The impact of mating and sugar feeding on blood-feeding physiology and behavior in the arbovirus vector mosquito Aedes aegypti.

<h4>Background</h4>Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are globally distributed vectors of viruses that impact the health of hundreds of millions of people annually. Mating and blood feeding represent fundamental aspects of mosquito life history that carry important implications for vectorial capac...

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Autores principales:	Garrett P League, Ethan C Degner, Sylvie A Pitcher, Yassi Hafezi, Erica Tennant, Priscilla C Cruz, Raksha S Krishnan, Stefano S Garcia Castillo, Catalina Alfonso-Parra, Frank W Avila, Mariana F Wolfner, Laura C Harrington
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4be8fdafcef642ba8e23aa906e1b6578
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4be8fdafcef642ba8e23aa906e1b65782021-12-02T20:23:59ZThe impact of mating and sugar feeding on blood-feeding physiology and behavior in the arbovirus vector mosquito Aedes aegypti.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009815https://doaj.org/article/4be8fdafcef642ba8e23aa906e1b65782021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009815https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735<h4>Background</h4>Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are globally distributed vectors of viruses that impact the health of hundreds of millions of people annually. Mating and blood feeding represent fundamental aspects of mosquito life history that carry important implications for vectorial capacity and for control strategies. Females transmit pathogens to vertebrate hosts and obtain essential nutrients for eggs during blood feeding. Further, because host-seeking Ae. aegypti females mate with males swarming near hosts, biological crosstalk between these behaviors could be important. Although mating influences nutritional intake in other insects, prior studies examining mating effects on mosquito blood feeding have yielded conflicting results.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>To resolve these discrepancies, we examined blood-feeding physiology and behavior in virgin and mated females and in virgins injected with male accessory gland extracts (MAG), which induce post-mating changes in female behavior. We controlled adult nutritional status prior to blood feeding by using water- and sugar-fed controls. Our data show that neither mating nor injection with MAG affect Ae. aegypti blood intake, digestion, or feeding avidity for an initial blood meal. However, sugar feeding, a common supplement in laboratory settings but relatively rare in nature, significantly affected all aspects of feeding and may have contributed to conflicting results among previous studies. Further, mating, MAG injection, and sugar intake induced declines in subsequent feedings after an initial blood meal, correlating with egg production and laying. Taking our evaluation to the field, virgin and mated mosquitoes collected in Colombia were equally likely to contain blood at the time of collection.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Mating, MAG, and sugar feeding impact a mosquito's estimated ability to transmit pathogens through both direct and indirect effects on multiple aspects of mosquito biology. Our results highlight the need to consider natural mosquito ecology, including diet, when assessing their physiology and behavior in the laboratory.Garrett P LeagueEthan C DegnerSylvie A PitcherYassi HafeziErica TennantPriscilla C CruzRaksha S KrishnanStefano S Garcia CastilloCatalina Alfonso-ParraFrank W AvilaMariana F WolfnerLaura C HarringtonPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 9, p e0009815 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Garrett P League Ethan C Degner Sylvie A Pitcher Yassi Hafezi Erica Tennant Priscilla C Cruz Raksha S Krishnan Stefano S Garcia Castillo Catalina Alfonso-Parra Frank W Avila Mariana F Wolfner Laura C Harrington The impact of mating and sugar feeding on blood-feeding physiology and behavior in the arbovirus vector mosquito Aedes aegypti.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are globally distributed vectors of viruses that impact the health of hundreds of millions of people annually. Mating and blood feeding represent fundamental aspects of mosquito life history that carry important implications for vectorial capacity and for control strategies. Females transmit pathogens to vertebrate hosts and obtain essential nutrients for eggs during blood feeding. Further, because host-seeking Ae. aegypti females mate with males swarming near hosts, biological crosstalk between these behaviors could be important. Although mating influences nutritional intake in other insects, prior studies examining mating effects on mosquito blood feeding have yielded conflicting results.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>To resolve these discrepancies, we examined blood-feeding physiology and behavior in virgin and mated females and in virgins injected with male accessory gland extracts (MAG), which induce post-mating changes in female behavior. We controlled adult nutritional status prior to blood feeding by using water- and sugar-fed controls. Our data show that neither mating nor injection with MAG affect Ae. aegypti blood intake, digestion, or feeding avidity for an initial blood meal. However, sugar feeding, a common supplement in laboratory settings but relatively rare in nature, significantly affected all aspects of feeding and may have contributed to conflicting results among previous studies. Further, mating, MAG injection, and sugar intake induced declines in subsequent feedings after an initial blood meal, correlating with egg production and laying. Taking our evaluation to the field, virgin and mated mosquitoes collected in Colombia were equally likely to contain blood at the time of collection.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Mating, MAG, and sugar feeding impact a mosquito's estimated ability to transmit pathogens through both direct and indirect effects on multiple aspects of mosquito biology. Our results highlight the need to consider natural mosquito ecology, including diet, when assessing their physiology and behavior in the laboratory.
format	article
author	Garrett P League Ethan C Degner Sylvie A Pitcher Yassi Hafezi Erica Tennant Priscilla C Cruz Raksha S Krishnan Stefano S Garcia Castillo Catalina Alfonso-Parra Frank W Avila Mariana F Wolfner Laura C Harrington
author_facet	Garrett P League Ethan C Degner Sylvie A Pitcher Yassi Hafezi Erica Tennant Priscilla C Cruz Raksha S Krishnan Stefano S Garcia Castillo Catalina Alfonso-Parra Frank W Avila Mariana F Wolfner Laura C Harrington
author_sort	Garrett P League
title	The impact of mating and sugar feeding on blood-feeding physiology and behavior in the arbovirus vector mosquito Aedes aegypti.
title_short	The impact of mating and sugar feeding on blood-feeding physiology and behavior in the arbovirus vector mosquito Aedes aegypti.
title_full	The impact of mating and sugar feeding on blood-feeding physiology and behavior in the arbovirus vector mosquito Aedes aegypti.
title_fullStr	The impact of mating and sugar feeding on blood-feeding physiology and behavior in the arbovirus vector mosquito Aedes aegypti.
title_full_unstemmed	The impact of mating and sugar feeding on blood-feeding physiology and behavior in the arbovirus vector mosquito Aedes aegypti.
title_sort	impact of mating and sugar feeding on blood-feeding physiology and behavior in the arbovirus vector mosquito aedes aegypti.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4be8fdafcef642ba8e23aa906e1b6578
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The impact of mating and sugar feeding on blood-feeding physiology and behavior in the arbovirus vector mosquito Aedes aegypti.

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