Saving superconducting quantum processors from decay and correlated errors generated by gamma and cosmic rays

Abstract Error-corrected quantum computers can only work if errors are small and uncorrelated. Here, I show how cosmic rays or stray background radiation affects superconducting qubits by modeling the phonon to electron/quasiparticle down-conversion physics. For present designs, the model predicts a...

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Autor principal:	John M. Martinis
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Physics QC1-999 Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4e097acef3024c9aae5ec18c56f80155
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4e097acef3024c9aae5ec18c56f801552021-12-02T17:51:14ZSaving superconducting quantum processors from decay and correlated errors generated by gamma and cosmic rays10.1038/s41534-021-00431-02056-6387https://doaj.org/article/4e097acef3024c9aae5ec18c56f801552021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-021-00431-0https://doaj.org/toc/2056-6387Abstract Error-corrected quantum computers can only work if errors are small and uncorrelated. Here, I show how cosmic rays or stray background radiation affects superconducting qubits by modeling the phonon to electron/quasiparticle down-conversion physics. For present designs, the model predicts about 57% of the radiation energy breaks Cooper pairs into quasiparticles, which then vigorously suppress the qubit energy relaxation time (T 1 ~ 600 ns) over a large area (cm) and for a long time (ms). Such large and correlated decay kills error correction. Using this quantitative model, I show how this energy can be channeled away from the qubit so that this error mechanism can be reduced by many orders of magnitude. I also comment on how this affects other solid-state qubits.John M. MartinisNature PortfolioarticlePhysicsQC1-999Electronic computers. Computer scienceQA75.5-76.95ENnpj Quantum Information, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Physics QC1-999 Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95
spellingShingle	Physics QC1-999 Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95 John M. Martinis Saving superconducting quantum processors from decay and correlated errors generated by gamma and cosmic rays
description	Abstract Error-corrected quantum computers can only work if errors are small and uncorrelated. Here, I show how cosmic rays or stray background radiation affects superconducting qubits by modeling the phonon to electron/quasiparticle down-conversion physics. For present designs, the model predicts about 57% of the radiation energy breaks Cooper pairs into quasiparticles, which then vigorously suppress the qubit energy relaxation time (T 1 ~ 600 ns) over a large area (cm) and for a long time (ms). Such large and correlated decay kills error correction. Using this quantitative model, I show how this energy can be channeled away from the qubit so that this error mechanism can be reduced by many orders of magnitude. I also comment on how this affects other solid-state qubits.
format	article
author	John M. Martinis
author_facet	John M. Martinis
author_sort	John M. Martinis
title	Saving superconducting quantum processors from decay and correlated errors generated by gamma and cosmic rays
title_short	Saving superconducting quantum processors from decay and correlated errors generated by gamma and cosmic rays
title_full	Saving superconducting quantum processors from decay and correlated errors generated by gamma and cosmic rays
title_fullStr	Saving superconducting quantum processors from decay and correlated errors generated by gamma and cosmic rays
title_full_unstemmed	Saving superconducting quantum processors from decay and correlated errors generated by gamma and cosmic rays
title_sort	saving superconducting quantum processors from decay and correlated errors generated by gamma and cosmic rays
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4e097acef3024c9aae5ec18c56f80155
work_keys_str_mv	AT johnmmartinis savingsuperconductingquantumprocessorsfromdecayandcorrelatederrorsgeneratedbygammaandcosmicrays
_version_	1718379284251279360

Saving superconducting quantum processors from decay and correlated errors generated by gamma and cosmic rays

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