Landscape resistance constrains hybridization across contact zones in a reproductively and morphologically polymorphic salamander

Abstract Explicitly accounting for phenotypic differentiation together with environmental heterogeneity is crucial to understand the evolutionary dynamics in hybrid zones. Species showing intra-specific variation in phenotypic traits that meet across environmentally heterogeneous regions constitute...

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Autores principales:	Guillermo Velo-Antón, André Lourenço, Pedro Galán, Alfredo Nicieza, Pedro Tarroso
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4bdd8109c3bf48678209e09dccba28d1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4bdd8109c3bf48678209e09dccba28d12021-12-02T13:40:51ZLandscape resistance constrains hybridization across contact zones in a reproductively and morphologically polymorphic salamander10.1038/s41598-021-88349-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/4bdd8109c3bf48678209e09dccba28d12021-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88349-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Explicitly accounting for phenotypic differentiation together with environmental heterogeneity is crucial to understand the evolutionary dynamics in hybrid zones. Species showing intra-specific variation in phenotypic traits that meet across environmentally heterogeneous regions constitute excellent natural settings to study the role of phenotypic differentiation and environmental factors in shaping the spatial extent and patterns of admixture in hybrid zones. We studied three environmentally distinct contact zones where morphologically and reproductively divergent subspecies of Salamandra salamandra co-occur: the pueriparous S. s. bernardezi that is mostly parapatric to its three larviparous subspecies neighbours. We used a landscape genetics framework to: (i) characterise the spatial location and extent of each contact zone; (ii) assess patterns of introgression and hybridization between subspecies pairs; and (iii) examine the role of environmental heterogeneity in the evolutionary dynamics of hybrid zones. We found high levels of introgression between parity modes, and between distinct phenotypes, thus demonstrating the evolution to pueriparity alone or morphological differentiation do not lead to reproductive isolation between these highly divergent S. salamandra morphotypes. However, we detected substantial variation in patterns of hybridization across contact zones, being lower in the contact zone located on a topographically complex area. We highlight the importance of accounting for spatial environmental heterogeneity when studying evolutionary dynamics of hybrid zones.Guillermo Velo-AntónAndré LourençoPedro GalánAlfredo NiciezaPedro TarrosoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Guillermo Velo-Antón André Lourenço Pedro Galán Alfredo Nicieza Pedro Tarroso Landscape resistance constrains hybridization across contact zones in a reproductively and morphologically polymorphic salamander
description	Abstract Explicitly accounting for phenotypic differentiation together with environmental heterogeneity is crucial to understand the evolutionary dynamics in hybrid zones. Species showing intra-specific variation in phenotypic traits that meet across environmentally heterogeneous regions constitute excellent natural settings to study the role of phenotypic differentiation and environmental factors in shaping the spatial extent and patterns of admixture in hybrid zones. We studied three environmentally distinct contact zones where morphologically and reproductively divergent subspecies of Salamandra salamandra co-occur: the pueriparous S. s. bernardezi that is mostly parapatric to its three larviparous subspecies neighbours. We used a landscape genetics framework to: (i) characterise the spatial location and extent of each contact zone; (ii) assess patterns of introgression and hybridization between subspecies pairs; and (iii) examine the role of environmental heterogeneity in the evolutionary dynamics of hybrid zones. We found high levels of introgression between parity modes, and between distinct phenotypes, thus demonstrating the evolution to pueriparity alone or morphological differentiation do not lead to reproductive isolation between these highly divergent S. salamandra morphotypes. However, we detected substantial variation in patterns of hybridization across contact zones, being lower in the contact zone located on a topographically complex area. We highlight the importance of accounting for spatial environmental heterogeneity when studying evolutionary dynamics of hybrid zones.
format	article
author	Guillermo Velo-Antón André Lourenço Pedro Galán Alfredo Nicieza Pedro Tarroso
author_facet	Guillermo Velo-Antón André Lourenço Pedro Galán Alfredo Nicieza Pedro Tarroso
author_sort	Guillermo Velo-Antón
title	Landscape resistance constrains hybridization across contact zones in a reproductively and morphologically polymorphic salamander
title_short	Landscape resistance constrains hybridization across contact zones in a reproductively and morphologically polymorphic salamander
title_full	Landscape resistance constrains hybridization across contact zones in a reproductively and morphologically polymorphic salamander
title_fullStr	Landscape resistance constrains hybridization across contact zones in a reproductively and morphologically polymorphic salamander
title_full_unstemmed	Landscape resistance constrains hybridization across contact zones in a reproductively and morphologically polymorphic salamander
title_sort	landscape resistance constrains hybridization across contact zones in a reproductively and morphologically polymorphic salamander
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4bdd8109c3bf48678209e09dccba28d1
work_keys_str_mv	AT guillermoveloanton landscaperesistanceconstrainshybridizationacrosscontactzonesinareproductivelyandmorphologicallypolymorphicsalamander AT andrelourenco landscaperesistanceconstrainshybridizationacrosscontactzonesinareproductivelyandmorphologicallypolymorphicsalamander AT pedrogalan landscaperesistanceconstrainshybridizationacrosscontactzonesinareproductivelyandmorphologicallypolymorphicsalamander AT alfredonicieza landscaperesistanceconstrainshybridizationacrosscontactzonesinareproductivelyandmorphologicallypolymorphicsalamander AT pedrotarroso landscaperesistanceconstrainshybridizationacrosscontactzonesinareproductivelyandmorphologicallypolymorphicsalamander
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Landscape resistance constrains hybridization across contact zones in a reproductively and morphologically polymorphic salamander

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