Vitamin D Serum Levels in Subjects Tested for SARS-CoV-2: What Are the Differences among Acute, Healed, and Negative COVID-19 Patients? A Multicenter Real-Practice Study

Vitamin D Serum Levels in Subjects Tested for SARS-CoV-2: What Are the Differences among Acute, Healed, and Negative COVID-19 Patients? A Multicenter Real-Practice Study

Vitamin D might play a role in counteracting COVID-19, albeit strong evidence is still lacking in the literature. The present multicenter real-practice study aimed to evaluate the differences of 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> serum levels in adults tested for SARS-CoV-2 (acute COVID-19 patients, su...

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Autores principales: Luca Gallelli, Gaia Chiara Mannino, Filippo Luciani, Alessandro de Sire, Elettra Mancuso, Pietro Gangemi, Lucio Cosco, Giuseppe Monea, Carolina Averta, Pasquale Minchella, Manuela Colosimo, Lucia Muraca, Federico Longhini, Antonio Ammendolia, Francesco Andreozzi, Giovambattista De Sarro, G&amp;P Working Group, Erika Cione
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: MDPI AG 2021
Materias:
vitamin D
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
gender difference
IL-6
Nutrition. Foods and food supply
TX341-641
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/4e438b6e5cb0480da78262e506bf7d38
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:4e438b6e5cb0480da78262e506bf7d382021-11-25T18:35:25ZVitamin D Serum Levels in Subjects Tested for SARS-CoV-2: What Are the Differences among Acute, Healed, and Negative COVID-19 Patients? A Multicenter Real-Practice Study10.3390/nu131139322072-6643https://doaj.org/article/4e438b6e5cb0480da78262e506bf7d382021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/3932https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Vitamin D might play a role in counteracting COVID-19, albeit strong evidence is still lacking in the literature. The present multicenter real-practice study aimed to evaluate the differences of 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> serum levels in adults tested for SARS-CoV-2 (acute COVID-19 patients, subjects healed from COVID-19, and non-infected ones) recruited over a 6-month period (March–September 2021). In a sample of 117 subjects, a statistically significant difference was found, with acute COVID-19 patients demonstrating the lowest levels of serum 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> (9.63 ± 8.70 ng/mL), significantly lower than values reported by no-COVID-19 patients (15.96 ± 5.99 ng/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.0091) and healed COVID-19 patients (11.52 ± 4.90 ng/mL, <i>p</i> > 0.05). Male gender across the three groups displayed unfluctuating 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> levels, hinting at an inability to ensure adequate levels of the active vitamin D3 form (1α,25(OH)2D3). As a secondary endpoint, we assessed the correlation between serum 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> levels and pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with extremely low serum 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> levels (<1 ng/mL) and in a subset supplemented with 1α,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>. Although patients with severe hypovitaminosis-D showed no significant increase in IL-6 levels, acute COVID-19 patients manifested high circulating IL-6 at admission (females = 127.64 ± 22.24 pg/mL, males = 139.28 ± 48.95 ng/mL) which dropped drastically after the administration of 1α,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> (1.84 ± 0.77 pg/mL and 2.65 ± 0.92 ng/mL, respectively). Taken together, these findings suggest that an administration of 1α,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> might be helpful for treating male patients with an acute COVID-19 infection. Further studies on rapid correction of vitamin D deficiency with fast acting metabolites are warranted in COVID-19 patients.Luca GallelliGaia Chiara ManninoFilippo LucianiAlessandro de SireElettra MancusoPietro GangemiLucio CoscoGiuseppe MoneaCarolina AvertaPasquale MinchellaManuela ColosimoLucia MuracaFederico LonghiniAntonio AmmendoliaFrancesco AndreozziGiovambattista De SarroG&amp;P Working GroupErika CioneMDPI AGarticlevitamin DCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2gender differenceIL-6Nutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 3932, p 3932 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic vitamin D
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
gender difference
IL-6
Nutrition. Foods and food supply
TX341-641
spellingShingle vitamin D
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
gender difference
IL-6
Nutrition. Foods and food supply
TX341-641
Luca Gallelli
Gaia Chiara Mannino
Filippo Luciani
Alessandro de Sire
Elettra Mancuso
Pietro Gangemi
Lucio Cosco
Giuseppe Monea
Carolina Averta
Pasquale Minchella
Manuela Colosimo
Lucia Muraca
Federico Longhini
Antonio Ammendolia
Francesco Andreozzi
Giovambattista De Sarro
G&amp;P Working Group
Erika Cione
Vitamin D Serum Levels in Subjects Tested for SARS-CoV-2: What Are the Differences among Acute, Healed, and Negative COVID-19 Patients? A Multicenter Real-Practice Study
description Vitamin D might play a role in counteracting COVID-19, albeit strong evidence is still lacking in the literature. The present multicenter real-practice study aimed to evaluate the differences of 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> serum levels in adults tested for SARS-CoV-2 (acute COVID-19 patients, subjects healed from COVID-19, and non-infected ones) recruited over a 6-month period (March–September 2021). In a sample of 117 subjects, a statistically significant difference was found, with acute COVID-19 patients demonstrating the lowest levels of serum 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> (9.63 ± 8.70 ng/mL), significantly lower than values reported by no-COVID-19 patients (15.96 ± 5.99 ng/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.0091) and healed COVID-19 patients (11.52 ± 4.90 ng/mL, <i>p</i> > 0.05). Male gender across the three groups displayed unfluctuating 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> levels, hinting at an inability to ensure adequate levels of the active vitamin D3 form (1α,25(OH)2D3). As a secondary endpoint, we assessed the correlation between serum 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> levels and pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with extremely low serum 25(OH)D<sub>3</sub> levels (<1 ng/mL) and in a subset supplemented with 1α,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub>. Although patients with severe hypovitaminosis-D showed no significant increase in IL-6 levels, acute COVID-19 patients manifested high circulating IL-6 at admission (females = 127.64 ± 22.24 pg/mL, males = 139.28 ± 48.95 ng/mL) which dropped drastically after the administration of 1α,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> (1.84 ± 0.77 pg/mL and 2.65 ± 0.92 ng/mL, respectively). Taken together, these findings suggest that an administration of 1α,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> might be helpful for treating male patients with an acute COVID-19 infection. Further studies on rapid correction of vitamin D deficiency with fast acting metabolites are warranted in COVID-19 patients.
format article
author Luca Gallelli
Gaia Chiara Mannino
Filippo Luciani
Alessandro de Sire
Elettra Mancuso
Pietro Gangemi
Lucio Cosco
Giuseppe Monea
Carolina Averta
Pasquale Minchella
Manuela Colosimo
Lucia Muraca
Federico Longhini
Antonio Ammendolia
Francesco Andreozzi
Giovambattista De Sarro
G&amp;P Working Group
Erika Cione
author_facet Luca Gallelli
Gaia Chiara Mannino
Filippo Luciani
Alessandro de Sire
Elettra Mancuso
Pietro Gangemi
Lucio Cosco
Giuseppe Monea
Carolina Averta
Pasquale Minchella
Manuela Colosimo
Lucia Muraca
Federico Longhini
Antonio Ammendolia
Francesco Andreozzi
Giovambattista De Sarro
G&amp;P Working Group
Erika Cione
author_sort Luca Gallelli
title Vitamin D Serum Levels in Subjects Tested for SARS-CoV-2: What Are the Differences among Acute, Healed, and Negative COVID-19 Patients? A Multicenter Real-Practice Study
title_short Vitamin D Serum Levels in Subjects Tested for SARS-CoV-2: What Are the Differences among Acute, Healed, and Negative COVID-19 Patients? A Multicenter Real-Practice Study
title_full Vitamin D Serum Levels in Subjects Tested for SARS-CoV-2: What Are the Differences among Acute, Healed, and Negative COVID-19 Patients? A Multicenter Real-Practice Study
title_fullStr Vitamin D Serum Levels in Subjects Tested for SARS-CoV-2: What Are the Differences among Acute, Healed, and Negative COVID-19 Patients? A Multicenter Real-Practice Study
title_full_unstemmed Vitamin D Serum Levels in Subjects Tested for SARS-CoV-2: What Are the Differences among Acute, Healed, and Negative COVID-19 Patients? A Multicenter Real-Practice Study
title_sort vitamin d serum levels in subjects tested for sars-cov-2: what are the differences among acute, healed, and negative covid-19 patients? a multicenter real-practice study
publisher MDPI AG
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/4e438b6e5cb0480da78262e506bf7d38
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