Long-Term Assessment of Reference Baselines for the Determination of the Crop Water Stress Index in Maize under Mediterranean Conditions

Canopy temperature has been proposed as a relevant variable for crop water stress monitoring. Since crop temperature is highly influenced by the prevailing climatic conditions, it is usually normalized with indices such as the crop water stress index (CWSI). The index requires the use of two baselin...

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Autores principales:	Alejandro Prior, Orly Enrique Apolo-Apolo, Pedro Castro-Valdecantos, Manuel Pérez-Ruiz, Gregorio Egea
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	CWSI canopy temperature corn infrared thermometry plant phenotyping Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4bd594e803be45d8a4782907d85a8d86
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4bd594e803be45d8a4782907d85a8d862021-11-11T19:57:54ZLong-Term Assessment of Reference Baselines for the Determination of the Crop Water Stress Index in Maize under Mediterranean Conditions10.3390/w132131192073-4441https://doaj.org/article/4bd594e803be45d8a4782907d85a8d862021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/21/3119https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441Canopy temperature has been proposed as a relevant variable for crop water stress monitoring. Since crop temperature is highly influenced by the prevailing climatic conditions, it is usually normalized with indices such as the crop water stress index (CWSI). The index requires the use of two baselines that relate canopy temperature under maximum stress and non-water stress conditions with vapor pressure deficit (VPD). These reference baselines are specific to each crop and climatic region. In maize, they have been extensively studied for certain climatic regions but very little is known on their suitability to be used under Mediterranean-type conditions nor their temporal stability, both diurnally and between seasons. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the reference baselines for maize grown under Mediterranean conditions, as well as its diurnal and long-term stability. An experiment was conducted for 3 years in a maize breeding field, under well-watered and water-stressed irrigation treatments. The determined reference baselines for computing CWSI in maize have shown to be stable in the long term but markedly influenced by the meteorological variations between 10–17 h UTC (Coordinated Universal Time). These results indicate that several reference baselines should be used for CWSI computing throughout the abovementioned time interval. The CWSI values calculated for well-watered and water-stressed maize breeding plots using the reference baselines derived in this study were successfully correlated with other physiological indicators of plant water stress.Alejandro PriorOrly Enrique Apolo-ApoloPedro Castro-ValdecantosManuel Pérez-RuizGregorio EgeaMDPI AGarticleCWSIcanopy temperaturecorninfrared thermometryplant phenotypingHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 3119, p 3119 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	CWSI canopy temperature corn infrared thermometry plant phenotyping Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	CWSI canopy temperature corn infrared thermometry plant phenotyping Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Alejandro Prior Orly Enrique Apolo-Apolo Pedro Castro-Valdecantos Manuel Pérez-Ruiz Gregorio Egea Long-Term Assessment of Reference Baselines for the Determination of the Crop Water Stress Index in Maize under Mediterranean Conditions
description	Canopy temperature has been proposed as a relevant variable for crop water stress monitoring. Since crop temperature is highly influenced by the prevailing climatic conditions, it is usually normalized with indices such as the crop water stress index (CWSI). The index requires the use of two baselines that relate canopy temperature under maximum stress and non-water stress conditions with vapor pressure deficit (VPD). These reference baselines are specific to each crop and climatic region. In maize, they have been extensively studied for certain climatic regions but very little is known on their suitability to be used under Mediterranean-type conditions nor their temporal stability, both diurnally and between seasons. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the reference baselines for maize grown under Mediterranean conditions, as well as its diurnal and long-term stability. An experiment was conducted for 3 years in a maize breeding field, under well-watered and water-stressed irrigation treatments. The determined reference baselines for computing CWSI in maize have shown to be stable in the long term but markedly influenced by the meteorological variations between 10–17 h UTC (Coordinated Universal Time). These results indicate that several reference baselines should be used for CWSI computing throughout the abovementioned time interval. The CWSI values calculated for well-watered and water-stressed maize breeding plots using the reference baselines derived in this study were successfully correlated with other physiological indicators of plant water stress.
format	article
author	Alejandro Prior Orly Enrique Apolo-Apolo Pedro Castro-Valdecantos Manuel Pérez-Ruiz Gregorio Egea
author_facet	Alejandro Prior Orly Enrique Apolo-Apolo Pedro Castro-Valdecantos Manuel Pérez-Ruiz Gregorio Egea
author_sort	Alejandro Prior
title	Long-Term Assessment of Reference Baselines for the Determination of the Crop Water Stress Index in Maize under Mediterranean Conditions
title_short	Long-Term Assessment of Reference Baselines for the Determination of the Crop Water Stress Index in Maize under Mediterranean Conditions
title_full	Long-Term Assessment of Reference Baselines for the Determination of the Crop Water Stress Index in Maize under Mediterranean Conditions
title_fullStr	Long-Term Assessment of Reference Baselines for the Determination of the Crop Water Stress Index in Maize under Mediterranean Conditions
title_full_unstemmed	Long-Term Assessment of Reference Baselines for the Determination of the Crop Water Stress Index in Maize under Mediterranean Conditions
title_sort	long-term assessment of reference baselines for the determination of the crop water stress index in maize under mediterranean conditions
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4bd594e803be45d8a4782907d85a8d86
work_keys_str_mv	AT alejandroprior longtermassessmentofreferencebaselinesforthedeterminationofthecropwaterstressindexinmaizeundermediterraneanconditions AT orlyenriqueapoloapolo longtermassessmentofreferencebaselinesforthedeterminationofthecropwaterstressindexinmaizeundermediterraneanconditions AT pedrocastrovaldecantos longtermassessmentofreferencebaselinesforthedeterminationofthecropwaterstressindexinmaizeundermediterraneanconditions AT manuelperezruiz longtermassessmentofreferencebaselinesforthedeterminationofthecropwaterstressindexinmaizeundermediterraneanconditions AT gregorioegea longtermassessmentofreferencebaselinesforthedeterminationofthecropwaterstressindexinmaizeundermediterraneanconditions
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Long-Term Assessment of Reference Baselines for the Determination of the Crop Water Stress Index in Maize under Mediterranean Conditions

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