Sequential Extraction of Hydroxytyrosol, Mannitol and Triterpenic Acids Using a Green Optimized Procedure Based on Ultrasound

Olive-derived biomasses contain bioactive compounds with health promoting effects as well as antioxidant and sweet-tasting properties. However, their sequential extraction has not been attained. In the present study, firstly antioxidants and mannitol were extracted from exhausted olive pomace (EOP)...

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Autores principales:	Irene Gómez-Cruz, María del Mar Contreras, Inmaculada Romero, Eulogio Castro
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	exhausted olive pomace green extraction hydroxytyrosol mannitol maslinic acid ultrasound-assisted water extraction Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4ee81b0499d44c188e07c55171231496
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4ee81b0499d44c188e07c551712314962021-11-25T16:28:31ZSequential Extraction of Hydroxytyrosol, Mannitol and Triterpenic Acids Using a Green Optimized Procedure Based on Ultrasound10.3390/antiox101117812076-3921https://doaj.org/article/4ee81b0499d44c188e07c551712314962021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/11/1781https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3921Olive-derived biomasses contain bioactive compounds with health promoting effects as well as antioxidant and sweet-tasting properties. However, their sequential extraction has not been attained. In the present study, firstly antioxidants and mannitol were extracted from exhausted olive pomace (EOP) by an eco-friendly method, ultrasound-assisted water extraction (UAWE). The amplitude (20–80%), extraction time (2–18 min) and solid loading (2–15%, <i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) were evaluated according to a Box–Behnken experimental design. Using the response surface methodology, the optimal conditions for extraction were obtained: 80% amplitude, 11.5% solid loading and 16 min. It enabled the multi-response optimization of the total phenolic content (TPC) (40.04 mg/g EOP), hydroxytyrosol content (6.42 mg/g EOP), mannitol content (50.92 mg/g EOP) and antioxidant activity (ferric reducing power or FRAP, 50.95 mg/g EOP; ABTS, 100.64 mg/g EOP). Moreover, the phenolic profile of the extracts was determined by liquid chromatography-UV and mass spectrometry, identifying hydroxytyrosol as the main phenolic compound and other minor derivatives could be characterized. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the morphological changes produced in the cellular structure of EOP after UAWE. In addition, the chemical composition of the extracted EOP solid was characterized for further valorization. Then, a second extraction step was performed in order to extract bioactive triterpenes from the latter solid. The triterpenes content in the extract was determined and the effect of the previous UAWE step on the triterpenes extraction was evaluated. In this case, the use of ultrasound enhanced the extraction of maslinic acid and oleanolic acid from pelletized EOP with no milling requirement. Overall, UAWE can be applied to obtain antioxidant compounds and mannitol as first extraction step from pelletized EOP while supporting the subsequent recovery of triterpenic acids.Irene Gómez-CruzMaría del Mar ContrerasInmaculada RomeroEulogio CastroMDPI AGarticleexhausted olive pomacegreen extractionhydroxytyrosolmannitolmaslinic acidultrasound-assisted water extractionTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENAntioxidants, Vol 10, Iss 1781, p 1781 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	exhausted olive pomace green extraction hydroxytyrosol mannitol maslinic acid ultrasound-assisted water extraction Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	exhausted olive pomace green extraction hydroxytyrosol mannitol maslinic acid ultrasound-assisted water extraction Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Irene Gómez-Cruz María del Mar Contreras Inmaculada Romero Eulogio Castro Sequential Extraction of Hydroxytyrosol, Mannitol and Triterpenic Acids Using a Green Optimized Procedure Based on Ultrasound
description	Olive-derived biomasses contain bioactive compounds with health promoting effects as well as antioxidant and sweet-tasting properties. However, their sequential extraction has not been attained. In the present study, firstly antioxidants and mannitol were extracted from exhausted olive pomace (EOP) by an eco-friendly method, ultrasound-assisted water extraction (UAWE). The amplitude (20–80%), extraction time (2–18 min) and solid loading (2–15%, <i>w</i>/<i>v</i>) were evaluated according to a Box–Behnken experimental design. Using the response surface methodology, the optimal conditions for extraction were obtained: 80% amplitude, 11.5% solid loading and 16 min. It enabled the multi-response optimization of the total phenolic content (TPC) (40.04 mg/g EOP), hydroxytyrosol content (6.42 mg/g EOP), mannitol content (50.92 mg/g EOP) and antioxidant activity (ferric reducing power or FRAP, 50.95 mg/g EOP; ABTS, 100.64 mg/g EOP). Moreover, the phenolic profile of the extracts was determined by liquid chromatography-UV and mass spectrometry, identifying hydroxytyrosol as the main phenolic compound and other minor derivatives could be characterized. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the morphological changes produced in the cellular structure of EOP after UAWE. In addition, the chemical composition of the extracted EOP solid was characterized for further valorization. Then, a second extraction step was performed in order to extract bioactive triterpenes from the latter solid. The triterpenes content in the extract was determined and the effect of the previous UAWE step on the triterpenes extraction was evaluated. In this case, the use of ultrasound enhanced the extraction of maslinic acid and oleanolic acid from pelletized EOP with no milling requirement. Overall, UAWE can be applied to obtain antioxidant compounds and mannitol as first extraction step from pelletized EOP while supporting the subsequent recovery of triterpenic acids.
format	article
author	Irene Gómez-Cruz María del Mar Contreras Inmaculada Romero Eulogio Castro
author_facet	Irene Gómez-Cruz María del Mar Contreras Inmaculada Romero Eulogio Castro
author_sort	Irene Gómez-Cruz
title	Sequential Extraction of Hydroxytyrosol, Mannitol and Triterpenic Acids Using a Green Optimized Procedure Based on Ultrasound
title_short	Sequential Extraction of Hydroxytyrosol, Mannitol and Triterpenic Acids Using a Green Optimized Procedure Based on Ultrasound
title_full	Sequential Extraction of Hydroxytyrosol, Mannitol and Triterpenic Acids Using a Green Optimized Procedure Based on Ultrasound
title_fullStr	Sequential Extraction of Hydroxytyrosol, Mannitol and Triterpenic Acids Using a Green Optimized Procedure Based on Ultrasound
title_full_unstemmed	Sequential Extraction of Hydroxytyrosol, Mannitol and Triterpenic Acids Using a Green Optimized Procedure Based on Ultrasound
title_sort	sequential extraction of hydroxytyrosol, mannitol and triterpenic acids using a green optimized procedure based on ultrasound
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4ee81b0499d44c188e07c55171231496
work_keys_str_mv	AT irenegomezcruz sequentialextractionofhydroxytyrosolmannitolandtriterpenicacidsusingagreenoptimizedprocedurebasedonultrasound AT mariadelmarcontreras sequentialextractionofhydroxytyrosolmannitolandtriterpenicacidsusingagreenoptimizedprocedurebasedonultrasound AT inmaculadaromero sequentialextractionofhydroxytyrosolmannitolandtriterpenicacidsusingagreenoptimizedprocedurebasedonultrasound AT eulogiocastro sequentialextractionofhydroxytyrosolmannitolandtriterpenicacidsusingagreenoptimizedprocedurebasedonultrasound
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Sequential Extraction of Hydroxytyrosol, Mannitol and Triterpenic Acids Using a Green Optimized Procedure Based on Ultrasound

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