The Discrete Institutional Changes of Nader Šāh and the Evaluation of the Economic Situation of Iran in the Afšārīd Era (Emphasizing the Constitutionalism Theory of Douglass North)

Regarding Nader Shah and his actions, historians have provided various and conflicting evaluations, yet the history of Nader Shah and his actions depict the picture of the temperaments and characteristics of the Iranian society inherited from from the Safavid period. There is no doubt that Nader Sha...

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Autores principales:	Esmaeil Ehsani, Ali Akbar Jafari, Morteza Nouraei
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	FA
Publicado:	Alzahra University 2021
Materias:	nader šāh afšāarid douglas north institutionalism economic performance History of Asia DS1-937 History and principles of religions BL660-2680
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4b28797568654a82b9bcc6538dfb5aaa
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4b28797568654a82b9bcc6538dfb5aaa2021-11-04T06:21:12ZThe Discrete Institutional Changes of Nader Šāh and the Evaluation of the Economic Situation of Iran in the Afšārīd Era (Emphasizing the Constitutionalism Theory of Douglass North)2008-885X2538-349310.22051/hii.2021.33530.2342https://doaj.org/article/4b28797568654a82b9bcc6538dfb5aaa2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://hii.alzahra.ac.ir/article_5751_1cd5135e499dab330f57eeefc15161c0.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2008-885Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/2538-3493Regarding Nader Shah and his actions, historians have provided various and conflicting evaluations, yet the history of Nader Shah and his actions depict the picture of the temperaments and characteristics of the Iranian society inherited from from the Safavid period. There is no doubt that Nader Shah, as one of the most powerful generals of the war, was able to restore the Safavid Empire by the force of the sword and in the light of his military genius. Although Nader Shah's inevitable wars to expel the aliens and ensure security resulted in casualties to manpower and economic expenses, he ambitiously continued his conquests after punishing and expelling the aggressors. The twenty-one-year wars lead by him (1139-1160) with the Afghans, Ottomans, Indians, Bukhara Khanates, Khwarezm, and the internal arrogance destroyed human capital, ruined the country's wealth as well as destroying the trade centers, agricultural lands, economic centers and causing the spread of poverty. In fact, instead of devoting himself to improving agricultural infrastructure, developing business centers and increasing economic revenues to cover the costs of his wars, Nader undertook discrete institutional reformations in the Safavid institutions that increased governmental dominance over economic resources. This descriptive-analytical method, using the theory of institutionalism by Douglas North, evaluates the changes that Nader Shah made in the institutions left from the Safavid era and shows how his institutional changes affected the economic performance of the Afshari period. On the other hand, it examines the consequences of Nader Shah's policies on the agricultural and commercial situation of the Afshari era and explains the conditions of the economic activists of this period.Esmaeil EhsaniAli Akbar JafariMorteza NouraeiAlzahra Universityarticlenader šāhafšāariddouglas northinstitutionalismeconomic performanceHistory of AsiaDS1-937History and principles of religionsBL660-2680FAتاریخ اسلام و ایران, Vol 31, Iss 51, Pp 11-37 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	FA
topic	nader šāh afšāarid douglas north institutionalism economic performance History of Asia DS1-937 History and principles of religions BL660-2680
spellingShingle	nader šāh afšāarid douglas north institutionalism economic performance History of Asia DS1-937 History and principles of religions BL660-2680 Esmaeil Ehsani Ali Akbar Jafari Morteza Nouraei The Discrete Institutional Changes of Nader Šāh and the Evaluation of the Economic Situation of Iran in the Afšārīd Era (Emphasizing the Constitutionalism Theory of Douglass North)
description	Regarding Nader Shah and his actions, historians have provided various and conflicting evaluations, yet the history of Nader Shah and his actions depict the picture of the temperaments and characteristics of the Iranian society inherited from from the Safavid period. There is no doubt that Nader Shah, as one of the most powerful generals of the war, was able to restore the Safavid Empire by the force of the sword and in the light of his military genius. Although Nader Shah's inevitable wars to expel the aliens and ensure security resulted in casualties to manpower and economic expenses, he ambitiously continued his conquests after punishing and expelling the aggressors. The twenty-one-year wars lead by him (1139-1160) with the Afghans, Ottomans, Indians, Bukhara Khanates, Khwarezm, and the internal arrogance destroyed human capital, ruined the country's wealth as well as destroying the trade centers, agricultural lands, economic centers and causing the spread of poverty. In fact, instead of devoting himself to improving agricultural infrastructure, developing business centers and increasing economic revenues to cover the costs of his wars, Nader undertook discrete institutional reformations in the Safavid institutions that increased governmental dominance over economic resources. This descriptive-analytical method, using the theory of institutionalism by Douglas North, evaluates the changes that Nader Shah made in the institutions left from the Safavid era and shows how his institutional changes affected the economic performance of the Afshari period. On the other hand, it examines the consequences of Nader Shah's policies on the agricultural and commercial situation of the Afshari era and explains the conditions of the economic activists of this period.
format	article
author	Esmaeil Ehsani Ali Akbar Jafari Morteza Nouraei
author_facet	Esmaeil Ehsani Ali Akbar Jafari Morteza Nouraei
author_sort	Esmaeil Ehsani
title	The Discrete Institutional Changes of Nader Šāh and the Evaluation of the Economic Situation of Iran in the Afšārīd Era (Emphasizing the Constitutionalism Theory of Douglass North)
title_short	The Discrete Institutional Changes of Nader Šāh and the Evaluation of the Economic Situation of Iran in the Afšārīd Era (Emphasizing the Constitutionalism Theory of Douglass North)
title_full	The Discrete Institutional Changes of Nader Šāh and the Evaluation of the Economic Situation of Iran in the Afšārīd Era (Emphasizing the Constitutionalism Theory of Douglass North)
title_fullStr	The Discrete Institutional Changes of Nader Šāh and the Evaluation of the Economic Situation of Iran in the Afšārīd Era (Emphasizing the Constitutionalism Theory of Douglass North)
title_full_unstemmed	The Discrete Institutional Changes of Nader Šāh and the Evaluation of the Economic Situation of Iran in the Afšārīd Era (Emphasizing the Constitutionalism Theory of Douglass North)
title_sort	discrete institutional changes of nader šāh and the evaluation of the economic situation of iran in the afšārīd era (emphasizing the constitutionalism theory of douglass north)
publisher	Alzahra University
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4b28797568654a82b9bcc6538dfb5aaa
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The Discrete Institutional Changes of Nader Šāh and the Evaluation of the Economic Situation of Iran in the Afšārīd Era (Emphasizing the Constitutionalism Theory of Douglass North)

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