Differences in Polyamine Content between Human Milk and Infant Formulas

Human milk is the gold standard for nutrition during the first months of life, but when breastfeeding is not possible, it may be replaced by infant formulas, either partially or totally. Polyamines, which play an important role in intestinal maturation and the development of the immune system, are f...

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Autores principales:	Nelly C. Muñoz-Esparza, Oriol Comas-Basté, M. Luz Latorre-Moratalla, M. Teresa Veciana-Nogués, M. Carmen Vidal-Carou
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	polyamines putrescine spermidine spermine human milk breastfeeding Chemical technology TP1-1185
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4bb603ee9e5d40a7aa36183d840a3283
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4bb603ee9e5d40a7aa36183d840a32832021-11-25T17:36:41ZDifferences in Polyamine Content between Human Milk and Infant Formulas10.3390/foods101128662304-8158https://doaj.org/article/4bb603ee9e5d40a7aa36183d840a32832021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/11/2866https://doaj.org/toc/2304-8158Human milk is the gold standard for nutrition during the first months of life, but when breastfeeding is not possible, it may be replaced by infant formulas, either partially or totally. Polyamines, which play an important role in intestinal maturation and the development of the immune system, are found both in human milk and infant formulas, the first exogenous source of these compounds for the newborn. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and evolution of polyamines in human milk during the first semester of lactation and to compare the polyamine content with that of infant formulas. In total, 30 samples of human milk provided by six mothers during the first five months of lactation as well as 15 different types of infant formulas were analyzed using UHPLC-FL. Polyamines were detected in all human milk samples but with great variation among mothers. Spermidine and spermine levels tended to decrease during the lactation period, while putrescine remained practically unchanged. Considerable differences were observed in the polyamine contents and profiles between human milk and infant formulas, with concentrations being up to 30 times lower in the latter. The predominant polyamines in human milk were spermidine and spermine, and putrescine in infant formulas.Nelly C. Muñoz-EsparzaOriol Comas-BastéM. Luz Latorre-MoratallaM. Teresa Veciana-NoguésM. Carmen Vidal-CarouMDPI AGarticlepolyaminesputrescinespermidinesperminehuman milkbreastfeedingChemical technologyTP1-1185ENFoods, Vol 10, Iss 2866, p 2866 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	polyamines putrescine spermidine spermine human milk breastfeeding Chemical technology TP1-1185
spellingShingle	polyamines putrescine spermidine spermine human milk breastfeeding Chemical technology TP1-1185 Nelly C. Muñoz-Esparza Oriol Comas-Basté M. Luz Latorre-Moratalla M. Teresa Veciana-Nogués M. Carmen Vidal-Carou Differences in Polyamine Content between Human Milk and Infant Formulas
description	Human milk is the gold standard for nutrition during the first months of life, but when breastfeeding is not possible, it may be replaced by infant formulas, either partially or totally. Polyamines, which play an important role in intestinal maturation and the development of the immune system, are found both in human milk and infant formulas, the first exogenous source of these compounds for the newborn. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and evolution of polyamines in human milk during the first semester of lactation and to compare the polyamine content with that of infant formulas. In total, 30 samples of human milk provided by six mothers during the first five months of lactation as well as 15 different types of infant formulas were analyzed using UHPLC-FL. Polyamines were detected in all human milk samples but with great variation among mothers. Spermidine and spermine levels tended to decrease during the lactation period, while putrescine remained practically unchanged. Considerable differences were observed in the polyamine contents and profiles between human milk and infant formulas, with concentrations being up to 30 times lower in the latter. The predominant polyamines in human milk were spermidine and spermine, and putrescine in infant formulas.
format	article
author	Nelly C. Muñoz-Esparza Oriol Comas-Basté M. Luz Latorre-Moratalla M. Teresa Veciana-Nogués M. Carmen Vidal-Carou
author_facet	Nelly C. Muñoz-Esparza Oriol Comas-Basté M. Luz Latorre-Moratalla M. Teresa Veciana-Nogués M. Carmen Vidal-Carou
author_sort	Nelly C. Muñoz-Esparza
title	Differences in Polyamine Content between Human Milk and Infant Formulas
title_short	Differences in Polyamine Content between Human Milk and Infant Formulas
title_full	Differences in Polyamine Content between Human Milk and Infant Formulas
title_fullStr	Differences in Polyamine Content between Human Milk and Infant Formulas
title_full_unstemmed	Differences in Polyamine Content between Human Milk and Infant Formulas
title_sort	differences in polyamine content between human milk and infant formulas
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4bb603ee9e5d40a7aa36183d840a3283
work_keys_str_mv	AT nellycmunozesparza differencesinpolyaminecontentbetweenhumanmilkandinfantformulas AT oriolcomasbaste differencesinpolyaminecontentbetweenhumanmilkandinfantformulas AT mluzlatorremoratalla differencesinpolyaminecontentbetweenhumanmilkandinfantformulas AT mteresaveciananogues differencesinpolyaminecontentbetweenhumanmilkandinfantformulas AT mcarmenvidalcarou differencesinpolyaminecontentbetweenhumanmilkandinfantformulas
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Differences in Polyamine Content between Human Milk and Infant Formulas

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