Effect of mast cell stabilization on angiogenesis in primary and secondary experimental Trichinella spiralis infection

Abstract Background Mast cells are known to affect the primary and secondary immune responses against parasites, and this effect is partially mediated through the release of pro-angiogenic mediators. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of the mast cell stabilizer (MCS), ketotifen, with a...

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Autores principales:	Marwa A. EL-Dardiry, Amany A. Abdel-Aal, Magda S. A. Abdeltawab, Mona El-Sherbini, Marwa A. Hassan, Asmaa A. Abdel-Aal, Manal Badawi, Shady E. Anis, Bahaa-Eldin A. Khaled, Abeer S. Al-Antably
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	T. spiralis Mast cells Ketotifen Albendazole Angiogenesis VEGF Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4d9450eea11f49638ede795061f97ec4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4d9450eea11f49638ede795061f97ec42021-11-08T10:57:15ZEffect of mast cell stabilization on angiogenesis in primary and secondary experimental Trichinella spiralis infection10.1186/s13071-021-05075-91756-3305https://doaj.org/article/4d9450eea11f49638ede795061f97ec42021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-021-05075-9https://doaj.org/toc/1756-3305Abstract Background Mast cells are known to affect the primary and secondary immune responses against parasites, and this effect is partially mediated through the release of pro-angiogenic mediators. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of the mast cell stabilizer (MCS), ketotifen, with and without albendazole, an anti-parasitic prescription medicine, on the inflammatory response against Trichinella spiralis, with the overall aim to investigate its effect on angiogenesis accompanying nurse cell formation. Methods The effect of ketotifen and albendazole was explored in eight groups of female BALB/c mice. Four groups were sensitized with a small dose of T. spiralis larvae. The drug regimen was then applied to both sensitized (challenged) and non-sensitized mice. The parasite load was assessed by histopathological examination of the small intestine and muscle tissue, and angiogenesis was assessed by immunohistochemistry to determine the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Results Sensitized mice showed a significantly lower parasite load and a more pronounced inflammatory response than mice receiving a single infective dose of T. spiralis larvae. All treated groups showed a significant reduction in parasite count compared to the control groups (groups IAa and IBa), reaching approximately an 98.8% reduction in adult parasite count in the sensitized group treated with albendazole (groups IIAb and IIBb). MCS significantly decreased the parasite count during both the intestinal or muscular phases, reduced tissue inflammation, and decreased local VEGF expression, both in the non-sensitized and sensitized groups. Conclusion Sensitization with a low dose of T. spiralis larvae was found to confer a partial protective immunity against re-infection and to positively affect the study outcomes, thus underlining the importance of vaccination, but after extensive studies. The anti-angiogenic effect of MCS protects against larval encystation during the muscle phase. The anti-angiogenic potential of albendazole suggests that the action of this anti-helminthic during trichinellosis is not confined to structural damage to the parasite cuticle but includes an effect on host immunopathological response. Graphical AbstractMarwa A. EL-DardiryAmany A. Abdel-AalMagda S. A. AbdeltawabMona El-SherbiniMarwa A. HassanAsmaa A. Abdel-AalManal BadawiShady E. AnisBahaa-Eldin A. KhaledAbeer S. Al-AntablyBMCarticleT. spiralisMast cellsKetotifenAlbendazoleAngiogenesisVEGFInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENParasites & Vectors, Vol 14, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	T. spiralis Mast cells Ketotifen Albendazole Angiogenesis VEGF Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	T. spiralis Mast cells Ketotifen Albendazole Angiogenesis VEGF Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Marwa A. EL-Dardiry Amany A. Abdel-Aal Magda S. A. Abdeltawab Mona El-Sherbini Marwa A. Hassan Asmaa A. Abdel-Aal Manal Badawi Shady E. Anis Bahaa-Eldin A. Khaled Abeer S. Al-Antably Effect of mast cell stabilization on angiogenesis in primary and secondary experimental Trichinella spiralis infection
description	Abstract Background Mast cells are known to affect the primary and secondary immune responses against parasites, and this effect is partially mediated through the release of pro-angiogenic mediators. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of the mast cell stabilizer (MCS), ketotifen, with and without albendazole, an anti-parasitic prescription medicine, on the inflammatory response against Trichinella spiralis, with the overall aim to investigate its effect on angiogenesis accompanying nurse cell formation. Methods The effect of ketotifen and albendazole was explored in eight groups of female BALB/c mice. Four groups were sensitized with a small dose of T. spiralis larvae. The drug regimen was then applied to both sensitized (challenged) and non-sensitized mice. The parasite load was assessed by histopathological examination of the small intestine and muscle tissue, and angiogenesis was assessed by immunohistochemistry to determine the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Results Sensitized mice showed a significantly lower parasite load and a more pronounced inflammatory response than mice receiving a single infective dose of T. spiralis larvae. All treated groups showed a significant reduction in parasite count compared to the control groups (groups IAa and IBa), reaching approximately an 98.8% reduction in adult parasite count in the sensitized group treated with albendazole (groups IIAb and IIBb). MCS significantly decreased the parasite count during both the intestinal or muscular phases, reduced tissue inflammation, and decreased local VEGF expression, both in the non-sensitized and sensitized groups. Conclusion Sensitization with a low dose of T. spiralis larvae was found to confer a partial protective immunity against re-infection and to positively affect the study outcomes, thus underlining the importance of vaccination, but after extensive studies. The anti-angiogenic effect of MCS protects against larval encystation during the muscle phase. The anti-angiogenic potential of albendazole suggests that the action of this anti-helminthic during trichinellosis is not confined to structural damage to the parasite cuticle but includes an effect on host immunopathological response. Graphical Abstract
format	article
author	Marwa A. EL-Dardiry Amany A. Abdel-Aal Magda S. A. Abdeltawab Mona El-Sherbini Marwa A. Hassan Asmaa A. Abdel-Aal Manal Badawi Shady E. Anis Bahaa-Eldin A. Khaled Abeer S. Al-Antably
author_facet	Marwa A. EL-Dardiry Amany A. Abdel-Aal Magda S. A. Abdeltawab Mona El-Sherbini Marwa A. Hassan Asmaa A. Abdel-Aal Manal Badawi Shady E. Anis Bahaa-Eldin A. Khaled Abeer S. Al-Antably
author_sort	Marwa A. EL-Dardiry
title	Effect of mast cell stabilization on angiogenesis in primary and secondary experimental Trichinella spiralis infection
title_short	Effect of mast cell stabilization on angiogenesis in primary and secondary experimental Trichinella spiralis infection
title_full	Effect of mast cell stabilization on angiogenesis in primary and secondary experimental Trichinella spiralis infection
title_fullStr	Effect of mast cell stabilization on angiogenesis in primary and secondary experimental Trichinella spiralis infection
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of mast cell stabilization on angiogenesis in primary and secondary experimental Trichinella spiralis infection
title_sort	effect of mast cell stabilization on angiogenesis in primary and secondary experimental trichinella spiralis infection
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4d9450eea11f49638ede795061f97ec4
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Effect of mast cell stabilization on angiogenesis in primary and secondary experimental Trichinella spiralis infection

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