Refined burned-area mapping protocol using Sentinel-2 data increases estimate of 2019 Indonesian burning
<p>Many nations are challenged by landscape fires. A confident knowledge of the area and distribution of burning is crucial to monitor these fires and to assess how they might best be reduced. Given the differences that arise using different detection approaches, and the uncertainties surround...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
Copernicus Publications
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/4b6ede3c9a414ea8a86808f160086d7a |
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| Sumario: | <p>Many nations are challenged by landscape fires. A confident knowledge of the
area and distribution of burning is crucial to monitor these fires and to
assess how they might best be reduced. Given the differences that arise using
different detection approaches, and the uncertainties surrounding burned-area
estimates, their relative merits require evaluation. Here we propose,
illustrate, and examine one promising approach for Indonesia where recurring
forest and peatland fires have become an international crisis.</p>
<p>Drawing on Sentinel-2 satellite time-series analysis, we present and validate
new 2019 burned-area estimates for Indonesia. The corresponding burned-area
map is available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4551243">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4551243</a> (Gaveau et al., 2021a). We
show that <span class="inline-formula">>3.11</span> million hectares (Mha) burned in 2019. This burned-area
extent is double the Landsat-derived official estimate of 1.64 <span class="inline-formula">Mha</span>
from the Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry and 50 %
more that the MODIS MCD64A1 burned-area estimate of 2.03 <span class="inline-formula">Mha</span>. Though
we observed proportionally less peatland burning (31 % vs.
39 % and 40 % for the official and MCD64A1 products,
respectively), in absolute terms we still observed a greater area of peatland
affected (0.96 <span class="inline-formula">Mha</span>) than the official estimate
(0.64 <span class="inline-formula">Mha</span>). This new burned-area dataset has greater reliability than
these alternatives, attaining a user accuracy of 97.9 % (CI:
97.1 %–98.8 %) compared to 95.1 % (CI:
93.5 %–96.7 %) and 76 % (CI:
73.3 %–78.7 %), respectively. It omits fewer burned
areas, particularly smaller- (<span class="inline-formula"><100</span> <span class="inline-formula">ha</span>) to intermediate-sized
(100–1000 <span class="inline-formula">ha</span>) burns, attaining a producer accuracy of
75.6 % (CI: 68.3 %–83.0 %) compared to
49.5 % (CI: 42.5 %–56.6 %) and
53.1 % (CI: 45.8 %–60.5 %),
respectively. The frequency–area distribution of the Sentinel-2 burn scars
follows the apparent fractal-like power law or Pareto pattern often
reported in other fire studies, suggesting good detection over several
magnitudes of scale. Our relatively accurate estimates have important
implications for carbon-emission calculations from forest and peatland fires
in Indonesia.</p> |
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