Genome-Wide Comprehensive Analysis of the GASA Gene Family in Populus

Gibberellic acid-stimulated Arabidopsis (GASA) proteins, as cysteine-rich peptides (CRPs), play roles in development and reproduction and biotic and abiotic stresses. Although the GASA gene family has been identified in plants, the knowledge about GASAs in <i...

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Autores principales:	Shuo Han, Zhiyin Jiao, Meng-Xue Niu, Xiao Yu, Mengbo Huang, Chao Liu, Hou-Ling Wang, Yangyan Zhou, Wei Mao, Xiaofei Wang, Weilun Yin, Xinli Xia
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>GASA</i> genes bioinformatics <i>Populus</i> growth and development phytohormone Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4af9e5c844824960b40e678e2266713a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4af9e5c844824960b40e678e2266713a2021-11-25T17:55:30ZGenome-Wide Comprehensive Analysis of the <i>GASA</i> Gene Family in <i>Populus</i>10.3390/ijms2222123361422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/4af9e5c844824960b40e678e2266713a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/22/12336https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Gibberellic acid-stimulated <i>Arabidopsis</i> (GASA) proteins, as cysteine-rich peptides (CRPs), play roles in development and reproduction and biotic and abiotic stresses. Although the <i>GASA</i> gene family has been identified in plants, the knowledge about GASAs in <i>Populus euphratica</i>, the woody model plant for studying abiotic stress, remains limited. Here, we referenced the well-sequenced <i>Populus trichocarpa</i> genome, and identified the GASAs in the whole genome of <i>P. euphratica</i> and <i>P. trichocarpa</i>. 21 candidate genes in <i>P. trichocarpa</i> and 19 candidate genes in <i>P. euphratica</i> were identified and categorized into three subfamilies by phylogenetic analysis. Most GASAs with signal peptides were located extracellularly. The <i>GASA</i> genes in <i>Populus</i> have experienced multiple gene duplication events, especially in the subfamily A. The evolution of the subfamily A, with the largest number of members, can be attributed to whole-genome duplication (WGD) and tandem duplication (TD). Collinearity analysis showed that WGD genes played a leading role in the evolution of <i>GASA</i> genes subfamily B. The expression patterns of <i>P. trichocarpa</i> and <i>P. euphratica</i> were investigated using the PlantGenIE database and the real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), respectively. <i>GASA</i> genes in <i>P. trichocarpa</i> and <i>P. euphratica</i> were mainly expressed in young tissues and organs, and almost rarely expressed in mature leaves. <i>GASA</i> genes in <i>P. euphratica</i> leaves were also widely involved in hormone responses and drought stress responses. GUS activity assay showed that PeuGASA15 was widely present in various organs of the plant, especially in vascular bundles, and was induced by auxin and inhibited by mannitol dramatically. In summary, this present study provides a theoretical foundation for further research on the function of <i>GASA</i> genes in <i>P. euphratica</i>.Shuo HanZhiyin JiaoMeng-Xue NiuXiao YuMengbo HuangChao LiuHou-Ling WangYangyan ZhouWei MaoXiaofei WangWeilun YinXinli XiaMDPI AGarticle<i>GASA</i> genesbioinformatics<i>Populus</i>growth and developmentphytohormoneBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12336, p 12336 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>GASA</i> genes bioinformatics <i>Populus</i> growth and development phytohormone Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	<i>GASA</i> genes bioinformatics <i>Populus</i> growth and development phytohormone Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Shuo Han Zhiyin Jiao Meng-Xue Niu Xiao Yu Mengbo Huang Chao Liu Hou-Ling Wang Yangyan Zhou Wei Mao Xiaofei Wang Weilun Yin Xinli Xia Genome-Wide Comprehensive Analysis of the <i>GASA</i> Gene Family in <i>Populus</i>
description	Gibberellic acid-stimulated <i>Arabidopsis</i> (GASA) proteins, as cysteine-rich peptides (CRPs), play roles in development and reproduction and biotic and abiotic stresses. Although the <i>GASA</i> gene family has been identified in plants, the knowledge about GASAs in <i>Populus euphratica</i>, the woody model plant for studying abiotic stress, remains limited. Here, we referenced the well-sequenced <i>Populus trichocarpa</i> genome, and identified the GASAs in the whole genome of <i>P. euphratica</i> and <i>P. trichocarpa</i>. 21 candidate genes in <i>P. trichocarpa</i> and 19 candidate genes in <i>P. euphratica</i> were identified and categorized into three subfamilies by phylogenetic analysis. Most GASAs with signal peptides were located extracellularly. The <i>GASA</i> genes in <i>Populus</i> have experienced multiple gene duplication events, especially in the subfamily A. The evolution of the subfamily A, with the largest number of members, can be attributed to whole-genome duplication (WGD) and tandem duplication (TD). Collinearity analysis showed that WGD genes played a leading role in the evolution of <i>GASA</i> genes subfamily B. The expression patterns of <i>P. trichocarpa</i> and <i>P. euphratica</i> were investigated using the PlantGenIE database and the real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), respectively. <i>GASA</i> genes in <i>P. trichocarpa</i> and <i>P. euphratica</i> were mainly expressed in young tissues and organs, and almost rarely expressed in mature leaves. <i>GASA</i> genes in <i>P. euphratica</i> leaves were also widely involved in hormone responses and drought stress responses. GUS activity assay showed that PeuGASA15 was widely present in various organs of the plant, especially in vascular bundles, and was induced by auxin and inhibited by mannitol dramatically. In summary, this present study provides a theoretical foundation for further research on the function of <i>GASA</i> genes in <i>P. euphratica</i>.
format	article
author	Shuo Han Zhiyin Jiao Meng-Xue Niu Xiao Yu Mengbo Huang Chao Liu Hou-Ling Wang Yangyan Zhou Wei Mao Xiaofei Wang Weilun Yin Xinli Xia
author_facet	Shuo Han Zhiyin Jiao Meng-Xue Niu Xiao Yu Mengbo Huang Chao Liu Hou-Ling Wang Yangyan Zhou Wei Mao Xiaofei Wang Weilun Yin Xinli Xia
author_sort	Shuo Han
title	Genome-Wide Comprehensive Analysis of the <i>GASA</i> Gene Family in <i>Populus</i>
title_short	Genome-Wide Comprehensive Analysis of the <i>GASA</i> Gene Family in <i>Populus</i>
title_full	Genome-Wide Comprehensive Analysis of the <i>GASA</i> Gene Family in <i>Populus</i>
title_fullStr	Genome-Wide Comprehensive Analysis of the <i>GASA</i> Gene Family in <i>Populus</i>
title_full_unstemmed	Genome-Wide Comprehensive Analysis of the <i>GASA</i> Gene Family in <i>Populus</i>
title_sort	genome-wide comprehensive analysis of the <i>gasa</i> gene family in <i>populus</i>
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4af9e5c844824960b40e678e2266713a
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Genome-Wide Comprehensive Analysis of the <i>GASA</i> Gene Family in <i>Populus</i>

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