Emergetic and cosmic exergy-based ecological assessments of long-term raised field eco-farming systems in saline–alkaline lands

The ecological and efficient use of saline–alkaline lands is very important worldwide. The main objective of this paper is to identify an eco-farming system suitable for saline–alkaline lands via emergetic and cosmic exergy-based ecological assessments. Three ecosystems were compared: an agriculture...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Hengyu Hu, Mengkun Zhang, Yin Zhang, Min Fu, Jiansheng Chen, Geng Li, Mingzhen Zhai, Xiuyun Ming, Tangyuan Ning
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Emergetic ecological footprint analysis Cosmic exergy Long-term raised field Ecological farm mode Saline–alkali land Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4c56bc64fb96479680e9e1446eef2f75
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:4c56bc64fb96479680e9e1446eef2f75
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4c56bc64fb96479680e9e1446eef2f752021-12-01T04:47:52ZEmergetic and cosmic exergy-based ecological assessments of long-term raised field eco-farming systems in saline–alkaline lands1470-160X10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107531https://doaj.org/article/4c56bc64fb96479680e9e1446eef2f752021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X21001965https://doaj.org/toc/1470-160XThe ecological and efficient use of saline–alkaline lands is very important worldwide. The main objective of this paper is to identify an eco-farming system suitable for saline–alkaline lands via emergetic and cosmic exergy-based ecological assessments. Three ecosystems were compared: an agriculture-free system, a local agricultural system, and a superior agricultural system. In the latter two systems, crops (winter wheat and summer maize), animal husbandry and orchards were integrated in raised fields. In the superior agricultural system, conservation tillage, intercropping, and farming-grazing system were used. After 15 years, the electrical conductivity of the soil in 0–30 cm depth was 49.2% reduced using the raised field. In 2018, the average soil electrical conductivity of the superior agricultural system was 20.1% and 14.8% lower than that of the agricultural-free system and local agricultural system, respectively. The superior agricultural system was more sustainable than both the agriculture-free system and the local agricultural system by the footprint investment per unit of footprint delivered method. The renewability and sustainability of the superior agricultural system were higher than the other systems. The economic benefit of the superior agricultural system was the highest among the three systems, which is 1.34 times higher than that of the local agricultural system. These results suggest that the superior agricultural system is better than the other two systems because it promotes the flow of materials and energy and takes advantage of the mutually beneficial effects by using conservation tillage, intercropping, and farming-grazing system. This study contributes to the theoretical foundation for policy-making in saline–alkaline regions worldwide.Hengyu HuMengkun ZhangYin ZhangMin FuJiansheng ChenGeng LiMingzhen ZhaiXiuyun MingTangyuan NingElsevierarticleEmergetic ecological footprint analysisCosmic exergyLong-term raised fieldEcological farm modeSaline–alkali landEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcological Indicators, Vol 125, Iss , Pp 107531- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Emergetic ecological footprint analysis Cosmic exergy Long-term raised field Ecological farm mode Saline–alkali land Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Emergetic ecological footprint analysis Cosmic exergy Long-term raised field Ecological farm mode Saline–alkali land Ecology QH540-549.5 Hengyu Hu Mengkun Zhang Yin Zhang Min Fu Jiansheng Chen Geng Li Mingzhen Zhai Xiuyun Ming Tangyuan Ning Emergetic and cosmic exergy-based ecological assessments of long-term raised field eco-farming systems in saline–alkaline lands
description	The ecological and efficient use of saline–alkaline lands is very important worldwide. The main objective of this paper is to identify an eco-farming system suitable for saline–alkaline lands via emergetic and cosmic exergy-based ecological assessments. Three ecosystems were compared: an agriculture-free system, a local agricultural system, and a superior agricultural system. In the latter two systems, crops (winter wheat and summer maize), animal husbandry and orchards were integrated in raised fields. In the superior agricultural system, conservation tillage, intercropping, and farming-grazing system were used. After 15 years, the electrical conductivity of the soil in 0–30 cm depth was 49.2% reduced using the raised field. In 2018, the average soil electrical conductivity of the superior agricultural system was 20.1% and 14.8% lower than that of the agricultural-free system and local agricultural system, respectively. The superior agricultural system was more sustainable than both the agriculture-free system and the local agricultural system by the footprint investment per unit of footprint delivered method. The renewability and sustainability of the superior agricultural system were higher than the other systems. The economic benefit of the superior agricultural system was the highest among the three systems, which is 1.34 times higher than that of the local agricultural system. These results suggest that the superior agricultural system is better than the other two systems because it promotes the flow of materials and energy and takes advantage of the mutually beneficial effects by using conservation tillage, intercropping, and farming-grazing system. This study contributes to the theoretical foundation for policy-making in saline–alkaline regions worldwide.
format	article
author	Hengyu Hu Mengkun Zhang Yin Zhang Min Fu Jiansheng Chen Geng Li Mingzhen Zhai Xiuyun Ming Tangyuan Ning
author_facet	Hengyu Hu Mengkun Zhang Yin Zhang Min Fu Jiansheng Chen Geng Li Mingzhen Zhai Xiuyun Ming Tangyuan Ning
author_sort	Hengyu Hu
title	Emergetic and cosmic exergy-based ecological assessments of long-term raised field eco-farming systems in saline–alkaline lands
title_short	Emergetic and cosmic exergy-based ecological assessments of long-term raised field eco-farming systems in saline–alkaline lands
title_full	Emergetic and cosmic exergy-based ecological assessments of long-term raised field eco-farming systems in saline–alkaline lands
title_fullStr	Emergetic and cosmic exergy-based ecological assessments of long-term raised field eco-farming systems in saline–alkaline lands
title_full_unstemmed	Emergetic and cosmic exergy-based ecological assessments of long-term raised field eco-farming systems in saline–alkaline lands
title_sort	emergetic and cosmic exergy-based ecological assessments of long-term raised field eco-farming systems in saline–alkaline lands
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4c56bc64fb96479680e9e1446eef2f75
work_keys_str_mv	AT hengyuhu emergeticandcosmicexergybasedecologicalassessmentsoflongtermraisedfieldecofarmingsystemsinsalinealkalinelands AT mengkunzhang emergeticandcosmicexergybasedecologicalassessmentsoflongtermraisedfieldecofarmingsystemsinsalinealkalinelands AT yinzhang emergeticandcosmicexergybasedecologicalassessmentsoflongtermraisedfieldecofarmingsystemsinsalinealkalinelands AT minfu emergeticandcosmicexergybasedecologicalassessmentsoflongtermraisedfieldecofarmingsystemsinsalinealkalinelands AT jianshengchen emergeticandcosmicexergybasedecologicalassessmentsoflongtermraisedfieldecofarmingsystemsinsalinealkalinelands AT gengli emergeticandcosmicexergybasedecologicalassessmentsoflongtermraisedfieldecofarmingsystemsinsalinealkalinelands AT mingzhenzhai emergeticandcosmicexergybasedecologicalassessmentsoflongtermraisedfieldecofarmingsystemsinsalinealkalinelands AT xiuyunming emergeticandcosmicexergybasedecologicalassessmentsoflongtermraisedfieldecofarmingsystemsinsalinealkalinelands AT tangyuanning emergeticandcosmicexergybasedecologicalassessmentsoflongtermraisedfieldecofarmingsystemsinsalinealkalinelands
_version_	1718405721549176832

Emergetic and cosmic exergy-based ecological assessments of long-term raised field eco-farming systems in saline–alkaline lands

Ejemplares similares