Alcohol and illicit drug use among young people living with HIV compared to their uninfected peers from the Kenyan coast: prevalence and risk indicators

Abstract Background In sub-Saharan Africa, there is paucity of research on substance use patterns among young people living with HIV (YLWH). To address the gap, we sought to: i) determine the prevalence of substance use, specifically alcohol and illicit drug use, among YLWH compared to their HIV-uni...

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Autores principales:	Moses K. Nyongesa, Paul Mwangi, Michael Kinuthia, Amin S. Hassan, Hans M. Koot, Pim Cuijpers, Charles R. J. C. Newton, Amina Abubakar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Substance use HIV infections Young people Prevalence Risk indicators Kenya Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology HV1-9960
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4c122c8cdb99406287594cad1448c2ff
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4c122c8cdb99406287594cad1448c2ff2021-11-28T12:14:47ZAlcohol and illicit drug use among young people living with HIV compared to their uninfected peers from the Kenyan coast: prevalence and risk indicators10.1186/s13011-021-00422-61747-597Xhttps://doaj.org/article/4c122c8cdb99406287594cad1448c2ff2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-021-00422-6https://doaj.org/toc/1747-597XAbstract Background In sub-Saharan Africa, there is paucity of research on substance use patterns among young people living with HIV (YLWH). To address the gap, we sought to: i) determine the prevalence of substance use, specifically alcohol and illicit drug use, among YLWH compared to their HIV-uninfected peers; ii) investigate the independent association between young people’s HIV infection status and substance use; iii) investigate the risk indicators for substance use among these young people. Methods Between November 2018 and September 2019, a cross-sectional study was conducted at the Kenyan coast recruiting 819 young people aged 18–24 years (407 HIV-positive). Alcohol and drug use disorders identification tests (AUDIT and DUDIT) were administered via audio computer-assisted self-interview alongside other measures. Logistic regression was used to determine substance use risk indicators. Results The point prevalence of current substance use was significantly lower among YLWH than HIV-uninfected youths: current alcohol use, 13% vs. 24%, p < 0.01; current illicit drug use, 7% vs. 15%, p < 0.01; current alcohol and illicit drug use comorbidity, 4 vs. 11%, p < 0.01. Past-year prevalence estimates for hazardous substance use were generally low among young people in this setting (< 10%) with no significant group differences observed. Being HIV-positive independently predicted lower odds of current substance use, but not hazardous substance use. There was overlap of some risk indicators for current substance use between young people with and without HIV including male sex, khat use and an experience of multiple negative life events, but risk indicators unique to either group were also identified. Among YLWH, none of the HIV-related factors was significantly associated with current substance use. Conclusions At the Kenyan coast, substance use is a reality among young people. The frequency of use generally appears to be low among YLWH compared to the HIV-uninfected peers. Substance use prevention initiatives targeting young people, regardless of HIV infection status, are warranted in this setting to avert their potential risk for developing substance use disorders, including dependence. The multifaceted intrapersonal and interpersonal factors that place young people at risk of substance use need to be addressed as part of the substance use awareness and prevention initiatives.Moses K. NyongesaPaul MwangiMichael KinuthiaAmin S. HassanHans M. KootPim CuijpersCharles R. J. C. NewtonAmina AbubakarBMCarticleSubstance useHIV infectionsYoung peoplePrevalenceRisk indicatorsKenyaPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270Social pathology. Social and public welfare. CriminologyHV1-9960ENSubstance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Substance use HIV infections Young people Prevalence Risk indicators Kenya Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology HV1-9960
spellingShingle	Substance use HIV infections Young people Prevalence Risk indicators Kenya Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Social pathology. Social and public welfare. Criminology HV1-9960 Moses K. Nyongesa Paul Mwangi Michael Kinuthia Amin S. Hassan Hans M. Koot Pim Cuijpers Charles R. J. C. Newton Amina Abubakar Alcohol and illicit drug use among young people living with HIV compared to their uninfected peers from the Kenyan coast: prevalence and risk indicators
description	Abstract Background In sub-Saharan Africa, there is paucity of research on substance use patterns among young people living with HIV (YLWH). To address the gap, we sought to: i) determine the prevalence of substance use, specifically alcohol and illicit drug use, among YLWH compared to their HIV-uninfected peers; ii) investigate the independent association between young people’s HIV infection status and substance use; iii) investigate the risk indicators for substance use among these young people. Methods Between November 2018 and September 2019, a cross-sectional study was conducted at the Kenyan coast recruiting 819 young people aged 18–24 years (407 HIV-positive). Alcohol and drug use disorders identification tests (AUDIT and DUDIT) were administered via audio computer-assisted self-interview alongside other measures. Logistic regression was used to determine substance use risk indicators. Results The point prevalence of current substance use was significantly lower among YLWH than HIV-uninfected youths: current alcohol use, 13% vs. 24%, p < 0.01; current illicit drug use, 7% vs. 15%, p < 0.01; current alcohol and illicit drug use comorbidity, 4 vs. 11%, p < 0.01. Past-year prevalence estimates for hazardous substance use were generally low among young people in this setting (< 10%) with no significant group differences observed. Being HIV-positive independently predicted lower odds of current substance use, but not hazardous substance use. There was overlap of some risk indicators for current substance use between young people with and without HIV including male sex, khat use and an experience of multiple negative life events, but risk indicators unique to either group were also identified. Among YLWH, none of the HIV-related factors was significantly associated with current substance use. Conclusions At the Kenyan coast, substance use is a reality among young people. The frequency of use generally appears to be low among YLWH compared to the HIV-uninfected peers. Substance use prevention initiatives targeting young people, regardless of HIV infection status, are warranted in this setting to avert their potential risk for developing substance use disorders, including dependence. The multifaceted intrapersonal and interpersonal factors that place young people at risk of substance use need to be addressed as part of the substance use awareness and prevention initiatives.
format	article
author	Moses K. Nyongesa Paul Mwangi Michael Kinuthia Amin S. Hassan Hans M. Koot Pim Cuijpers Charles R. J. C. Newton Amina Abubakar
author_facet	Moses K. Nyongesa Paul Mwangi Michael Kinuthia Amin S. Hassan Hans M. Koot Pim Cuijpers Charles R. J. C. Newton Amina Abubakar
author_sort	Moses K. Nyongesa
title	Alcohol and illicit drug use among young people living with HIV compared to their uninfected peers from the Kenyan coast: prevalence and risk indicators
title_short	Alcohol and illicit drug use among young people living with HIV compared to their uninfected peers from the Kenyan coast: prevalence and risk indicators
title_full	Alcohol and illicit drug use among young people living with HIV compared to their uninfected peers from the Kenyan coast: prevalence and risk indicators
title_fullStr	Alcohol and illicit drug use among young people living with HIV compared to their uninfected peers from the Kenyan coast: prevalence and risk indicators
title_full_unstemmed	Alcohol and illicit drug use among young people living with HIV compared to their uninfected peers from the Kenyan coast: prevalence and risk indicators
title_sort	alcohol and illicit drug use among young people living with hiv compared to their uninfected peers from the kenyan coast: prevalence and risk indicators
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4c122c8cdb99406287594cad1448c2ff
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Alcohol and illicit drug use among young people living with HIV compared to their uninfected peers from the Kenyan coast: prevalence and risk indicators

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