Development of a Numerical Investigation Framework for Ground Vehicle Platooning

This paper presents a study on the flow dynamics involving vehicle interactions. In order to do so, this study first explores aerodynamic prediction capabilities of popular turbulence models used in computational fluid dynamics simulations involving tandem objects and thus, ultimately presents a fra...

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Autores principales:	Charles Patrick Bounds, Sudhan Rajasekar, Mesbah Uddin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	ground vehicle DrivAer external aerodynamics platooning CFD drag reduction Thermodynamics QC310.15-319 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4cf59ef6102847e18fc2ce179c763a99
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4cf59ef6102847e18fc2ce179c763a992021-11-25T17:31:42ZDevelopment of a Numerical Investigation Framework for Ground Vehicle Platooning10.3390/fluids61104042311-5521https://doaj.org/article/4cf59ef6102847e18fc2ce179c763a992021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2311-5521/6/11/404https://doaj.org/toc/2311-5521This paper presents a study on the flow dynamics involving vehicle interactions. In order to do so, this study first explores aerodynamic prediction capabilities of popular turbulence models used in computational fluid dynamics simulations involving tandem objects and thus, ultimately presents a framework for CFD simulations of ground vehicle platooning using a realistic vehicle model, DrivAer. Considering the availability of experimental data, the simulation methodology is first developed using a tandem arrangement of surface-mounted cubes which requires an understanding on the role of turbulence models and the impacts of the associated turbulence model closure coefficients on the prediction veracity. It was observed that the prediction accuracy of the SST <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>ω</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> turbulence model can be significantly improved through the use of a combination of modified values for the closure coefficients. Additionally, the initial validation studies reveal the inability of the Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) approach to resolve the far wake, and its frailty in simulating tandem body interactions. The Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulations (IDDES) approach can resolve the wakes with a reasonable accuracy. The validated simulation methodology is then applied to the fastback DrivAer model at different longitudinal spacing. The results show that, as the longitudinal spacing is reduced, the trailing car’s drag is increased while the leading car’s drag is decreased which supports prior explanations of vortex impingement as the reason for drag changes. Additionally, unlike the case of platooning involving Ahmed bodies, the trailing model drag does not return to an isolated state value at a two car-length separation. However, the impact of the resolution of the far wake of a detailed DrivAer model, and its implication on the CFD characterization of vehicle interaction aerodynamics need further investigations.Charles Patrick BoundsSudhan RajasekarMesbah UddinMDPI AGarticleground vehicleDrivAerexternal aerodynamicsplatooningCFDdrag reductionThermodynamicsQC310.15-319Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENFluids, Vol 6, Iss 404, p 404 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	ground vehicle DrivAer external aerodynamics platooning CFD drag reduction Thermodynamics QC310.15-319 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	ground vehicle DrivAer external aerodynamics platooning CFD drag reduction Thermodynamics QC310.15-319 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Charles Patrick Bounds Sudhan Rajasekar Mesbah Uddin Development of a Numerical Investigation Framework for Ground Vehicle Platooning
description	This paper presents a study on the flow dynamics involving vehicle interactions. In order to do so, this study first explores aerodynamic prediction capabilities of popular turbulence models used in computational fluid dynamics simulations involving tandem objects and thus, ultimately presents a framework for CFD simulations of ground vehicle platooning using a realistic vehicle model, DrivAer. Considering the availability of experimental data, the simulation methodology is first developed using a tandem arrangement of surface-mounted cubes which requires an understanding on the role of turbulence models and the impacts of the associated turbulence model closure coefficients on the prediction veracity. It was observed that the prediction accuracy of the SST <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>ω</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> turbulence model can be significantly improved through the use of a combination of modified values for the closure coefficients. Additionally, the initial validation studies reveal the inability of the Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) approach to resolve the far wake, and its frailty in simulating tandem body interactions. The Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulations (IDDES) approach can resolve the wakes with a reasonable accuracy. The validated simulation methodology is then applied to the fastback DrivAer model at different longitudinal spacing. The results show that, as the longitudinal spacing is reduced, the trailing car’s drag is increased while the leading car’s drag is decreased which supports prior explanations of vortex impingement as the reason for drag changes. Additionally, unlike the case of platooning involving Ahmed bodies, the trailing model drag does not return to an isolated state value at a two car-length separation. However, the impact of the resolution of the far wake of a detailed DrivAer model, and its implication on the CFD characterization of vehicle interaction aerodynamics need further investigations.
format	article
author	Charles Patrick Bounds Sudhan Rajasekar Mesbah Uddin
author_facet	Charles Patrick Bounds Sudhan Rajasekar Mesbah Uddin
author_sort	Charles Patrick Bounds
title	Development of a Numerical Investigation Framework for Ground Vehicle Platooning
title_short	Development of a Numerical Investigation Framework for Ground Vehicle Platooning
title_full	Development of a Numerical Investigation Framework for Ground Vehicle Platooning
title_fullStr	Development of a Numerical Investigation Framework for Ground Vehicle Platooning
title_full_unstemmed	Development of a Numerical Investigation Framework for Ground Vehicle Platooning
title_sort	development of a numerical investigation framework for ground vehicle platooning
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4cf59ef6102847e18fc2ce179c763a99
work_keys_str_mv	AT charlespatrickbounds developmentofanumericalinvestigationframeworkforgroundvehicleplatooning AT sudhanrajasekar developmentofanumericalinvestigationframeworkforgroundvehicleplatooning AT mesbahuddin developmentofanumericalinvestigationframeworkforgroundvehicleplatooning
_version_	1718412221326819328

Development of a Numerical Investigation Framework for Ground Vehicle Platooning

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