Side- and similarity-biases during confidence conformity.

Memory conformity may develop when people are confronted with distinct memories reported by others in social situations and knowingly/unknowingly adhere to these exogenous memories. Earlier research on memory conformity suggests that (1) subjects were more likely to conform to confederate with high...

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Autores principales:	Winny W Y Yue, Kiyofumi Miyoshi, Wendy W S Yue
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4b26900cf49f4862a422b78da6977324
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4b26900cf49f4862a422b78da69773242021-12-02T20:06:56ZSide- and similarity-biases during confidence conformity.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0253577https://doaj.org/article/4b26900cf49f4862a422b78da69773242021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253577https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Memory conformity may develop when people are confronted with distinct memories reported by others in social situations and knowingly/unknowingly adhere to these exogenous memories. Earlier research on memory conformity suggests that (1) subjects were more likely to conform to confederate with high confidence; (2) subjects with low confidence on their memory accuracy were more likely to conform, and; (3) this subjective confidence could be adjusted by social manipulations. Nonetheless, it remains unclear how the confidence levels of ours and others may interact and produce a combined effect on our degree of conformity. More importantly, is memory conformity, defined by a complete adoption of the opposite side, the result of a gradual accumulation of subtler changes at the confidence level, i.e., a buildup of confidence conformity? Here, we followed participant's confidence transformation quantitatively over three confederate sessions in a memory test. After studying a set of human motion videos, participants had to answer simultaneously whether a target or lure video had appeared before by indicating their side (i.e., Yes/No) and their associated confidence rating. Participants were allowed to adjust their responses as they were being shown randomly-generated confederates' answers and confidence values. Results show that participants indeed demonstrated confidence conformity. Interestingly, they tended to become committed to their side early on and gain confidence gradually over subsequent sessions. This polarizing behaviour may be explained by two kinds of preferences: (1) Participant's confidence enhancement towards same-sided confederates was greater in magnitude compared to the decrement towards an opposite-sided confederate; and (2) Participants had the most effective confidence boost when the same-sided confederates shared similar, but not considerably different, confidence level to theirs. In other words, humans exhibit side- and similarity-biases during confidence conformity.Winny W Y YueKiyofumi MiyoshiWendy W S YuePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 7, p e0253577 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Winny W Y Yue Kiyofumi Miyoshi Wendy W S Yue Side- and similarity-biases during confidence conformity.
description	Memory conformity may develop when people are confronted with distinct memories reported by others in social situations and knowingly/unknowingly adhere to these exogenous memories. Earlier research on memory conformity suggests that (1) subjects were more likely to conform to confederate with high confidence; (2) subjects with low confidence on their memory accuracy were more likely to conform, and; (3) this subjective confidence could be adjusted by social manipulations. Nonetheless, it remains unclear how the confidence levels of ours and others may interact and produce a combined effect on our degree of conformity. More importantly, is memory conformity, defined by a complete adoption of the opposite side, the result of a gradual accumulation of subtler changes at the confidence level, i.e., a buildup of confidence conformity? Here, we followed participant's confidence transformation quantitatively over three confederate sessions in a memory test. After studying a set of human motion videos, participants had to answer simultaneously whether a target or lure video had appeared before by indicating their side (i.e., Yes/No) and their associated confidence rating. Participants were allowed to adjust their responses as they were being shown randomly-generated confederates' answers and confidence values. Results show that participants indeed demonstrated confidence conformity. Interestingly, they tended to become committed to their side early on and gain confidence gradually over subsequent sessions. This polarizing behaviour may be explained by two kinds of preferences: (1) Participant's confidence enhancement towards same-sided confederates was greater in magnitude compared to the decrement towards an opposite-sided confederate; and (2) Participants had the most effective confidence boost when the same-sided confederates shared similar, but not considerably different, confidence level to theirs. In other words, humans exhibit side- and similarity-biases during confidence conformity.
format	article
author	Winny W Y Yue Kiyofumi Miyoshi Wendy W S Yue
author_facet	Winny W Y Yue Kiyofumi Miyoshi Wendy W S Yue
author_sort	Winny W Y Yue
title	Side- and similarity-biases during confidence conformity.
title_short	Side- and similarity-biases during confidence conformity.
title_full	Side- and similarity-biases during confidence conformity.
title_fullStr	Side- and similarity-biases during confidence conformity.
title_full_unstemmed	Side- and similarity-biases during confidence conformity.
title_sort	side- and similarity-biases during confidence conformity.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4b26900cf49f4862a422b78da6977324
work_keys_str_mv	AT winnywyyue sideandsimilaritybiasesduringconfidenceconformity AT kiyofumimiyoshi sideandsimilaritybiasesduringconfidenceconformity AT wendywsyue sideandsimilaritybiasesduringconfidenceconformity
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Side- and similarity-biases during confidence conformity.

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