Accumulation and Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Functionalized with <i>Spirulina platensis</i> on Rats

The effect of unmodified and functionalized <i>Spirulina platensis</i> biomass silver nanoparticles on rats during prolonged oral administration was assessed. Silver nanoparticles were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy, while their uptake by the biomass was confirme...

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Autores principales:	Ludmila Rudi, Inga Zinicovscaia, Liliana Cepoi, Tatiana Chiriac, Alexandra Peshkova, Anastasia Cepoi, Dmitrii Grozdov
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Spirulina platensis</i> silver nanoparticles hematological indices biochemical parameters neutron activation analysis Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4de6413363e0489e9e020f5361d85aa6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4de6413363e0489e9e020f5361d85aa62021-11-25T18:31:29ZAccumulation and Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Functionalized with <i>Spirulina platensis</i> on Rats10.3390/nano111129922079-4991https://doaj.org/article/4de6413363e0489e9e020f5361d85aa62021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2992https://doaj.org/toc/2079-4991The effect of unmodified and functionalized <i>Spirulina platensis</i> biomass silver nanoparticles on rats during prolonged oral administration was assessed. Silver nanoparticles were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy, while their uptake by the biomass was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive analysis. The content of silver in the different organs of rats after a period of administration (28 days) or after an additional clearance period (28 days) was ascertained by using neutron activation analysis. In animals administrated with the unmodified nanoparticles, the highest content of silver was determined in the brain and kidneys, while in animals administrated with AgNP-Spirulina, silver was mainly accumulated in the brain and testicles. After the clearance period, silver was excreted rapidly from the spleen and kidneys; however, the excretion from the brain was very low, regardless of the type of nanoparticles. Hematological and biochemical tests were performed in order to reveal the effect of nanoparticles on rats. The difference in the content of eosinophils in the experimental and control groups was statistically significant. The hematological indices of the rats did not change significantly under the action of the silver nanoparticles except for the content of reticulocytes and eosinophils, which increased significantly. Changes in the biochemical parameters did not exceed the limits of normal values. Silver nanoparticles with the sizes of 8–20 nm can penetrate the blood–brain barrier, and their persistence after a period of clearance indicated the irreversibility of this process.Ludmila RudiInga ZinicovscaiaLiliana CepoiTatiana ChiriacAlexandra PeshkovaAnastasia CepoiDmitrii GrozdovMDPI AGarticle<i>Spirulina platensis</i>silver nanoparticleshematological indicesbiochemical parametersneutron activation analysisChemistryQD1-999ENNanomaterials, Vol 11, Iss 2992, p 2992 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Spirulina platensis</i> silver nanoparticles hematological indices biochemical parameters neutron activation analysis Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	<i>Spirulina platensis</i> silver nanoparticles hematological indices biochemical parameters neutron activation analysis Chemistry QD1-999 Ludmila Rudi Inga Zinicovscaia Liliana Cepoi Tatiana Chiriac Alexandra Peshkova Anastasia Cepoi Dmitrii Grozdov Accumulation and Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Functionalized with <i>Spirulina platensis</i> on Rats
description	The effect of unmodified and functionalized <i>Spirulina platensis</i> biomass silver nanoparticles on rats during prolonged oral administration was assessed. Silver nanoparticles were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy, while their uptake by the biomass was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive analysis. The content of silver in the different organs of rats after a period of administration (28 days) or after an additional clearance period (28 days) was ascertained by using neutron activation analysis. In animals administrated with the unmodified nanoparticles, the highest content of silver was determined in the brain and kidneys, while in animals administrated with AgNP-Spirulina, silver was mainly accumulated in the brain and testicles. After the clearance period, silver was excreted rapidly from the spleen and kidneys; however, the excretion from the brain was very low, regardless of the type of nanoparticles. Hematological and biochemical tests were performed in order to reveal the effect of nanoparticles on rats. The difference in the content of eosinophils in the experimental and control groups was statistically significant. The hematological indices of the rats did not change significantly under the action of the silver nanoparticles except for the content of reticulocytes and eosinophils, which increased significantly. Changes in the biochemical parameters did not exceed the limits of normal values. Silver nanoparticles with the sizes of 8–20 nm can penetrate the blood–brain barrier, and their persistence after a period of clearance indicated the irreversibility of this process.
format	article
author	Ludmila Rudi Inga Zinicovscaia Liliana Cepoi Tatiana Chiriac Alexandra Peshkova Anastasia Cepoi Dmitrii Grozdov
author_facet	Ludmila Rudi Inga Zinicovscaia Liliana Cepoi Tatiana Chiriac Alexandra Peshkova Anastasia Cepoi Dmitrii Grozdov
author_sort	Ludmila Rudi
title	Accumulation and Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Functionalized with <i>Spirulina platensis</i> on Rats
title_short	Accumulation and Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Functionalized with <i>Spirulina platensis</i> on Rats
title_full	Accumulation and Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Functionalized with <i>Spirulina platensis</i> on Rats
title_fullStr	Accumulation and Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Functionalized with <i>Spirulina platensis</i> on Rats
title_full_unstemmed	Accumulation and Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Functionalized with <i>Spirulina platensis</i> on Rats
title_sort	accumulation and effect of silver nanoparticles functionalized with <i>spirulina platensis</i> on rats
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4de6413363e0489e9e020f5361d85aa6
work_keys_str_mv	AT ludmilarudi accumulationandeffectofsilvernanoparticlesfunctionalizedwithispirulinaplatensisionrats AT ingazinicovscaia accumulationandeffectofsilvernanoparticlesfunctionalizedwithispirulinaplatensisionrats AT lilianacepoi accumulationandeffectofsilvernanoparticlesfunctionalizedwithispirulinaplatensisionrats AT tatianachiriac accumulationandeffectofsilvernanoparticlesfunctionalizedwithispirulinaplatensisionrats AT alexandrapeshkova accumulationandeffectofsilvernanoparticlesfunctionalizedwithispirulinaplatensisionrats AT anastasiacepoi accumulationandeffectofsilvernanoparticlesfunctionalizedwithispirulinaplatensisionrats AT dmitriigrozdov accumulationandeffectofsilvernanoparticlesfunctionalizedwithispirulinaplatensisionrats
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Accumulation and Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Functionalized with <i>Spirulina platensis</i> on Rats

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