Two alternative pathways for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) biosynthesis are widespread among teleost fish

Abstract Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) plays important physiological roles in vertebrates. Studies in rats and rainbow trout confirmed that DHA biosynthesis proceeds through the so-called “Sprecher pathway”, a biosynthetic process requiring a Δ6 desaturation of 24:5n−3 to 24:6n−3. Alternatively, some t...

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Autores principales:	Angela Oboh, Naoki Kabeya, Greta Carmona-Antoñanzas, L. Filipe C. Castro, James R. Dick, Douglas R. Tocher, Oscar Monroig
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4b7c9999bf064acdb0e22a359862f85d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4b7c9999bf064acdb0e22a359862f85d2021-12-02T12:32:46ZTwo alternative pathways for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) biosynthesis are widespread among teleost fish10.1038/s41598-017-04288-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/4b7c9999bf064acdb0e22a359862f85d2017-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-04288-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) plays important physiological roles in vertebrates. Studies in rats and rainbow trout confirmed that DHA biosynthesis proceeds through the so-called “Sprecher pathway”, a biosynthetic process requiring a Δ6 desaturation of 24:5n−3 to 24:6n−3. Alternatively, some teleosts possess fatty acyl desaturases 2 (Fads2) that enable them to biosynthesis DHA through a more direct route termed the “Δ4 pathway”. In order to elucidate the prevalence of both pathways among teleosts, we investigated the Δ6 ability towards C24 substrates of Fads2 from fish with different evolutionary and ecological backgrounds. Subsequently, we retrieved public databases to identify Fads2 containing the YXXN domain responsible for the Δ4 desaturase function, and consequently enabling these species to operate the Δ4 pathway. We demonstrated that, with the exception of Δ4 desaturases, fish Fads2 have the ability to operate as Δ6 desaturases towards C24 PUFA enabling them to synthesise DHA through the Sprecher pathway. Nevertheless, the Δ4 pathway represents an alternative route in some teleosts and we identified the presence of putative Δ4 Fads2 in a further 11 species and confirmed the function as Δ4 desaturases of Fads2 from medaka and Nile tilapia. Our results demonstrated that two alternative pathways for DHA biosynthesis exist in teleosts.Angela ObohNaoki KabeyaGreta Carmona-AntoñanzasL. Filipe C. CastroJames R. DickDouglas R. TocherOscar MonroigNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Angela Oboh Naoki Kabeya Greta Carmona-Antoñanzas L. Filipe C. Castro James R. Dick Douglas R. Tocher Oscar Monroig Two alternative pathways for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) biosynthesis are widespread among teleost fish
description	Abstract Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) plays important physiological roles in vertebrates. Studies in rats and rainbow trout confirmed that DHA biosynthesis proceeds through the so-called “Sprecher pathway”, a biosynthetic process requiring a Δ6 desaturation of 24:5n−3 to 24:6n−3. Alternatively, some teleosts possess fatty acyl desaturases 2 (Fads2) that enable them to biosynthesis DHA through a more direct route termed the “Δ4 pathway”. In order to elucidate the prevalence of both pathways among teleosts, we investigated the Δ6 ability towards C24 substrates of Fads2 from fish with different evolutionary and ecological backgrounds. Subsequently, we retrieved public databases to identify Fads2 containing the YXXN domain responsible for the Δ4 desaturase function, and consequently enabling these species to operate the Δ4 pathway. We demonstrated that, with the exception of Δ4 desaturases, fish Fads2 have the ability to operate as Δ6 desaturases towards C24 PUFA enabling them to synthesise DHA through the Sprecher pathway. Nevertheless, the Δ4 pathway represents an alternative route in some teleosts and we identified the presence of putative Δ4 Fads2 in a further 11 species and confirmed the function as Δ4 desaturases of Fads2 from medaka and Nile tilapia. Our results demonstrated that two alternative pathways for DHA biosynthesis exist in teleosts.
format	article
author	Angela Oboh Naoki Kabeya Greta Carmona-Antoñanzas L. Filipe C. Castro James R. Dick Douglas R. Tocher Oscar Monroig
author_facet	Angela Oboh Naoki Kabeya Greta Carmona-Antoñanzas L. Filipe C. Castro James R. Dick Douglas R. Tocher Oscar Monroig
author_sort	Angela Oboh
title	Two alternative pathways for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) biosynthesis are widespread among teleost fish
title_short	Two alternative pathways for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) biosynthesis are widespread among teleost fish
title_full	Two alternative pathways for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) biosynthesis are widespread among teleost fish
title_fullStr	Two alternative pathways for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) biosynthesis are widespread among teleost fish
title_full_unstemmed	Two alternative pathways for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) biosynthesis are widespread among teleost fish
title_sort	two alternative pathways for docosahexaenoic acid (dha, 22:6n-3) biosynthesis are widespread among teleost fish
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/4b7c9999bf064acdb0e22a359862f85d
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Two alternative pathways for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) biosynthesis are widespread among teleost fish

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