Aerosol droplet-size distribution and airborne nicotine portioning in particle and gas phases emitted by electronic cigarettes

Abstract The reliable characterization of particle size distribution and nicotine delivery emitted by electronic cigarettes (ECs) is a critical issue in their design. Indeed, a better understanding of how nicotine is delivered as an aerosol with an appropriate aerodynamic size is a necessary step to...

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Autores principales:	Hélène Lalo, Lara Leclerc, Jérémy Sorin, Jérémie Pourchez
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4f7f712b3abf459090c325d6ce23b6b7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4f7f712b3abf459090c325d6ce23b6b72021-12-02T15:11:50ZAerosol droplet-size distribution and airborne nicotine portioning in particle and gas phases emitted by electronic cigarettes10.1038/s41598-020-78749-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/4f7f712b3abf459090c325d6ce23b6b72020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78749-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The reliable characterization of particle size distribution and nicotine delivery emitted by electronic cigarettes (ECs) is a critical issue in their design. Indeed, a better understanding of how nicotine is delivered as an aerosol with an appropriate aerodynamic size is a necessary step toward obtaining a well-designed nicotine transfer from the respiratory tract to the bloodstream to better satisfy craving and improve smoking cessation rates. To study these two factors, recent models of EC devices and a dedicated vaping machine were used to generate aerosols under various experimental conditions, including varying the EC power level using two different types of atomizers. The aerodynamic particle sizing of the resulting aerosol was performed using a cascade impactor. The nicotine concentration in the refill liquid and the aerosol droplet was quantified by liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array. The vaporization process and the physical and chemical properties of the EC aerosol were very similar at 15 watts (W) and 25 W using the low-power atomizer but quite distinct at 50 W using the high-power atomizer, as follows: (1) the mass median aerodynamic diameters ranged from 1.06 to 1.19 µm (µm) for low power and from 2.33 to 2.46 µm for high power; (2) the nicotine concentrations of aerosol droplets were approximately 11 mg per milliliter (mg/mL) for low power and 17 mg/mL for high power; and (3) the aerosol droplet particle phase of the total nicotine mass emitted by EC was 60% for low power and 95% for high power. The results indicate that varying the correlated factors (1) the power level and (2) the design of atomizer (including the type of coil and the value of resistance used) affects the particle-size distribution and the airborne nicotine portioning between the particle phase and the gas phase in equilibrium with the airborne droplets.Hélène LaloLara LeclercJérémy SorinJérémie PourchezNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Hélène Lalo Lara Leclerc Jérémy Sorin Jérémie Pourchez Aerosol droplet-size distribution and airborne nicotine portioning in particle and gas phases emitted by electronic cigarettes
description	Abstract The reliable characterization of particle size distribution and nicotine delivery emitted by electronic cigarettes (ECs) is a critical issue in their design. Indeed, a better understanding of how nicotine is delivered as an aerosol with an appropriate aerodynamic size is a necessary step toward obtaining a well-designed nicotine transfer from the respiratory tract to the bloodstream to better satisfy craving and improve smoking cessation rates. To study these two factors, recent models of EC devices and a dedicated vaping machine were used to generate aerosols under various experimental conditions, including varying the EC power level using two different types of atomizers. The aerodynamic particle sizing of the resulting aerosol was performed using a cascade impactor. The nicotine concentration in the refill liquid and the aerosol droplet was quantified by liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array. The vaporization process and the physical and chemical properties of the EC aerosol were very similar at 15 watts (W) and 25 W using the low-power atomizer but quite distinct at 50 W using the high-power atomizer, as follows: (1) the mass median aerodynamic diameters ranged from 1.06 to 1.19 µm (µm) for low power and from 2.33 to 2.46 µm for high power; (2) the nicotine concentrations of aerosol droplets were approximately 11 mg per milliliter (mg/mL) for low power and 17 mg/mL for high power; and (3) the aerosol droplet particle phase of the total nicotine mass emitted by EC was 60% for low power and 95% for high power. The results indicate that varying the correlated factors (1) the power level and (2) the design of atomizer (including the type of coil and the value of resistance used) affects the particle-size distribution and the airborne nicotine portioning between the particle phase and the gas phase in equilibrium with the airborne droplets.
format	article
author	Hélène Lalo Lara Leclerc Jérémy Sorin Jérémie Pourchez
author_facet	Hélène Lalo Lara Leclerc Jérémy Sorin Jérémie Pourchez
author_sort	Hélène Lalo
title	Aerosol droplet-size distribution and airborne nicotine portioning in particle and gas phases emitted by electronic cigarettes
title_short	Aerosol droplet-size distribution and airborne nicotine portioning in particle and gas phases emitted by electronic cigarettes
title_full	Aerosol droplet-size distribution and airborne nicotine portioning in particle and gas phases emitted by electronic cigarettes
title_fullStr	Aerosol droplet-size distribution and airborne nicotine portioning in particle and gas phases emitted by electronic cigarettes
title_full_unstemmed	Aerosol droplet-size distribution and airborne nicotine portioning in particle and gas phases emitted by electronic cigarettes
title_sort	aerosol droplet-size distribution and airborne nicotine portioning in particle and gas phases emitted by electronic cigarettes
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/4f7f712b3abf459090c325d6ce23b6b7
work_keys_str_mv	AT helenelalo aerosoldropletsizedistributionandairbornenicotineportioninginparticleandgasphasesemittedbyelectroniccigarettes AT laraleclerc aerosoldropletsizedistributionandairbornenicotineportioninginparticleandgasphasesemittedbyelectroniccigarettes AT jeremysorin aerosoldropletsizedistributionandairbornenicotineportioninginparticleandgasphasesemittedbyelectroniccigarettes AT jeremiepourchez aerosoldropletsizedistributionandairbornenicotineportioninginparticleandgasphasesemittedbyelectroniccigarettes
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Aerosol droplet-size distribution and airborne nicotine portioning in particle and gas phases emitted by electronic cigarettes

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