Certification of the efficient random number generation technique based on single‐photon detector arrays and time‐to‐digital converters

Abstract True random number generators (TRNGs) allow the generation of true random bit sequences, guaranteeing the unpredictability and perfect balancing of the generated values. TRNGs can be realised from the sampling of quantum phenomena, for instance, the detection of single photons. Here, a rece...

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Autores principales:	Andrea Stanco, Davide G. Marangon, Giuseppe Vallone, Samuel Burri, Edoardo Charbon, Paolo Villoresi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	Telecommunication TK5101-6720
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4ea5420ee8fd402cbbc5853e1b2cf6b4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4ea5420ee8fd402cbbc5853e1b2cf6b42021-11-22T16:30:52ZCertification of the efficient random number generation technique based on single‐photon detector arrays and time‐to‐digital converters2632-892510.1049/qtc2.12018https://doaj.org/article/4ea5420ee8fd402cbbc5853e1b2cf6b42021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1049/qtc2.12018https://doaj.org/toc/2632-8925Abstract True random number generators (TRNGs) allow the generation of true random bit sequences, guaranteeing the unpredictability and perfect balancing of the generated values. TRNGs can be realised from the sampling of quantum phenomena, for instance, the detection of single photons. Here, a recently proposed technique, which implements a quantum random number generator (QRNG) out of a device that was realised for a different scope, is further analysed and certified [1]. The combination of a CMOS single‐photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array, a high‐resolution time‐to‐digital converter (TDC) implemented on a field programmable gate array (FPGA), the exploitation of a single‐photon temporal degree of freedom, and an unbiased procedure provided by H. Zhou and J. Bruck [2, 3] allows the generation of true random bits with a high bitrate in a compact and easy‐to‐calibrate device. Indeed, the use of the ‘Zhou–Bruck’ method allows the removal of any correlation from the binary representation of decimal data. This perfectly fits with the usage of a device with non‐idealities like SPAD's afterpulses, pixel cross‐correlation, and time‐to‐digital converter non‐uniform conversion. In this work, an in‐depth analysis and certification of the technique presented in [1] is provided by processing the data with the NIST suite tests in order to prove the effectiveness and validity of this approach.Andrea StancoDavide G. MarangonGiuseppe ValloneSamuel BurriEdoardo CharbonPaolo VilloresiWileyarticleTelecommunicationTK5101-6720ENIET Quantum Communication, Vol 2, Iss 3, Pp 74-79 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Telecommunication TK5101-6720
spellingShingle	Telecommunication TK5101-6720 Andrea Stanco Davide G. Marangon Giuseppe Vallone Samuel Burri Edoardo Charbon Paolo Villoresi Certification of the efficient random number generation technique based on single‐photon detector arrays and time‐to‐digital converters
description	Abstract True random number generators (TRNGs) allow the generation of true random bit sequences, guaranteeing the unpredictability and perfect balancing of the generated values. TRNGs can be realised from the sampling of quantum phenomena, for instance, the detection of single photons. Here, a recently proposed technique, which implements a quantum random number generator (QRNG) out of a device that was realised for a different scope, is further analysed and certified [1]. The combination of a CMOS single‐photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array, a high‐resolution time‐to‐digital converter (TDC) implemented on a field programmable gate array (FPGA), the exploitation of a single‐photon temporal degree of freedom, and an unbiased procedure provided by H. Zhou and J. Bruck [2, 3] allows the generation of true random bits with a high bitrate in a compact and easy‐to‐calibrate device. Indeed, the use of the ‘Zhou–Bruck’ method allows the removal of any correlation from the binary representation of decimal data. This perfectly fits with the usage of a device with non‐idealities like SPAD's afterpulses, pixel cross‐correlation, and time‐to‐digital converter non‐uniform conversion. In this work, an in‐depth analysis and certification of the technique presented in [1] is provided by processing the data with the NIST suite tests in order to prove the effectiveness and validity of this approach.
format	article
author	Andrea Stanco Davide G. Marangon Giuseppe Vallone Samuel Burri Edoardo Charbon Paolo Villoresi
author_facet	Andrea Stanco Davide G. Marangon Giuseppe Vallone Samuel Burri Edoardo Charbon Paolo Villoresi
author_sort	Andrea Stanco
title	Certification of the efficient random number generation technique based on single‐photon detector arrays and time‐to‐digital converters
title_short	Certification of the efficient random number generation technique based on single‐photon detector arrays and time‐to‐digital converters
title_full	Certification of the efficient random number generation technique based on single‐photon detector arrays and time‐to‐digital converters
title_fullStr	Certification of the efficient random number generation technique based on single‐photon detector arrays and time‐to‐digital converters
title_full_unstemmed	Certification of the efficient random number generation technique based on single‐photon detector arrays and time‐to‐digital converters
title_sort	certification of the efficient random number generation technique based on single‐photon detector arrays and time‐to‐digital converters
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4ea5420ee8fd402cbbc5853e1b2cf6b4
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Certification of the efficient random number generation technique based on single‐photon detector arrays and time‐to‐digital converters

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