Evaluation of different vagus nerve stimulation anatomical targets in the ear by vagus evoked potential responses

Abstract Background Electrical auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is an emerging therapy. Stimuli are transported to brainstem nuclei, whereby its multiple projections reach to many subcortical and cortical areas, thus allowing the neuromodulation of several systemic physiological processes....

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Autores principales:	Iñaki Garcia deGurtubay, Pedro Bermejo, Miguel Lopez, Iñaki Larraya, Julian Librero
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	auricular branch of vagus nerve (ABVN) evoked potential nucleus of solitary tract transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation vagus sensory evoked potential (VSEP) Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4b2b44a0e50646598c4846597332d240
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4b2b44a0e50646598c4846597332d2402021-11-25T06:06:36ZEvaluation of different vagus nerve stimulation anatomical targets in the ear by vagus evoked potential responses2162-327910.1002/brb3.2343https://doaj.org/article/4b2b44a0e50646598c4846597332d2402021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.2343https://doaj.org/toc/2162-3279Abstract Background Electrical auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is an emerging therapy. Stimuli are transported to brainstem nuclei, whereby its multiple projections reach to many subcortical and cortical areas, thus allowing the neuromodulation of several systemic physiological processes. We aim to define the best auricular target for taVNS through vagus somatosensory evoked potential (VSEP) elicited stimulating different auricular areas with different electrode sizes. Methods Twenty‐six subjects were enrolled. Three stimulation areas were studied: simultaneous cymba and cavum (CC), cymba (C) and earlobe (L); and two electrode sizes: extra‐large (X) and small (S). We studied the effect of five combinations (CCX, CCS, CS, LX and LS) on VSEP´s latency and amplitude, and sensory and pain threshold (Pt) using a lineal mixed model regression analysis. We used CS combination, used in a commercial device, as reference model. Results Valid VSEP were obtained for CCX, CCS and CS but not in LX and LS. Both CCS and CCX tests showed significant amplitude increases. The same effect was observed in CCX using CCS as reference. Significant increases in Pt were found for CCX and LX. The same effect was observed in CCX using LX as reference. Conclusion The results suggest that CC and C areas are active targets for taVNS but not for earlobe, as anatomical data support. Considering that amplitude reflects the synchronized electrical activity generated, we conclude the most effective topography is the simultaneous stimulation of cymba and concha. The use of X‐sized electrodes increases the amplitudes and makes the stimulation more comfortable.Iñaki Garcia deGurtubayPedro BermejoMiguel LopezIñaki LarrayaJulian LibreroWileyarticleauricular branch of vagus nerve (ABVN)evoked potentialnucleus of solitary tracttranscutaneous vagus nerve stimulationvagus sensory evoked potential (VSEP)Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENBrain and Behavior, Vol 11, Iss 11, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	auricular branch of vagus nerve (ABVN) evoked potential nucleus of solitary tract transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation vagus sensory evoked potential (VSEP) Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	auricular branch of vagus nerve (ABVN) evoked potential nucleus of solitary tract transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation vagus sensory evoked potential (VSEP) Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Iñaki Garcia deGurtubay Pedro Bermejo Miguel Lopez Iñaki Larraya Julian Librero Evaluation of different vagus nerve stimulation anatomical targets in the ear by vagus evoked potential responses
description	Abstract Background Electrical auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is an emerging therapy. Stimuli are transported to brainstem nuclei, whereby its multiple projections reach to many subcortical and cortical areas, thus allowing the neuromodulation of several systemic physiological processes. We aim to define the best auricular target for taVNS through vagus somatosensory evoked potential (VSEP) elicited stimulating different auricular areas with different electrode sizes. Methods Twenty‐six subjects were enrolled. Three stimulation areas were studied: simultaneous cymba and cavum (CC), cymba (C) and earlobe (L); and two electrode sizes: extra‐large (X) and small (S). We studied the effect of five combinations (CCX, CCS, CS, LX and LS) on VSEP´s latency and amplitude, and sensory and pain threshold (Pt) using a lineal mixed model regression analysis. We used CS combination, used in a commercial device, as reference model. Results Valid VSEP were obtained for CCX, CCS and CS but not in LX and LS. Both CCS and CCX tests showed significant amplitude increases. The same effect was observed in CCX using CCS as reference. Significant increases in Pt were found for CCX and LX. The same effect was observed in CCX using LX as reference. Conclusion The results suggest that CC and C areas are active targets for taVNS but not for earlobe, as anatomical data support. Considering that amplitude reflects the synchronized electrical activity generated, we conclude the most effective topography is the simultaneous stimulation of cymba and concha. The use of X‐sized electrodes increases the amplitudes and makes the stimulation more comfortable.
format	article
author	Iñaki Garcia deGurtubay Pedro Bermejo Miguel Lopez Iñaki Larraya Julian Librero
author_facet	Iñaki Garcia deGurtubay Pedro Bermejo Miguel Lopez Iñaki Larraya Julian Librero
author_sort	Iñaki Garcia deGurtubay
title	Evaluation of different vagus nerve stimulation anatomical targets in the ear by vagus evoked potential responses
title_short	Evaluation of different vagus nerve stimulation anatomical targets in the ear by vagus evoked potential responses
title_full	Evaluation of different vagus nerve stimulation anatomical targets in the ear by vagus evoked potential responses
title_fullStr	Evaluation of different vagus nerve stimulation anatomical targets in the ear by vagus evoked potential responses
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluation of different vagus nerve stimulation anatomical targets in the ear by vagus evoked potential responses
title_sort	evaluation of different vagus nerve stimulation anatomical targets in the ear by vagus evoked potential responses
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4b2b44a0e50646598c4846597332d240
work_keys_str_mv	AT inakigarciadegurtubay evaluationofdifferentvagusnervestimulationanatomicaltargetsintheearbyvagusevokedpotentialresponses AT pedrobermejo evaluationofdifferentvagusnervestimulationanatomicaltargetsintheearbyvagusevokedpotentialresponses AT miguellopez evaluationofdifferentvagusnervestimulationanatomicaltargetsintheearbyvagusevokedpotentialresponses AT inakilarraya evaluationofdifferentvagusnervestimulationanatomicaltargetsintheearbyvagusevokedpotentialresponses AT julianlibrero evaluationofdifferentvagusnervestimulationanatomicaltargetsintheearbyvagusevokedpotentialresponses
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Evaluation of different vagus nerve stimulation anatomical targets in the ear by vagus evoked potential responses

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