The CHO Cell Clustering Response to Pertussis Toxin: History of Its Discovery and Recent Developments in Its Use

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells respond to pertussis toxin (PT) with a novel clustering pattern, which is dependent on biologically active PT. Since its description in 1983, this cellular response has been refined and used extensively for detection and quantification of PT activity, as well as ant...

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Autores principales:	Mary C. Gray, Richard L. Guerrant, Erik L. Hewlett
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	CHO cells cluster response impedance pertussis toxin Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4c736dddf4e140989932b1f5521deed3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4c736dddf4e140989932b1f5521deed32021-11-25T19:09:04ZThe CHO Cell Clustering Response to Pertussis Toxin: History of Its Discovery and Recent Developments in Its Use10.3390/toxins131108152072-6651https://doaj.org/article/4c736dddf4e140989932b1f5521deed32021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/11/815https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6651Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells respond to pertussis toxin (PT) with a novel clustering pattern, which is dependent on biologically active PT. Since its description in 1983, this cellular response has been refined and used extensively for detection and quantification of PT activity, as well as anti-PT antibodies. There are limitations, however, in the use of this phenomenon as originally described. They are: (1) a subjective, observer-dependent scoring system; (2) the requirement for 16–24 h incubation in order for the response to be clearly detectable; and (3) apparent interference from non-toxin materials. To overcome these limitations, a number of alternative in vitro assays for PT, using CHO cells or other cell types, have been developed and are described elsewhere in this publication. In addressing the challenges associated with the CHO cell assay, we discovered that changes in the electrical impedance-based “normalized cell index” of PT-treated CHO cells obtained with the ACEA xCELLigence instrument enable objective detection/quantification of the PT-induced effect in as little as 3–4 h. To the best of our knowledge, the molecular basis for this intriguing response remains unknown. We present here electron microscopic (EM) images of control and PT-treated cells, which suggest some potential molecular mechanisms.Mary C. GrayRichard L. GuerrantErik L. HewlettMDPI AGarticleCHO cellscluster responseimpedancepertussis toxinMedicineRENToxins, Vol 13, Iss 815, p 815 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	CHO cells cluster response impedance pertussis toxin Medicine R
spellingShingle	CHO cells cluster response impedance pertussis toxin Medicine R Mary C. Gray Richard L. Guerrant Erik L. Hewlett The CHO Cell Clustering Response to Pertussis Toxin: History of Its Discovery and Recent Developments in Its Use
description	Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells respond to pertussis toxin (PT) with a novel clustering pattern, which is dependent on biologically active PT. Since its description in 1983, this cellular response has been refined and used extensively for detection and quantification of PT activity, as well as anti-PT antibodies. There are limitations, however, in the use of this phenomenon as originally described. They are: (1) a subjective, observer-dependent scoring system; (2) the requirement for 16–24 h incubation in order for the response to be clearly detectable; and (3) apparent interference from non-toxin materials. To overcome these limitations, a number of alternative in vitro assays for PT, using CHO cells or other cell types, have been developed and are described elsewhere in this publication. In addressing the challenges associated with the CHO cell assay, we discovered that changes in the electrical impedance-based “normalized cell index” of PT-treated CHO cells obtained with the ACEA xCELLigence instrument enable objective detection/quantification of the PT-induced effect in as little as 3–4 h. To the best of our knowledge, the molecular basis for this intriguing response remains unknown. We present here electron microscopic (EM) images of control and PT-treated cells, which suggest some potential molecular mechanisms.
format	article
author	Mary C. Gray Richard L. Guerrant Erik L. Hewlett
author_facet	Mary C. Gray Richard L. Guerrant Erik L. Hewlett
author_sort	Mary C. Gray
title	The CHO Cell Clustering Response to Pertussis Toxin: History of Its Discovery and Recent Developments in Its Use
title_short	The CHO Cell Clustering Response to Pertussis Toxin: History of Its Discovery and Recent Developments in Its Use
title_full	The CHO Cell Clustering Response to Pertussis Toxin: History of Its Discovery and Recent Developments in Its Use
title_fullStr	The CHO Cell Clustering Response to Pertussis Toxin: History of Its Discovery and Recent Developments in Its Use
title_full_unstemmed	The CHO Cell Clustering Response to Pertussis Toxin: History of Its Discovery and Recent Developments in Its Use
title_sort	cho cell clustering response to pertussis toxin: history of its discovery and recent developments in its use
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4c736dddf4e140989932b1f5521deed3
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The CHO Cell Clustering Response to Pertussis Toxin: History of Its Discovery and Recent Developments in Its Use

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