Impact of tDCS on working memory training is enhanced by strategy instructions in individuals with low working memory capacity

Abstract Interventions to improve working memory, e.g. by combining task rehearsal and non-invasive brain stimulation, are gaining popularity. Many factors, however, affect the outcome of these interventions. We hypothesize that working memory capacity at baseline predicts how an individual performs...

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Autores principales:	Sara Assecondi, Rong Hu, Gail Eskes, Xiaoping Pan, Jin Zhou, Kim Shapiro
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4c16f6f5fe9042acb32770379617b204
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4c16f6f5fe9042acb32770379617b2042021-12-02T13:20:04ZImpact of tDCS on working memory training is enhanced by strategy instructions in individuals with low working memory capacity10.1038/s41598-021-84298-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/4c16f6f5fe9042acb32770379617b2042021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84298-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Interventions to improve working memory, e.g. by combining task rehearsal and non-invasive brain stimulation, are gaining popularity. Many factors, however, affect the outcome of these interventions. We hypothesize that working memory capacity at baseline predicts how an individual performs on a working memory task, by setting limits on the benefit derived from tDCS when combined with strategy instructions; specifically, we hypothesize that individuals with low capacity will benefit the most. Eighty-four participants underwent two sessions of an adaptive working memory task (n-back) on two consecutive days. Participants were split into four independent groups (SHAM vs ACTIVE stimulation and STRATEGY vs no STRATEGY instructions). For the purpose of analysis, individuals were divided based on their baseline working memory capacity. Results support our prediction that the combination of tDCS and strategy instructions is particularly beneficial in low capacity individuals. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of factors affecting the outcome of tDCS when used in conjunction with cognitive training to improve working memory. Moreover, our results have implications for training regimens, e.g., by designing interventions predicated on baseline cognitive abilities, or focusing on strategy development for specific attentional skills.Sara AssecondiRong HuGail EskesXiaoping PanJin ZhouKim ShapiroNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sara Assecondi Rong Hu Gail Eskes Xiaoping Pan Jin Zhou Kim Shapiro Impact of tDCS on working memory training is enhanced by strategy instructions in individuals with low working memory capacity
description	Abstract Interventions to improve working memory, e.g. by combining task rehearsal and non-invasive brain stimulation, are gaining popularity. Many factors, however, affect the outcome of these interventions. We hypothesize that working memory capacity at baseline predicts how an individual performs on a working memory task, by setting limits on the benefit derived from tDCS when combined with strategy instructions; specifically, we hypothesize that individuals with low capacity will benefit the most. Eighty-four participants underwent two sessions of an adaptive working memory task (n-back) on two consecutive days. Participants were split into four independent groups (SHAM vs ACTIVE stimulation and STRATEGY vs no STRATEGY instructions). For the purpose of analysis, individuals were divided based on their baseline working memory capacity. Results support our prediction that the combination of tDCS and strategy instructions is particularly beneficial in low capacity individuals. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of factors affecting the outcome of tDCS when used in conjunction with cognitive training to improve working memory. Moreover, our results have implications for training regimens, e.g., by designing interventions predicated on baseline cognitive abilities, or focusing on strategy development for specific attentional skills.
format	article
author	Sara Assecondi Rong Hu Gail Eskes Xiaoping Pan Jin Zhou Kim Shapiro
author_facet	Sara Assecondi Rong Hu Gail Eskes Xiaoping Pan Jin Zhou Kim Shapiro
author_sort	Sara Assecondi
title	Impact of tDCS on working memory training is enhanced by strategy instructions in individuals with low working memory capacity
title_short	Impact of tDCS on working memory training is enhanced by strategy instructions in individuals with low working memory capacity
title_full	Impact of tDCS on working memory training is enhanced by strategy instructions in individuals with low working memory capacity
title_fullStr	Impact of tDCS on working memory training is enhanced by strategy instructions in individuals with low working memory capacity
title_full_unstemmed	Impact of tDCS on working memory training is enhanced by strategy instructions in individuals with low working memory capacity
title_sort	impact of tdcs on working memory training is enhanced by strategy instructions in individuals with low working memory capacity
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4c16f6f5fe9042acb32770379617b204
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Impact of tDCS on working memory training is enhanced by strategy instructions in individuals with low working memory capacity

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