Suspected Drinking Water Poisoning in a Domestic Kitten with Methemoglobinemia

A 4-month-old male indoor cat was referred for dyspnea, mental dullness and weakness, which appeared two days earlier. The cat had been adopted at 3 months of age. Physical exam showed cyanosis, dyspnea and mild hypothermia. The “spot test” was supportive of methemoglobinemia. Co-oximetry blood gas...

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Autores principales:	Francesca Fidanzio, Andrea Corsini, Kevin Pascal Spindler, Serena Crosara
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	methemoglobinemia methemoglobin intoxication drinking water poisoning kitten veterinary pediatrics toxicology Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4c6971f3e4d140bc855e5807eec5fb9e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4c6971f3e4d140bc855e5807eec5fb9e2021-11-25T19:11:50ZSuspected Drinking Water Poisoning in a Domestic Kitten with Methemoglobinemia10.3390/vetsci81102432306-7381https://doaj.org/article/4c6971f3e4d140bc855e5807eec5fb9e2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/8/11/243https://doaj.org/toc/2306-7381A 4-month-old male indoor cat was referred for dyspnea, mental dullness and weakness, which appeared two days earlier. The cat had been adopted at 3 months of age. Physical exam showed cyanosis, dyspnea and mild hypothermia. The “spot test” was supportive of methemoglobinemia. Co-oximetry blood gas analysis revealed severe methemoglobinemia (81.40%), severe hyperchloremia and mild hyponatremia. CBC, biochemistry and urinalysis were within normal limits, blood smear showed the presence of Heinz bodies. Treatment was instituted with oxygen therapy, methylene blue 1% solution, ascorbic acid, intravenous fluid therapy. The clinical course was favorable with rapid improvement of cyanosis and methemoglobinemia (4.2%). Acquired methemoglobinemia was hypothesized. Two weeks after discharge the cat was asymptomatic but mild methemoglobinemia (15.60%) and hyperchloremia were evident. Exposure to oxidants contained in drinking water was suspected so the owners were instructed to use bottled water only. One month later the cat was asymptomatic, and methemoglobinemia and chloremia were within normal limits. Even if a congenital form due to cytochrome b5 reductase deficiency cannot be ruled out, drinking water intoxication is the most likely cause of methemoglobinemia in this cat.Francesca FidanzioAndrea CorsiniKevin Pascal SpindlerSerena CrosaraMDPI AGarticlemethemoglobinemiamethemoglobin intoxicationdrinking water poisoningkittenveterinary pediatricstoxicologyVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENVeterinary Sciences, Vol 8, Iss 243, p 243 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	methemoglobinemia methemoglobin intoxication drinking water poisoning kitten veterinary pediatrics toxicology Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	methemoglobinemia methemoglobin intoxication drinking water poisoning kitten veterinary pediatrics toxicology Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Francesca Fidanzio Andrea Corsini Kevin Pascal Spindler Serena Crosara Suspected Drinking Water Poisoning in a Domestic Kitten with Methemoglobinemia
description	A 4-month-old male indoor cat was referred for dyspnea, mental dullness and weakness, which appeared two days earlier. The cat had been adopted at 3 months of age. Physical exam showed cyanosis, dyspnea and mild hypothermia. The “spot test” was supportive of methemoglobinemia. Co-oximetry blood gas analysis revealed severe methemoglobinemia (81.40%), severe hyperchloremia and mild hyponatremia. CBC, biochemistry and urinalysis were within normal limits, blood smear showed the presence of Heinz bodies. Treatment was instituted with oxygen therapy, methylene blue 1% solution, ascorbic acid, intravenous fluid therapy. The clinical course was favorable with rapid improvement of cyanosis and methemoglobinemia (4.2%). Acquired methemoglobinemia was hypothesized. Two weeks after discharge the cat was asymptomatic but mild methemoglobinemia (15.60%) and hyperchloremia were evident. Exposure to oxidants contained in drinking water was suspected so the owners were instructed to use bottled water only. One month later the cat was asymptomatic, and methemoglobinemia and chloremia were within normal limits. Even if a congenital form due to cytochrome b5 reductase deficiency cannot be ruled out, drinking water intoxication is the most likely cause of methemoglobinemia in this cat.
format	article
author	Francesca Fidanzio Andrea Corsini Kevin Pascal Spindler Serena Crosara
author_facet	Francesca Fidanzio Andrea Corsini Kevin Pascal Spindler Serena Crosara
author_sort	Francesca Fidanzio
title	Suspected Drinking Water Poisoning in a Domestic Kitten with Methemoglobinemia
title_short	Suspected Drinking Water Poisoning in a Domestic Kitten with Methemoglobinemia
title_full	Suspected Drinking Water Poisoning in a Domestic Kitten with Methemoglobinemia
title_fullStr	Suspected Drinking Water Poisoning in a Domestic Kitten with Methemoglobinemia
title_full_unstemmed	Suspected Drinking Water Poisoning in a Domestic Kitten with Methemoglobinemia
title_sort	suspected drinking water poisoning in a domestic kitten with methemoglobinemia
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4c6971f3e4d140bc855e5807eec5fb9e
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Suspected Drinking Water Poisoning in a Domestic Kitten with Methemoglobinemia

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