On the design and performance analysis of wristband MIMO/diversity antenna for smart wearable communication applications

Abstract The design of a silicone rubber-based wristband wearable antenna exploiting pattern diversity is presented in this paper. The wristband diversity antenna consists of four identical antenna elements with an inter-element spacing of 0.68λ 0, where λ 0 is the lower cut-off wavelength. A modifi...

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Autores principales:	Thennarasi Govindan, Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy, Malathi Kanagasabai, Thipparaju Rama Rao, M. Gulam Nabi Alsath, Sachin Kumar, Sangeetha Velan, Mohamed Marey, Apeksha Aggarwal
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4ea0d2045f354fd5aa4bf5bbdc28a705
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4ea0d2045f354fd5aa4bf5bbdc28a7052021-11-14T12:17:20ZOn the design and performance analysis of wristband MIMO/diversity antenna for smart wearable communication applications10.1038/s41598-021-01326-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/4ea0d2045f354fd5aa4bf5bbdc28a7052021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01326-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The design of a silicone rubber-based wristband wearable antenna exploiting pattern diversity is presented in this paper. The wristband diversity antenna consists of four identical antenna elements with an inter-element spacing of 0.68λ 0, where λ 0 is the lower cut-off wavelength. A modified trapezoidal-shaped radiator with a rectangular ground structure is used to achieve ultra-wide bandwidth. The proposed multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO)/diversity antenna covers a frequency range of 2.75–12 GHz. The antenna element offers a radiation efficiency of 89.3% and a gain of 3.41 dBi. The size of the wristband diversity antenna is 1.1λ 0 × 18.4λ 0 × 0.18λ 0. The diversity performance characteristics of the prototype antenna are examined, with the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) < 0.18, apparent diversity gain (ADG) > 9.5, effective diversity gain (EDG) > 9.5, mean effective gain (MEG) < 1 dB, total active reflection coefficient (TARC) < − 10 dB, and channel capacity loss (CCL) < 0.1 bits/s/Hz over the entire operating band. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of the proposed wristband antenna is analyzed to determine its radiation exposure on the human body, and the results show that the values are less than 0.02 W/kg.Thennarasi GovindanSandeep Kumar PalaniswamyMalathi KanagasabaiThipparaju Rama RaoM. Gulam Nabi AlsathSachin KumarSangeetha VelanMohamed MareyApeksha AggarwalNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Thennarasi Govindan Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy Malathi Kanagasabai Thipparaju Rama Rao M. Gulam Nabi Alsath Sachin Kumar Sangeetha Velan Mohamed Marey Apeksha Aggarwal On the design and performance analysis of wristband MIMO/diversity antenna for smart wearable communication applications
description	Abstract The design of a silicone rubber-based wristband wearable antenna exploiting pattern diversity is presented in this paper. The wristband diversity antenna consists of four identical antenna elements with an inter-element spacing of 0.68λ 0, where λ 0 is the lower cut-off wavelength. A modified trapezoidal-shaped radiator with a rectangular ground structure is used to achieve ultra-wide bandwidth. The proposed multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO)/diversity antenna covers a frequency range of 2.75–12 GHz. The antenna element offers a radiation efficiency of 89.3% and a gain of 3.41 dBi. The size of the wristband diversity antenna is 1.1λ 0 × 18.4λ 0 × 0.18λ 0. The diversity performance characteristics of the prototype antenna are examined, with the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) < 0.18, apparent diversity gain (ADG) > 9.5, effective diversity gain (EDG) > 9.5, mean effective gain (MEG) < 1 dB, total active reflection coefficient (TARC) < − 10 dB, and channel capacity loss (CCL) < 0.1 bits/s/Hz over the entire operating band. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of the proposed wristband antenna is analyzed to determine its radiation exposure on the human body, and the results show that the values are less than 0.02 W/kg.
format	article
author	Thennarasi Govindan Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy Malathi Kanagasabai Thipparaju Rama Rao M. Gulam Nabi Alsath Sachin Kumar Sangeetha Velan Mohamed Marey Apeksha Aggarwal
author_facet	Thennarasi Govindan Sandeep Kumar Palaniswamy Malathi Kanagasabai Thipparaju Rama Rao M. Gulam Nabi Alsath Sachin Kumar Sangeetha Velan Mohamed Marey Apeksha Aggarwal
author_sort	Thennarasi Govindan
title	On the design and performance analysis of wristband MIMO/diversity antenna for smart wearable communication applications
title_short	On the design and performance analysis of wristband MIMO/diversity antenna for smart wearable communication applications
title_full	On the design and performance analysis of wristband MIMO/diversity antenna for smart wearable communication applications
title_fullStr	On the design and performance analysis of wristband MIMO/diversity antenna for smart wearable communication applications
title_full_unstemmed	On the design and performance analysis of wristband MIMO/diversity antenna for smart wearable communication applications
title_sort	on the design and performance analysis of wristband mimo/diversity antenna for smart wearable communication applications
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4ea0d2045f354fd5aa4bf5bbdc28a705
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On the design and performance analysis of wristband MIMO/diversity antenna for smart wearable communication applications

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