Circulating tumor DNA: a noninvasive biomarker for tracking ovarian cancer

Abstract Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Despite the development of technologies over decades to improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients with ovarian cancer, the survival rate remains dismal, mainly because most patients are diagnosed...

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Autores principales:	Fang Yang, Jun Tang, Zihao Zhao, Chunling Zhao, Yuancai Xiang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Ovarian cancer circulating tumor DNA biomarker cancer early detection liquid biopsy Gynecology and obstetrics RG1-991 Reproduction QH471-489
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4fb9c17614df4d99840629e535b29309
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4fb9c17614df4d99840629e535b293092021-12-05T12:24:09ZCirculating tumor DNA: a noninvasive biomarker for tracking ovarian cancer10.1186/s12958-021-00860-81477-7827https://doaj.org/article/4fb9c17614df4d99840629e535b293092021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-021-00860-8https://doaj.org/toc/1477-7827Abstract Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Despite the development of technologies over decades to improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients with ovarian cancer, the survival rate remains dismal, mainly because most patients are diagnosed at a late stage. Traditional treatment methods and biomarkers such as cancer antigen-125 as a cancer screening tool lack specificity and cannot offer personalized combinatorial therapy schemes. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a promising biomarker for ovarian cancer and can be detected using a noninvasive liquid biopsy. A wide variety of ctDNA applications are being elucidated in multiple studies for tracking ovarian carcinoma during diagnostic and prognostic evaluations of patients and are being integrated into clinical trials to evaluate the disease. Furthermore, ctDNA analysis may be used in combination with multiple “omic” techniques to analyze proteins, epigenetics, RNA, nucleosomes, exosomes, and associated immune markers to promote early detection. However, several technical and biological hurdles impede the application of ctDNA analysis. Certain intrinsic features of ctDNA that may enhance its utility as a biomarker are problematic for its detection, including ctDNA lengths, copy number variations, and methylation. Before the development of ctDNA assays for integration in the clinic, such issues are required to be resolved since these assays have substantial potential as a test for cancer screening. This review focuses on studies concerning the potential clinical applications of ctDNA in ovarian cancer diagnosis and discusses our perspective on the clinical research aimed to treat this daunting form of cancer.Fang YangJun TangZihao ZhaoChunling ZhaoYuancai XiangBMCarticleOvarian cancercirculating tumor DNAbiomarkercancer early detectionliquid biopsyGynecology and obstetricsRG1-991ReproductionQH471-489ENReproductive Biology and Endocrinology, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Ovarian cancer circulating tumor DNA biomarker cancer early detection liquid biopsy Gynecology and obstetrics RG1-991 Reproduction QH471-489
spellingShingle	Ovarian cancer circulating tumor DNA biomarker cancer early detection liquid biopsy Gynecology and obstetrics RG1-991 Reproduction QH471-489 Fang Yang Jun Tang Zihao Zhao Chunling Zhao Yuancai Xiang Circulating tumor DNA: a noninvasive biomarker for tracking ovarian cancer
description	Abstract Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Despite the development of technologies over decades to improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients with ovarian cancer, the survival rate remains dismal, mainly because most patients are diagnosed at a late stage. Traditional treatment methods and biomarkers such as cancer antigen-125 as a cancer screening tool lack specificity and cannot offer personalized combinatorial therapy schemes. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a promising biomarker for ovarian cancer and can be detected using a noninvasive liquid biopsy. A wide variety of ctDNA applications are being elucidated in multiple studies for tracking ovarian carcinoma during diagnostic and prognostic evaluations of patients and are being integrated into clinical trials to evaluate the disease. Furthermore, ctDNA analysis may be used in combination with multiple “omic” techniques to analyze proteins, epigenetics, RNA, nucleosomes, exosomes, and associated immune markers to promote early detection. However, several technical and biological hurdles impede the application of ctDNA analysis. Certain intrinsic features of ctDNA that may enhance its utility as a biomarker are problematic for its detection, including ctDNA lengths, copy number variations, and methylation. Before the development of ctDNA assays for integration in the clinic, such issues are required to be resolved since these assays have substantial potential as a test for cancer screening. This review focuses on studies concerning the potential clinical applications of ctDNA in ovarian cancer diagnosis and discusses our perspective on the clinical research aimed to treat this daunting form of cancer.
format	article
author	Fang Yang Jun Tang Zihao Zhao Chunling Zhao Yuancai Xiang
author_facet	Fang Yang Jun Tang Zihao Zhao Chunling Zhao Yuancai Xiang
author_sort	Fang Yang
title	Circulating tumor DNA: a noninvasive biomarker for tracking ovarian cancer
title_short	Circulating tumor DNA: a noninvasive biomarker for tracking ovarian cancer
title_full	Circulating tumor DNA: a noninvasive biomarker for tracking ovarian cancer
title_fullStr	Circulating tumor DNA: a noninvasive biomarker for tracking ovarian cancer
title_full_unstemmed	Circulating tumor DNA: a noninvasive biomarker for tracking ovarian cancer
title_sort	circulating tumor dna: a noninvasive biomarker for tracking ovarian cancer
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4fb9c17614df4d99840629e535b29309
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Circulating tumor DNA: a noninvasive biomarker for tracking ovarian cancer

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