A Review of Bacterial Co-Infections in Farmed Catfish: Components, Diagnostics, and Treatment Directions

Catfish production is a major aquaculture industry in the United States and is the largest sector of food fish production. As producers aim to optimize production yields, diseases caused by bacterial pathogens are responsible for high pond mortality rates and economic losses. The major bacterial pat...

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Autores principales:	Allison L. Wise, Benjamin R. LaFrentz, Anita M. Kelly, Lester H. Khoo, Tingbi Xu, Mark R. Liles, Timothy J. Bruce
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	aquaculture fish disease co-infections pathobiology emerging diseases Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4ddc76b280b3482fbbf4d358894e08fc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4ddc76b280b3482fbbf4d358894e08fc2021-11-25T16:19:45ZA Review of Bacterial Co-Infections in Farmed Catfish: Components, Diagnostics, and Treatment Directions10.3390/ani111132402076-2615https://doaj.org/article/4ddc76b280b3482fbbf4d358894e08fc2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/11/3240https://doaj.org/toc/2076-2615Catfish production is a major aquaculture industry in the United States and is the largest sector of food fish production. As producers aim to optimize production yields, diseases caused by bacterial pathogens are responsible for high pond mortality rates and economic losses. The major bacterial pathogens responsible are <i>Edwardsiella ictaluri</i>, <i>Aeromonas</i> spp., and <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i>. Given the outdoor pond culture environments and ubiquitous nature of these aquatic pathogens, there have been many reports of co-infective bacterial infections within this aquaculture sector. Co-infections may be responsible for altering disease infection mechanics, increasing mortality rates, and creating difficulties for disease management plans. Furthermore, proper diagnoses of primary and secondary pathogens are essential in ensuring the correct treatment approaches for antimicrobials and chemical applications. A thorough understanding of the interactions and infectivity dynamics for these warm water bacterial pathogens will allow for the adoption of new prevention and control methods, particularly in vaccine development. This review aims to provide an overview of co-infective pathogens in catfish culture and present diagnostic case data from Mississippi and Alabama to define prevalence for these multiple-species infections better.Allison L. WiseBenjamin R. LaFrentzAnita M. KellyLester H. KhooTingbi XuMark R. LilesTimothy J. BruceMDPI AGarticleaquaculturefish diseaseco-infectionspathobiologyemerging diseasesVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ZoologyQL1-991ENAnimals, Vol 11, Iss 3240, p 3240 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	aquaculture fish disease co-infections pathobiology emerging diseases Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991
spellingShingle	aquaculture fish disease co-infections pathobiology emerging diseases Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Zoology QL1-991 Allison L. Wise Benjamin R. LaFrentz Anita M. Kelly Lester H. Khoo Tingbi Xu Mark R. Liles Timothy J. Bruce A Review of Bacterial Co-Infections in Farmed Catfish: Components, Diagnostics, and Treatment Directions
description	Catfish production is a major aquaculture industry in the United States and is the largest sector of food fish production. As producers aim to optimize production yields, diseases caused by bacterial pathogens are responsible for high pond mortality rates and economic losses. The major bacterial pathogens responsible are <i>Edwardsiella ictaluri</i>, <i>Aeromonas</i> spp., and <i>Flavobacterium columnare</i>. Given the outdoor pond culture environments and ubiquitous nature of these aquatic pathogens, there have been many reports of co-infective bacterial infections within this aquaculture sector. Co-infections may be responsible for altering disease infection mechanics, increasing mortality rates, and creating difficulties for disease management plans. Furthermore, proper diagnoses of primary and secondary pathogens are essential in ensuring the correct treatment approaches for antimicrobials and chemical applications. A thorough understanding of the interactions and infectivity dynamics for these warm water bacterial pathogens will allow for the adoption of new prevention and control methods, particularly in vaccine development. This review aims to provide an overview of co-infective pathogens in catfish culture and present diagnostic case data from Mississippi and Alabama to define prevalence for these multiple-species infections better.
format	article
author	Allison L. Wise Benjamin R. LaFrentz Anita M. Kelly Lester H. Khoo Tingbi Xu Mark R. Liles Timothy J. Bruce
author_facet	Allison L. Wise Benjamin R. LaFrentz Anita M. Kelly Lester H. Khoo Tingbi Xu Mark R. Liles Timothy J. Bruce
author_sort	Allison L. Wise
title	A Review of Bacterial Co-Infections in Farmed Catfish: Components, Diagnostics, and Treatment Directions
title_short	A Review of Bacterial Co-Infections in Farmed Catfish: Components, Diagnostics, and Treatment Directions
title_full	A Review of Bacterial Co-Infections in Farmed Catfish: Components, Diagnostics, and Treatment Directions
title_fullStr	A Review of Bacterial Co-Infections in Farmed Catfish: Components, Diagnostics, and Treatment Directions
title_full_unstemmed	A Review of Bacterial Co-Infections in Farmed Catfish: Components, Diagnostics, and Treatment Directions
title_sort	review of bacterial co-infections in farmed catfish: components, diagnostics, and treatment directions
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4ddc76b280b3482fbbf4d358894e08fc
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A Review of Bacterial Co-Infections in Farmed Catfish: Components, Diagnostics, and Treatment Directions

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