Effects of a Novel Probiotic Combination on Pathogenic Bacterial-Fungal Polymicrobial Biofilms

ABSTRACT Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has been implicated in inflammatory bowel diseases. We have shown that levels of Candida tropicalis, along with those of Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens, are significantly elevated in Crohn’s disease (CD) patients. Here, we evaluated the ability of a...

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Autores principales:	Christopher L. Hager, Nancy Isham, Kory P. Schrom, Jyotsna Chandra, Thomas McCormick, Masaru Miyagi, Mahmoud A. Ghannoum
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2019
Materias:	Candida albicans Candida tropicalis biofilms probiotics Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4ca61bf78d044ceba78c3da7cbcbcf5b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4ca61bf78d044ceba78c3da7cbcbcf5b2021-11-15T15:55:24ZEffects of a Novel Probiotic Combination on Pathogenic Bacterial-Fungal Polymicrobial Biofilms10.1128/mBio.00338-192150-7511https://doaj.org/article/4ca61bf78d044ceba78c3da7cbcbcf5b2019-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00338-19https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has been implicated in inflammatory bowel diseases. We have shown that levels of Candida tropicalis, along with those of Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens, are significantly elevated in Crohn’s disease (CD) patients. Here, we evaluated the ability of a novel probiotic to prevent and treat polymicrobial biofilms (PMB) formed by C. tropicalis with E. coli and S. marcescens. Since Candida albicans has been reported to be elevated in CD patients, we investigated the interactions of C. albicans with these bacterial species in biofilm formation. We determined whether the interaction between Candida spp. and bacteria is specific by using Trichosporon inkin and Saccharomyces fibuligera as comparators. Additionally, the effects of probiotics on C. albicans germination and biofilm formation were determined. To determine the ability of the probiotic to prevent or treat mature biofilms, probiotic filtrate was added to the PMB at early (prevention) and mature (treatment) phases. Biofilm thickness and architecture were assessed by confocal scanning laser microscopy. The effects of the probiotic on germination were evaluated in the presence of serum. Exposure of C. tropicalis PMB to probiotic filtrate reduced biofilm matrix, decreased thickness, and inhibited hyphal formation. We showed that C. albicans or C. tropicalis formed significantly thicker PMB than control biofilms, indicating that this interaction is Candida specific. Treatment with probiotic filtrate inhibited C. albicans germination and prevented/treated C. albicans PMB. The designed probiotic may have utility in the management of biofilm-associated gastrointestinal diseases such as Crohn’s and colorectal cancer. IMPORTANCE The effects of diversity of the gut microbiome on inflammation have centered mainly on bacterial flora. Recent research has implicated fungal species and their interactions with other organisms in the inflammatory process. New ways to restore microbial balance in the gut are being explored. Our goal was to identify beneficial probiotic strains that would antagonize these fungal and bacterial pathogens that are elevated in the inflamed gut, and which also have antibiofilm activity. Fungus-bacterium correlation analysis allowed us to identify candidate probiotic species that can antagonize microbial pathogens, which we subsequently incorporated into a novel probiotic formulation. Amylase, which is known to have some antibiofilm activity, was also added to the probiotic mixture. This novel probiotic may have utility for the management of inflammatory bowel diseases by disrupting polymicrobial biofilm formation.Christopher L. HagerNancy IshamKory P. SchromJyotsna ChandraThomas McCormickMasaru MiyagiMahmoud A. GhannoumAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleCandida albicansCandida tropicalisbiofilmsprobioticsMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 10, Iss 2 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Candida albicans Candida tropicalis biofilms probiotics Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Candida albicans Candida tropicalis biofilms probiotics Microbiology QR1-502 Christopher L. Hager Nancy Isham Kory P. Schrom Jyotsna Chandra Thomas McCormick Masaru Miyagi Mahmoud A. Ghannoum Effects of a Novel Probiotic Combination on Pathogenic Bacterial-Fungal Polymicrobial Biofilms
description	ABSTRACT Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has been implicated in inflammatory bowel diseases. We have shown that levels of Candida tropicalis, along with those of Escherichia coli and Serratia marcescens, are significantly elevated in Crohn’s disease (CD) patients. Here, we evaluated the ability of a novel probiotic to prevent and treat polymicrobial biofilms (PMB) formed by C. tropicalis with E. coli and S. marcescens. Since Candida albicans has been reported to be elevated in CD patients, we investigated the interactions of C. albicans with these bacterial species in biofilm formation. We determined whether the interaction between Candida spp. and bacteria is specific by using Trichosporon inkin and Saccharomyces fibuligera as comparators. Additionally, the effects of probiotics on C. albicans germination and biofilm formation were determined. To determine the ability of the probiotic to prevent or treat mature biofilms, probiotic filtrate was added to the PMB at early (prevention) and mature (treatment) phases. Biofilm thickness and architecture were assessed by confocal scanning laser microscopy. The effects of the probiotic on germination were evaluated in the presence of serum. Exposure of C. tropicalis PMB to probiotic filtrate reduced biofilm matrix, decreased thickness, and inhibited hyphal formation. We showed that C. albicans or C. tropicalis formed significantly thicker PMB than control biofilms, indicating that this interaction is Candida specific. Treatment with probiotic filtrate inhibited C. albicans germination and prevented/treated C. albicans PMB. The designed probiotic may have utility in the management of biofilm-associated gastrointestinal diseases such as Crohn’s and colorectal cancer. IMPORTANCE The effects of diversity of the gut microbiome on inflammation have centered mainly on bacterial flora. Recent research has implicated fungal species and their interactions with other organisms in the inflammatory process. New ways to restore microbial balance in the gut are being explored. Our goal was to identify beneficial probiotic strains that would antagonize these fungal and bacterial pathogens that are elevated in the inflamed gut, and which also have antibiofilm activity. Fungus-bacterium correlation analysis allowed us to identify candidate probiotic species that can antagonize microbial pathogens, which we subsequently incorporated into a novel probiotic formulation. Amylase, which is known to have some antibiofilm activity, was also added to the probiotic mixture. This novel probiotic may have utility for the management of inflammatory bowel diseases by disrupting polymicrobial biofilm formation.
format	article
author	Christopher L. Hager Nancy Isham Kory P. Schrom Jyotsna Chandra Thomas McCormick Masaru Miyagi Mahmoud A. Ghannoum
author_facet	Christopher L. Hager Nancy Isham Kory P. Schrom Jyotsna Chandra Thomas McCormick Masaru Miyagi Mahmoud A. Ghannoum
author_sort	Christopher L. Hager
title	Effects of a Novel Probiotic Combination on Pathogenic Bacterial-Fungal Polymicrobial Biofilms
title_short	Effects of a Novel Probiotic Combination on Pathogenic Bacterial-Fungal Polymicrobial Biofilms
title_full	Effects of a Novel Probiotic Combination on Pathogenic Bacterial-Fungal Polymicrobial Biofilms
title_fullStr	Effects of a Novel Probiotic Combination on Pathogenic Bacterial-Fungal Polymicrobial Biofilms
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of a Novel Probiotic Combination on Pathogenic Bacterial-Fungal Polymicrobial Biofilms
title_sort	effects of a novel probiotic combination on pathogenic bacterial-fungal polymicrobial biofilms
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/4ca61bf78d044ceba78c3da7cbcbcf5b
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Effects of a Novel Probiotic Combination on Pathogenic Bacterial-Fungal Polymicrobial Biofilms

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