The complex tibial organ of the New Zealand ground weta: sensory adaptations for vibrational signal detection

Abstract In orthopteran insects, a complex tibial organ has evolved to detect substrate vibrations and/or airborne sound. Species of New Zealand weta (Anostostomatidae) with tympanal ears on the foreleg tibia use this organ to communicate by sound, while in atympanate species (which communicate by s...

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Autores principales:	Johannes Strauß, Kathryn Lomas, Laurence H. Field
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4c1905fab8ff48fb9ea72475e79a4fa6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4c1905fab8ff48fb9ea72475e79a4fa62021-12-02T16:06:45ZThe complex tibial organ of the New Zealand ground weta: sensory adaptations for vibrational signal detection10.1038/s41598-017-02132-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/4c1905fab8ff48fb9ea72475e79a4fa62017-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-02132-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract In orthopteran insects, a complex tibial organ has evolved to detect substrate vibrations and/or airborne sound. Species of New Zealand weta (Anostostomatidae) with tympanal ears on the foreleg tibia use this organ to communicate by sound, while in atympanate species (which communicate by substrate drumming) the organ is unstudied. We investigated the complex tibial organ of the atympanate ground weta, Hemiandrus pallitarsis, for vibration detection adaptations. This system contains four sensory components (subgenual organ, intermediate organ, crista acustica homolog, accessory organ) in all legs, together with up to 90 scolopidial sensilla. Microcomputed tomography shows that the subgenual organ spans the hemolymph channel, with attachments suggesting that hemolymph oscillations displace the organ in a hinged-plate fashion. Subgenual sensilla are likely excited by substrate oscillations transmitted within the leg. Instead of the usual suspension within the middle of the tibial cavity, we show that the intermediate organ and crista acustica homolog comprise a cellular mass broadly attached to the anterior tibial wall. They likely detect cuticular vibrations, and not airborne sound. This atympanate complex tibial organ shows elaborate structural changes suggesting detection of vibrational stimuli by parallel input pathways, thus correlating well with the burrowing lifestyle and communication by substrate-transmitted vibration.Johannes StraußKathryn LomasLaurence H. FieldNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Johannes Strauß Kathryn Lomas Laurence H. Field The complex tibial organ of the New Zealand ground weta: sensory adaptations for vibrational signal detection
description	Abstract In orthopteran insects, a complex tibial organ has evolved to detect substrate vibrations and/or airborne sound. Species of New Zealand weta (Anostostomatidae) with tympanal ears on the foreleg tibia use this organ to communicate by sound, while in atympanate species (which communicate by substrate drumming) the organ is unstudied. We investigated the complex tibial organ of the atympanate ground weta, Hemiandrus pallitarsis, for vibration detection adaptations. This system contains four sensory components (subgenual organ, intermediate organ, crista acustica homolog, accessory organ) in all legs, together with up to 90 scolopidial sensilla. Microcomputed tomography shows that the subgenual organ spans the hemolymph channel, with attachments suggesting that hemolymph oscillations displace the organ in a hinged-plate fashion. Subgenual sensilla are likely excited by substrate oscillations transmitted within the leg. Instead of the usual suspension within the middle of the tibial cavity, we show that the intermediate organ and crista acustica homolog comprise a cellular mass broadly attached to the anterior tibial wall. They likely detect cuticular vibrations, and not airborne sound. This atympanate complex tibial organ shows elaborate structural changes suggesting detection of vibrational stimuli by parallel input pathways, thus correlating well with the burrowing lifestyle and communication by substrate-transmitted vibration.
format	article
author	Johannes Strauß Kathryn Lomas Laurence H. Field
author_facet	Johannes Strauß Kathryn Lomas Laurence H. Field
author_sort	Johannes Strauß
title	The complex tibial organ of the New Zealand ground weta: sensory adaptations for vibrational signal detection
title_short	The complex tibial organ of the New Zealand ground weta: sensory adaptations for vibrational signal detection
title_full	The complex tibial organ of the New Zealand ground weta: sensory adaptations for vibrational signal detection
title_fullStr	The complex tibial organ of the New Zealand ground weta: sensory adaptations for vibrational signal detection
title_full_unstemmed	The complex tibial organ of the New Zealand ground weta: sensory adaptations for vibrational signal detection
title_sort	complex tibial organ of the new zealand ground weta: sensory adaptations for vibrational signal detection
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/4c1905fab8ff48fb9ea72475e79a4fa6
work_keys_str_mv	AT johannesstrauß thecomplextibialorganofthenewzealandgroundwetasensoryadaptationsforvibrationalsignaldetection AT kathrynlomas thecomplextibialorganofthenewzealandgroundwetasensoryadaptationsforvibrationalsignaldetection AT laurencehfield thecomplextibialorganofthenewzealandgroundwetasensoryadaptationsforvibrationalsignaldetection AT johannesstrauß complextibialorganofthenewzealandgroundwetasensoryadaptationsforvibrationalsignaldetection AT kathrynlomas complextibialorganofthenewzealandgroundwetasensoryadaptationsforvibrationalsignaldetection AT laurencehfield complextibialorganofthenewzealandgroundwetasensoryadaptationsforvibrationalsignaldetection
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The complex tibial organ of the New Zealand ground weta: sensory adaptations for vibrational signal detection

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