Identification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala

Abnormality of fear memory is one of the important pathogenic factors leading to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorder, and other mental disorders. Clinically, although exposure therapy, which is based on the principle of fear memory extinction, has a certain effect on these diseas...

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Autores principales:	Jinfeng Su, Pingping Li, Qishuai Zhuang, Xing Chen, Xiaoning Zhang, Xiaobing Li, Jingxian Wang, Xiaohan Yu, Yue Wang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	fear memory amygdala extinction retrieval circRNAs competing endogenous RNA Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4dcfea1287e64a239ab0ce8dc72a19f6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4dcfea1287e64a239ab0ce8dc72a19f62021-12-02T11:50:40ZIdentification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala1662-509910.3389/fnmol.2021.778170https://doaj.org/article/4dcfea1287e64a239ab0ce8dc72a19f62021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2021.778170/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1662-5099Abnormality of fear memory is one of the important pathogenic factors leading to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorder, and other mental disorders. Clinically, although exposure therapy, which is based on the principle of fear memory extinction, has a certain effect on these diseases, it still relapses frequently in some cases. These troubles can be effectively solved by retrieving the memory in a certain time window before the extinction of fear memory. Therefore, it is generally believed that the extinction of fear memory is the result of forming new safe memory to competitively inhibit the original fear memory, while the retrieval-extinction operation is the updating or erasure of the original fear memory, thus, which has greater clinical therapeutic potential. However, what are the detailed molecular networks, specifically the circular RNAs (circRNAs), involved in fear memory updating, and the differences with fear extinction, are still unknown. In this study, we systematically observed the expression of mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNA), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circRNAs in the basolateral amygdala of mice after fear memory formation, extinction, and updating by whole-transcriptional sequencing, then a variety of inter-group comparison and bioinformatics analysis were used to find the differential expressed RNAs, enrich the function of them, and construct the molecular interaction networks. Moreover, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) molecular networks and transcriptional regulatory networks for the candidate circRNAs were constructed. Through these analyses, we found that about 10% of molecules were both involved in the fear memory extinction and formation, but the molecules and their signaling pathways were almost completely different between fear memory extinction and updating. This study describes a relatively detailed molecular network for fear memory updating, which might provide some novel directions for further mechanism research, and help to develop a specific physical method for fear memory intervention, based on the regulation of these key molecules.Jinfeng SuJinfeng SuPingping LiQishuai ZhuangXing ChenXiaoning ZhangXiaobing LiJingxian WangXiaohan YuYue WangYue WangFrontiers Media S.A.articlefear memoryamygdalaextinctionretrievalcircRNAscompeting endogenous RNANeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENFrontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Vol 14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	fear memory amygdala extinction retrieval circRNAs competing endogenous RNA Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	fear memory amygdala extinction retrieval circRNAs competing endogenous RNA Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Jinfeng Su Jinfeng Su Pingping Li Qishuai Zhuang Xing Chen Xiaoning Zhang Xiaobing Li Jingxian Wang Xiaohan Yu Yue Wang Yue Wang Identification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala
description	Abnormality of fear memory is one of the important pathogenic factors leading to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorder, and other mental disorders. Clinically, although exposure therapy, which is based on the principle of fear memory extinction, has a certain effect on these diseases, it still relapses frequently in some cases. These troubles can be effectively solved by retrieving the memory in a certain time window before the extinction of fear memory. Therefore, it is generally believed that the extinction of fear memory is the result of forming new safe memory to competitively inhibit the original fear memory, while the retrieval-extinction operation is the updating or erasure of the original fear memory, thus, which has greater clinical therapeutic potential. However, what are the detailed molecular networks, specifically the circular RNAs (circRNAs), involved in fear memory updating, and the differences with fear extinction, are still unknown. In this study, we systematically observed the expression of mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNA), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circRNAs in the basolateral amygdala of mice after fear memory formation, extinction, and updating by whole-transcriptional sequencing, then a variety of inter-group comparison and bioinformatics analysis were used to find the differential expressed RNAs, enrich the function of them, and construct the molecular interaction networks. Moreover, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) molecular networks and transcriptional regulatory networks for the candidate circRNAs were constructed. Through these analyses, we found that about 10% of molecules were both involved in the fear memory extinction and formation, but the molecules and their signaling pathways were almost completely different between fear memory extinction and updating. This study describes a relatively detailed molecular network for fear memory updating, which might provide some novel directions for further mechanism research, and help to develop a specific physical method for fear memory intervention, based on the regulation of these key molecules.
format	article
author	Jinfeng Su Jinfeng Su Pingping Li Qishuai Zhuang Xing Chen Xiaoning Zhang Xiaobing Li Jingxian Wang Xiaohan Yu Yue Wang Yue Wang
author_facet	Jinfeng Su Jinfeng Su Pingping Li Qishuai Zhuang Xing Chen Xiaoning Zhang Xiaobing Li Jingxian Wang Xiaohan Yu Yue Wang Yue Wang
author_sort	Jinfeng Su
title	Identification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala
title_short	Identification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala
title_full	Identification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala
title_fullStr	Identification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala
title_full_unstemmed	Identification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala
title_sort	identification of the similarities and differences of molecular networks associated with fear memory formation, extinction, and updating in the amygdala
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4dcfea1287e64a239ab0ce8dc72a19f6
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Identification of the Similarities and Differences of Molecular Networks Associated With Fear Memory Formation, Extinction, and Updating in the Amygdala

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