Epidemiology and clinical features of flea-borne rickettsioses

Murine typhus is a flea-borne rickettsiosis caused by Rickettsia typhi. The disease is endemic to tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world. It is likely vastly under-recognized as a cause of febrile illness. Rats serve as the classic reservoir and transmit the bacterium to their fleas –...

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Autor principal:	Lucas Scott Blanton
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Universidad de Antioquia 2017
Materias:	Animal culture SF1-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4d359435f4f94e1f8f21c7122563bb80
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4d359435f4f94e1f8f21c7122563bb802021-12-01T14:21:57ZEpidemiology and clinical features of flea-borne rickettsioses2256-2958https://doaj.org/article/4d359435f4f94e1f8f21c7122563bb802017-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://revistas.udea.edu.co/index.php/rccp/article/view/330595https://doaj.org/toc/2256-2958Murine typhus is a flea-borne rickettsiosis caused by Rickettsia typhi. The disease is endemic to tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world. It is likely vastly under-recognized as a cause of febrile illness. Rats serve as the classic reservoir and transmit the bacterium to their fleas –Xenopsylla cheopis. In North America, an alternate cycle of transmission has been identified involving opossums and Ctenocephalides felis. Disease manifests as an undifferentiated febrile illness, similar to a host of other community acquired or vector-borne infectious diseases. Accompanying symptoms often include headache, myalgias, nausea, and vomiting. On physical exam, rash is present in only 50%. When rash is absent, clinicians often neglect to consider a rickettsial illness. Laboratory abnormalities include elevated hepatic transaminases, thrombocytopenia, and hyponatremia. Serology is the mainstay of diagnosis, and doxycycline is the medication of choice. Rickettsia felis, transmitted by Ct. felis, is described as causing a febrile illness similar to murine typhus and other rickettsioses. More recent descriptions identifying the presence of R. feliz DNA within febrile and afebrile subjects in sub-Saharan Africa, in those with malaria, and in a variety of environmental samples has raised intriguing questions regarding the pathogenicity of the organism. Other R. felix-like organisms have been detected and isolated from fleas, but the role of these organisms in human disease is currently unknown.Lucas Scott BlantonUniversidad de AntioquiaarticleAnimal cultureSF1-1100ENRevista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias, Vol 30, Pp 264-264 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Animal culture SF1-1100
spellingShingle	Animal culture SF1-1100 Lucas Scott Blanton Epidemiology and clinical features of flea-borne rickettsioses
description	Murine typhus is a flea-borne rickettsiosis caused by Rickettsia typhi. The disease is endemic to tropical and subtropical regions throughout the world. It is likely vastly under-recognized as a cause of febrile illness. Rats serve as the classic reservoir and transmit the bacterium to their fleas –Xenopsylla cheopis. In North America, an alternate cycle of transmission has been identified involving opossums and Ctenocephalides felis. Disease manifests as an undifferentiated febrile illness, similar to a host of other community acquired or vector-borne infectious diseases. Accompanying symptoms often include headache, myalgias, nausea, and vomiting. On physical exam, rash is present in only 50%. When rash is absent, clinicians often neglect to consider a rickettsial illness. Laboratory abnormalities include elevated hepatic transaminases, thrombocytopenia, and hyponatremia. Serology is the mainstay of diagnosis, and doxycycline is the medication of choice. Rickettsia felis, transmitted by Ct. felis, is described as causing a febrile illness similar to murine typhus and other rickettsioses. More recent descriptions identifying the presence of R. feliz DNA within febrile and afebrile subjects in sub-Saharan Africa, in those with malaria, and in a variety of environmental samples has raised intriguing questions regarding the pathogenicity of the organism. Other R. felix-like organisms have been detected and isolated from fleas, but the role of these organisms in human disease is currently unknown.
format	article
author	Lucas Scott Blanton
author_facet	Lucas Scott Blanton
author_sort	Lucas Scott Blanton
title	Epidemiology and clinical features of flea-borne rickettsioses
title_short	Epidemiology and clinical features of flea-borne rickettsioses
title_full	Epidemiology and clinical features of flea-borne rickettsioses
title_fullStr	Epidemiology and clinical features of flea-borne rickettsioses
title_full_unstemmed	Epidemiology and clinical features of flea-borne rickettsioses
title_sort	epidemiology and clinical features of flea-borne rickettsioses
publisher	Universidad de Antioquia
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/4d359435f4f94e1f8f21c7122563bb80
work_keys_str_mv	AT lucasscottblanton epidemiologyandclinicalfeaturesoffleabornerickettsioses
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Epidemiology and clinical features of flea-borne rickettsioses

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