Species delimitation in taxonomically difficult fungi: the case of Hymenogaster.

<h4>Background</h4>False truffles are ecologically important as mycorrhizal partners of trees and evolutionarily highly interesting as the result of a shift from epigeous mushroom-like to underground fruiting bodies. Since its first description by Vittadini in 1831, inappropriate species...

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Autores principales:	Benjamin Stielow, Zoltan Bratek, Akos Kund I Orczán, Szabolcs Rudnoy, Gunnar Hensel, Peter Hoffmann, Hans-Peter Klenk, Markus Göker
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4e367f5228044da48169937e3f70eaf5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4e367f5228044da48169937e3f70eaf52021-11-18T06:59:53ZSpecies delimitation in taxonomically difficult fungi: the case of Hymenogaster.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0015614https://doaj.org/article/4e367f5228044da48169937e3f70eaf52011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21311589/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>False truffles are ecologically important as mycorrhizal partners of trees and evolutionarily highly interesting as the result of a shift from epigeous mushroom-like to underground fruiting bodies. Since its first description by Vittadini in 1831, inappropriate species concepts in the highly diverse false truffle genus Hymenogaster has led to continued confusion, caused by a large variety of prevailing taxonomical opinions.<h4>Methodology</h4>In this study, we reconsidered the species delimitations in Hymenogaster based on a comprehensive collection of Central European taxa comprising more than 140 fruiting bodies from 20 years of field work. The ITS rDNA sequence dataset was subjected to phylogenetic analysis as well as clustering optimization using OPTSIL software.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Among distinct species concepts from the literature used to create reference partitions for clustering optimization, the broadest concept resulted in the highest agreement with the ITS data. Our results indicate a highly variable morphology of H. citrinus and H. griseus, most likely linked to environmental influences on the phenology (maturity, habitat, soil type and growing season). In particular, taxa described in the 19(th) century frequently appear as conspecific. Conversely, H. niveus appears as species complex comprising seven cryptic species with almost identical macro- and micromorphology. H. intermedius and H. huthii are described as novel species, each of which with a distinct morphology intermediate between two species complexes. A revised taxonomy for one of the most taxonomically difficult genera of Basidiomycetes is proposed, including an updated identification key. The (semi-)automated selection among species concepts used here is of importance for the revision of taxonomically problematic organism groups in general.Benjamin StielowZoltan BratekAkos Kund I OrczánSzabolcs RudnoyGunnar HenselPeter HoffmannHans-Peter KlenkMarkus GökerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 1, p e15614 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Benjamin Stielow Zoltan Bratek Akos Kund I Orczán Szabolcs Rudnoy Gunnar Hensel Peter Hoffmann Hans-Peter Klenk Markus Göker Species delimitation in taxonomically difficult fungi: the case of Hymenogaster.
description	<h4>Background</h4>False truffles are ecologically important as mycorrhizal partners of trees and evolutionarily highly interesting as the result of a shift from epigeous mushroom-like to underground fruiting bodies. Since its first description by Vittadini in 1831, inappropriate species concepts in the highly diverse false truffle genus Hymenogaster has led to continued confusion, caused by a large variety of prevailing taxonomical opinions.<h4>Methodology</h4>In this study, we reconsidered the species delimitations in Hymenogaster based on a comprehensive collection of Central European taxa comprising more than 140 fruiting bodies from 20 years of field work. The ITS rDNA sequence dataset was subjected to phylogenetic analysis as well as clustering optimization using OPTSIL software.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Among distinct species concepts from the literature used to create reference partitions for clustering optimization, the broadest concept resulted in the highest agreement with the ITS data. Our results indicate a highly variable morphology of H. citrinus and H. griseus, most likely linked to environmental influences on the phenology (maturity, habitat, soil type and growing season). In particular, taxa described in the 19(th) century frequently appear as conspecific. Conversely, H. niveus appears as species complex comprising seven cryptic species with almost identical macro- and micromorphology. H. intermedius and H. huthii are described as novel species, each of which with a distinct morphology intermediate between two species complexes. A revised taxonomy for one of the most taxonomically difficult genera of Basidiomycetes is proposed, including an updated identification key. The (semi-)automated selection among species concepts used here is of importance for the revision of taxonomically problematic organism groups in general.
format	article
author	Benjamin Stielow Zoltan Bratek Akos Kund I Orczán Szabolcs Rudnoy Gunnar Hensel Peter Hoffmann Hans-Peter Klenk Markus Göker
author_facet	Benjamin Stielow Zoltan Bratek Akos Kund I Orczán Szabolcs Rudnoy Gunnar Hensel Peter Hoffmann Hans-Peter Klenk Markus Göker
author_sort	Benjamin Stielow
title	Species delimitation in taxonomically difficult fungi: the case of Hymenogaster.
title_short	Species delimitation in taxonomically difficult fungi: the case of Hymenogaster.
title_full	Species delimitation in taxonomically difficult fungi: the case of Hymenogaster.
title_fullStr	Species delimitation in taxonomically difficult fungi: the case of Hymenogaster.
title_full_unstemmed	Species delimitation in taxonomically difficult fungi: the case of Hymenogaster.
title_sort	species delimitation in taxonomically difficult fungi: the case of hymenogaster.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/4e367f5228044da48169937e3f70eaf5
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Species delimitation in taxonomically difficult fungi: the case of Hymenogaster.

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