Cross reactivity of neutralizing antibodies to the encephalitic California Serogroup orthobunyaviruses varies by virus and genetic relatedness

Abstract The California Serogroup (CSG) of Orthobunyaviruses comprises several viruses capable of causing neuroinvasive disease in humans, including La Crosse (LACV), Snowshoe Hare (SSHV), Tahyna (TAHV), Jamestown Canyon (JCV), and Inkoo (INKV) viruses. Diagnosis of specific CSG viruses is complicat...

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Autores principales:	Alyssa B. Evans, Karin E. Peterson
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4ebe83a44e5141f69ce4b9096ff9f678
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4ebe83a44e5141f69ce4b9096ff9f6782021-12-02T19:06:42ZCross reactivity of neutralizing antibodies to the encephalitic California Serogroup orthobunyaviruses varies by virus and genetic relatedness10.1038/s41598-021-95757-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/4ebe83a44e5141f69ce4b9096ff9f6782021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95757-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The California Serogroup (CSG) of Orthobunyaviruses comprises several viruses capable of causing neuroinvasive disease in humans, including La Crosse (LACV), Snowshoe Hare (SSHV), Tahyna (TAHV), Jamestown Canyon (JCV), and Inkoo (INKV) viruses. Diagnosis of specific CSG viruses is complicated by the high degree of antibody cross-reactivity between them, with laboratory standards requiring a fourfold higher titer of neutralizating antibody (NAb) activity to positively identify the etiologic virus. To help elucidate NAb relationships between neuroinvasive CSG viruses, we directly compared the cross-reactivity of NAb between LACV, SSHV, TAHV, JCV, and INKV. Mice were inoculated with individual viruses and the NAb activity of plasma samples was compared by plaque reduction neutralization tests against all five viruses. Overall, the results from these studies show that the CSG viruses induced high levels of NAb against the inoculum virus, and differing amounts of cross-reactive NAb against heterologous viruses. LACV, SSHV, and INKV elicited the highest amount of cross-reactive NAb. Interestingly, a fourfold difference in NAb titer between the inoculum virus and the other CSG viruses was not always observed. Thus, NAb titers, which are the gold-standard for diagnosing the etiologic agent for viral encephalitis, may not clearly differentiate between different CSG viruses.Alyssa B. EvansKarin E. PetersonNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Alyssa B. Evans Karin E. Peterson Cross reactivity of neutralizing antibodies to the encephalitic California Serogroup orthobunyaviruses varies by virus and genetic relatedness
description	Abstract The California Serogroup (CSG) of Orthobunyaviruses comprises several viruses capable of causing neuroinvasive disease in humans, including La Crosse (LACV), Snowshoe Hare (SSHV), Tahyna (TAHV), Jamestown Canyon (JCV), and Inkoo (INKV) viruses. Diagnosis of specific CSG viruses is complicated by the high degree of antibody cross-reactivity between them, with laboratory standards requiring a fourfold higher titer of neutralizating antibody (NAb) activity to positively identify the etiologic virus. To help elucidate NAb relationships between neuroinvasive CSG viruses, we directly compared the cross-reactivity of NAb between LACV, SSHV, TAHV, JCV, and INKV. Mice were inoculated with individual viruses and the NAb activity of plasma samples was compared by plaque reduction neutralization tests against all five viruses. Overall, the results from these studies show that the CSG viruses induced high levels of NAb against the inoculum virus, and differing amounts of cross-reactive NAb against heterologous viruses. LACV, SSHV, and INKV elicited the highest amount of cross-reactive NAb. Interestingly, a fourfold difference in NAb titer between the inoculum virus and the other CSG viruses was not always observed. Thus, NAb titers, which are the gold-standard for diagnosing the etiologic agent for viral encephalitis, may not clearly differentiate between different CSG viruses.
format	article
author	Alyssa B. Evans Karin E. Peterson
author_facet	Alyssa B. Evans Karin E. Peterson
author_sort	Alyssa B. Evans
title	Cross reactivity of neutralizing antibodies to the encephalitic California Serogroup orthobunyaviruses varies by virus and genetic relatedness
title_short	Cross reactivity of neutralizing antibodies to the encephalitic California Serogroup orthobunyaviruses varies by virus and genetic relatedness
title_full	Cross reactivity of neutralizing antibodies to the encephalitic California Serogroup orthobunyaviruses varies by virus and genetic relatedness
title_fullStr	Cross reactivity of neutralizing antibodies to the encephalitic California Serogroup orthobunyaviruses varies by virus and genetic relatedness
title_full_unstemmed	Cross reactivity of neutralizing antibodies to the encephalitic California Serogroup orthobunyaviruses varies by virus and genetic relatedness
title_sort	cross reactivity of neutralizing antibodies to the encephalitic california serogroup orthobunyaviruses varies by virus and genetic relatedness
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4ebe83a44e5141f69ce4b9096ff9f678
work_keys_str_mv	AT alyssabevans crossreactivityofneutralizingantibodiestotheencephaliticcaliforniaserogrouporthobunyavirusesvariesbyvirusandgeneticrelatedness AT karinepeterson crossreactivityofneutralizingantibodiestotheencephaliticcaliforniaserogrouporthobunyavirusesvariesbyvirusandgeneticrelatedness
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Cross reactivity of neutralizing antibodies to the encephalitic California Serogroup orthobunyaviruses varies by virus and genetic relatedness

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