Cortical depth dependent functional responses in humans at 7T: improved specificity with 3D GRASE.

Ultra high fields (7T and above) allow functional imaging with high contrast-to-noise ratios and improved spatial resolution. This, along with improved hardware and imaging techniques, allow investigating columnar and laminar functional responses. Using gradient-echo (GE) (T2* weighted) based sequen...

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Autores principales:	Federico De Martino, Jan Zimmermann, Lars Muckli, Kamil Ugurbil, Essa Yacoub, Rainer Goebel
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4e1ac55c11274759863e5c1ca1d249a5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4e1ac55c11274759863e5c1ca1d249a52021-11-18T07:52:11ZCortical depth dependent functional responses in humans at 7T: improved specificity with 3D GRASE.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0060514https://doaj.org/article/4e1ac55c11274759863e5c1ca1d249a52013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23533682/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Ultra high fields (7T and above) allow functional imaging with high contrast-to-noise ratios and improved spatial resolution. This, along with improved hardware and imaging techniques, allow investigating columnar and laminar functional responses. Using gradient-echo (GE) (T2* weighted) based sequences, layer specific responses have been recorded from human (and animal) primary visual areas. However, their increased sensitivity to large surface veins potentially clouds detecting and interpreting layer specific responses. Conversely, spin-echo (SE) (T2 weighted) sequences are less sensitive to large veins and have been used to map cortical columns in humans. T2 weighted 3D GRASE with inner volume selection provides high isotropic resolution over extended volumes, overcoming some of the many technical limitations of conventional 2D SE-EPI, whereby making layer specific investigations feasible. Further, the demonstration of columnar level specificity with 3D GRASE, despite contributions from both stimulated echoes and conventional T2 contrast, has made it an attractive alternative over 2D SE-EPI. Here, we assess the spatial specificity of cortical depth dependent 3D GRASE functional responses in human V1 and hMT by comparing it to GE responses. In doing so we demonstrate that 3D GRASE is less sensitive to contributions from large veins in superficial layers, while showing increased specificity (functional tuning) throughout the cortex compared to GE.Federico De MartinoJan ZimmermannLars MuckliKamil UgurbilEssa YacoubRainer GoebelPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 3, p e60514 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Federico De Martino Jan Zimmermann Lars Muckli Kamil Ugurbil Essa Yacoub Rainer Goebel Cortical depth dependent functional responses in humans at 7T: improved specificity with 3D GRASE.
description	Ultra high fields (7T and above) allow functional imaging with high contrast-to-noise ratios and improved spatial resolution. This, along with improved hardware and imaging techniques, allow investigating columnar and laminar functional responses. Using gradient-echo (GE) (T2* weighted) based sequences, layer specific responses have been recorded from human (and animal) primary visual areas. However, their increased sensitivity to large surface veins potentially clouds detecting and interpreting layer specific responses. Conversely, spin-echo (SE) (T2 weighted) sequences are less sensitive to large veins and have been used to map cortical columns in humans. T2 weighted 3D GRASE with inner volume selection provides high isotropic resolution over extended volumes, overcoming some of the many technical limitations of conventional 2D SE-EPI, whereby making layer specific investigations feasible. Further, the demonstration of columnar level specificity with 3D GRASE, despite contributions from both stimulated echoes and conventional T2 contrast, has made it an attractive alternative over 2D SE-EPI. Here, we assess the spatial specificity of cortical depth dependent 3D GRASE functional responses in human V1 and hMT by comparing it to GE responses. In doing so we demonstrate that 3D GRASE is less sensitive to contributions from large veins in superficial layers, while showing increased specificity (functional tuning) throughout the cortex compared to GE.
format	article
author	Federico De Martino Jan Zimmermann Lars Muckli Kamil Ugurbil Essa Yacoub Rainer Goebel
author_facet	Federico De Martino Jan Zimmermann Lars Muckli Kamil Ugurbil Essa Yacoub Rainer Goebel
author_sort	Federico De Martino
title	Cortical depth dependent functional responses in humans at 7T: improved specificity with 3D GRASE.
title_short	Cortical depth dependent functional responses in humans at 7T: improved specificity with 3D GRASE.
title_full	Cortical depth dependent functional responses in humans at 7T: improved specificity with 3D GRASE.
title_fullStr	Cortical depth dependent functional responses in humans at 7T: improved specificity with 3D GRASE.
title_full_unstemmed	Cortical depth dependent functional responses in humans at 7T: improved specificity with 3D GRASE.
title_sort	cortical depth dependent functional responses in humans at 7t: improved specificity with 3d grase.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/4e1ac55c11274759863e5c1ca1d249a5
work_keys_str_mv	AT federicodemartino corticaldepthdependentfunctionalresponsesinhumansat7timprovedspecificitywith3dgrase AT janzimmermann corticaldepthdependentfunctionalresponsesinhumansat7timprovedspecificitywith3dgrase AT larsmuckli corticaldepthdependentfunctionalresponsesinhumansat7timprovedspecificitywith3dgrase AT kamilugurbil corticaldepthdependentfunctionalresponsesinhumansat7timprovedspecificitywith3dgrase AT essayacoub corticaldepthdependentfunctionalresponsesinhumansat7timprovedspecificitywith3dgrase AT rainergoebel corticaldepthdependentfunctionalresponsesinhumansat7timprovedspecificitywith3dgrase
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Cortical depth dependent functional responses in humans at 7T: improved specificity with 3D GRASE.

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