High altitude hunting, climate change, and pastoral resilience in eastern Eurasia
Abstract The transition from hunting to herding transformed the cold, arid steppes of Mongolia and Eastern Eurasia into a key social and economic center of the ancient world, but a fragmentary archaeological record limits our understanding of the subsistence base for early pastoral societies in this...
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Nature Portfolio
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:4dfdd6a5f01c4cff95276845701db2432021-12-02T18:30:58ZHigh altitude hunting, climate change, and pastoral resilience in eastern Eurasia10.1038/s41598-021-93765-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/4dfdd6a5f01c4cff95276845701db2432021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93765-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The transition from hunting to herding transformed the cold, arid steppes of Mongolia and Eastern Eurasia into a key social and economic center of the ancient world, but a fragmentary archaeological record limits our understanding of the subsistence base for early pastoral societies in this key region. Organic material preserved in high mountain ice provides rare snapshots into the use of alpine and high altitude zones, which played a central role in the emergence of East Asian pastoralism. Here, we present the results of the first archaeological survey of melting ice margins in the Altai Mountains of western Mongolia, revealing a near-continuous record of more than 3500 years of human activity. Osteology, radiocarbon dating, and collagen fingerprinting analysis of wooden projectiles, animal bone, and other artifacts indicate that big-game hunting and exploitation of alpine ice played a significant role during the emergence of mobile pastoralism in the Altai, and remained a core element of pastoral adaptation into the modern era. Extensive ice melting and loss of wildlife in the study area over recent decades, driven by a warming climate, poaching, and poorly regulated hunting, presents an urgent threat to the future viability of herding lifeways and the archaeological record of hunting in montane zones.William TaylorIsaac HartCaleb PanJamsranjav BayarsaikhanJames MurdochGino CaspariMichael KlingeKristen PearsonUmirbyek BikhumarSvetlana ShnaiderAida AbdykanovaPeter BittnerMuhammad ZahirNicholas JarmanMark WilliamsDevin PettigrewMichael PetragliaCraig LeeE. James DixonNicole BoivinNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021) |
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Medicine R Science Q William Taylor Isaac Hart Caleb Pan Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan James Murdoch Gino Caspari Michael Klinge Kristen Pearson Umirbyek Bikhumar Svetlana Shnaider Aida Abdykanova Peter Bittner Muhammad Zahir Nicholas Jarman Mark Williams Devin Pettigrew Michael Petraglia Craig Lee E. James Dixon Nicole Boivin High altitude hunting, climate change, and pastoral resilience in eastern Eurasia |
| description |
Abstract The transition from hunting to herding transformed the cold, arid steppes of Mongolia and Eastern Eurasia into a key social and economic center of the ancient world, but a fragmentary archaeological record limits our understanding of the subsistence base for early pastoral societies in this key region. Organic material preserved in high mountain ice provides rare snapshots into the use of alpine and high altitude zones, which played a central role in the emergence of East Asian pastoralism. Here, we present the results of the first archaeological survey of melting ice margins in the Altai Mountains of western Mongolia, revealing a near-continuous record of more than 3500 years of human activity. Osteology, radiocarbon dating, and collagen fingerprinting analysis of wooden projectiles, animal bone, and other artifacts indicate that big-game hunting and exploitation of alpine ice played a significant role during the emergence of mobile pastoralism in the Altai, and remained a core element of pastoral adaptation into the modern era. Extensive ice melting and loss of wildlife in the study area over recent decades, driven by a warming climate, poaching, and poorly regulated hunting, presents an urgent threat to the future viability of herding lifeways and the archaeological record of hunting in montane zones. |
| format |
article |
| author |
William Taylor Isaac Hart Caleb Pan Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan James Murdoch Gino Caspari Michael Klinge Kristen Pearson Umirbyek Bikhumar Svetlana Shnaider Aida Abdykanova Peter Bittner Muhammad Zahir Nicholas Jarman Mark Williams Devin Pettigrew Michael Petraglia Craig Lee E. James Dixon Nicole Boivin |
| author_facet |
William Taylor Isaac Hart Caleb Pan Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan James Murdoch Gino Caspari Michael Klinge Kristen Pearson Umirbyek Bikhumar Svetlana Shnaider Aida Abdykanova Peter Bittner Muhammad Zahir Nicholas Jarman Mark Williams Devin Pettigrew Michael Petraglia Craig Lee E. James Dixon Nicole Boivin |
| author_sort |
William Taylor |
| title |
High altitude hunting, climate change, and pastoral resilience in eastern Eurasia |
| title_short |
High altitude hunting, climate change, and pastoral resilience in eastern Eurasia |
| title_full |
High altitude hunting, climate change, and pastoral resilience in eastern Eurasia |
| title_fullStr |
High altitude hunting, climate change, and pastoral resilience in eastern Eurasia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
High altitude hunting, climate change, and pastoral resilience in eastern Eurasia |
| title_sort |
high altitude hunting, climate change, and pastoral resilience in eastern eurasia |
| publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/4dfdd6a5f01c4cff95276845701db243 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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