sup>−1</sup>) against <i>Listeria</i><i>monocytogenes</i>. TEM images of <i>Staphylococcus</i><i>aureus</i> and <i>Salmonella</i><i>typhimurium</i>, treated with Ag-FNP and Ag-MNP, at their MIC values, showed asymmetric, wrinkled exterior surfaces, cell deformations, cell depressions, and diminished cell numbers.
format	article
author	Mahmoud Sitohy Abdul-Raouf Al-Mohammadi Ali Osman Seham Abdel-Shafi Nashwa El-Gazzar Sara Hamdi Sameh H. Ismail Gamal Enan
author_facet	Mahmoud Sitohy Abdul-Raouf Al-Mohammadi Ali Osman Seham Abdel-Shafi Nashwa El-Gazzar Sara Hamdi Sameh H. Ismail Gamal Enan
author_sort	Mahmoud Sitohy
title	Silver-Protein Nanocomposites as Antimicrobial Agents
title_short	Silver-Protein Nanocomposites as Antimicrobial Agents
title_full	Silver-Protein Nanocomposites as Antimicrobial Agents
title_fullStr	Silver-Protein Nanocomposites as Antimicrobial Agents
title_full_unstemmed	Silver-Protein Nanocomposites as Antimicrobial Agents
title_sort	silver-protein nanocomposites as antimicrobial agents
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4af2c5aa75ee489780ce7f3f4a3a8639
work_keys_str_mv	AT mahmoudsitohy silverproteinnanocompositesasantimicrobialagents AT abdulraoufalmohammadi silverproteinnanocompositesasantimicrobialagents AT aliosman silverproteinnanocompositesasantimicrobialagents AT sehamabdelshafi silverproteinnanocompositesasantimicrobialagents AT nashwaelgazzar silverproteinnanocompositesasantimicrobialagents AT sarahamdi silverproteinnanocompositesasantimicrobialagents AT samehhismail silverproteinnanocompositesasantimicrobialagents AT gamalenan silverproteinnanocompositesasantimicrobialagents
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Silver-Protein Nanocomposites as Antimicrobial Agents

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