Ketamine as a Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa: A Narrative Review

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a highly complex disorder to treat, especially in severe and enduring cases. Whilst the precise aetiology of the disorder is uncertain, malnutrition and weight loss can contribute to reductions in grey and white matter of the brain, impairments in neuroplasticity and neuroge...

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Autores principales:	Johanna Louise Keeler, Janet Treasure, Mario F. Juruena, Carol Kan, Hubertus Himmerich
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	anorexia nervosa atypical psychedelics eating disorders esketamine ketamine narrative review Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4e83f60ae37b4439a0653ecedb7cfcd2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4e83f60ae37b4439a0653ecedb7cfcd22021-11-25T18:37:13ZKetamine as a Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa: A Narrative Review10.3390/nu131141582072-6643https://doaj.org/article/4e83f60ae37b4439a0653ecedb7cfcd22021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/4158https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a highly complex disorder to treat, especially in severe and enduring cases. Whilst the precise aetiology of the disorder is uncertain, malnutrition and weight loss can contribute to reductions in grey and white matter of the brain, impairments in neuroplasticity and neurogenesis and difficulties with cognitive flexibility, memory and learning. Depression is highly comorbid in AN and may be a barrier to recovery. However, traditional antidepressants are often ineffective in alleviating depressive symptoms in underweight patients with AN. There is an urgent need for new treatment approaches for AN. This review gives a conceptual overview for the treatment of AN with ketamine. Ketamine has rapid antidepressant effects, which are hypothesised to occur via increases in glutamate, with sequelae including increased neuroplasticity, neurogenesis and synaptogenesis. This article provides an overview of the use of ketamine for common psychiatric comorbidities of AN and discusses particular safety concerns and side effects. Potential avenues for future research and specific methodological considerations are explored. Overall, there appears to be ample theoretical background, via several potential mechanisms, that warrant the exploration of ketamine as a treatment for adults with AN.Johanna Louise KeelerJanet TreasureMario F. JuruenaCarol KanHubertus HimmerichMDPI AGarticleanorexia nervosaatypical psychedelicseating disordersesketamineketaminenarrative reviewNutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 4158, p 4158 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	anorexia nervosa atypical psychedelics eating disorders esketamine ketamine narrative review Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	anorexia nervosa atypical psychedelics eating disorders esketamine ketamine narrative review Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Johanna Louise Keeler Janet Treasure Mario F. Juruena Carol Kan Hubertus Himmerich Ketamine as a Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa: A Narrative Review
description	Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a highly complex disorder to treat, especially in severe and enduring cases. Whilst the precise aetiology of the disorder is uncertain, malnutrition and weight loss can contribute to reductions in grey and white matter of the brain, impairments in neuroplasticity and neurogenesis and difficulties with cognitive flexibility, memory and learning. Depression is highly comorbid in AN and may be a barrier to recovery. However, traditional antidepressants are often ineffective in alleviating depressive symptoms in underweight patients with AN. There is an urgent need for new treatment approaches for AN. This review gives a conceptual overview for the treatment of AN with ketamine. Ketamine has rapid antidepressant effects, which are hypothesised to occur via increases in glutamate, with sequelae including increased neuroplasticity, neurogenesis and synaptogenesis. This article provides an overview of the use of ketamine for common psychiatric comorbidities of AN and discusses particular safety concerns and side effects. Potential avenues for future research and specific methodological considerations are explored. Overall, there appears to be ample theoretical background, via several potential mechanisms, that warrant the exploration of ketamine as a treatment for adults with AN.
format	article
author	Johanna Louise Keeler Janet Treasure Mario F. Juruena Carol Kan Hubertus Himmerich
author_facet	Johanna Louise Keeler Janet Treasure Mario F. Juruena Carol Kan Hubertus Himmerich
author_sort	Johanna Louise Keeler
title	Ketamine as a Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa: A Narrative Review
title_short	Ketamine as a Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa: A Narrative Review
title_full	Ketamine as a Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa: A Narrative Review
title_fullStr	Ketamine as a Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa: A Narrative Review
title_full_unstemmed	Ketamine as a Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa: A Narrative Review
title_sort	ketamine as a treatment for anorexia nervosa: a narrative review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4e83f60ae37b4439a0653ecedb7cfcd2
work_keys_str_mv	AT johannalouisekeeler ketamineasatreatmentforanorexianervosaanarrativereview AT janettreasure ketamineasatreatmentforanorexianervosaanarrativereview AT mariofjuruena ketamineasatreatmentforanorexianervosaanarrativereview AT carolkan ketamineasatreatmentforanorexianervosaanarrativereview AT hubertushimmerich ketamineasatreatmentforanorexianervosaanarrativereview
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Ketamine as a Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa: A Narrative Review

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