Efficient Recovery of Noble Metal Ions (Pd<sup>2+</sup>, Ag<sup>+</sup>, Pt<sup>2+</sup>, and Au<sup>3+</sup>) from Aqueous Solutions Using <i>N,N'</i>-Bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (Salen) as an Extractant (Classic Solvent Extraction) and Carrier (Polymer Membranes)
This paper presents the results of the first application of <i>N,N'</i>-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (salen) as an extractant in classical liquid–liquid extraction and as a carrier in membrane processes designed for the recovery of noble metal ions (Pd<sup>2+</sup>,...
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MDPI AG
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:4ff96ba6c34d481a8b3f03f8da5f21002021-11-25T18:19:53ZEfficient Recovery of Noble Metal Ions (Pd<sup>2+</sup>, Ag<sup>+</sup>, Pt<sup>2+</sup>, and Au<sup>3+</sup>) from Aqueous Solutions Using <i>N,N'</i>-Bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (Salen) as an Extractant (Classic Solvent Extraction) and Carrier (Polymer Membranes)10.3390/membranes111108632077-0375https://doaj.org/article/4ff96ba6c34d481a8b3f03f8da5f21002021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/11/863https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0375This paper presents the results of the first application of <i>N,N'</i>-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (salen) as an extractant in classical liquid–liquid extraction and as a carrier in membrane processes designed for the recovery of noble metal ions (Pd<sup>2+</sup>, Ag<sup>+</sup>, Pt<sup>2+</sup>, and Au<sup>3+</sup>) from aqueous solutions. In the case of the utilization of membranes, both sorption and desorption were investigated. Salen has not been used so far in the sorption processes of precious metal ions. Recovery experiments were performed on single-component solutions (containing only one type of metal ions) and polymetallic solutions (containing ions of all four metals). The stability constants of the obtained complexes were determined spectrophotometrically. In contrast, electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS) was applied to examine the elemental composition and charge of the generated complexes of chosen noble metal ions and salen molecules. The results show the great potential of <i>N,N'</i>-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine as both an extractant and a carrier. In the case of single-component solutions, the extraction percentage was over 99% for all noble metal ions (molar ratio M:L of 1:1), and in the case of a polymetallic solution, it was the lowest, but over 94% for platinum ions and the highest value (over 99%) for gold ions. The percentages of sorption (%Rs) of metal ions from single-component solutions using polymer membranes containing <i>N,N'</i>-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine as a carrier were highest after 24 h of the process (93.23% for silver(I) ions, 74.99% for gold(III) ions, 69.11% and 66.13% for palladium(II) and platinum(II) ions, respectively), similar to the values obtained for the membrane process conducted in multi-metal solutions (92.96%, 84.26%, 80.94%, and 48.36% for Pd(II), Au(III), Ag(I), and Pt(II) ions, respectively). The percentage of desorption (%R<sub>des</sub>) was very high for single-component solutions (the highest, i.e., 99%, for palladium solution and the lowest, i.e., 88%, for silver solution), while for polymetallic solutions, these values were slightly lower (for Pt(II), it was the lowest at 63.25%).Katarzyna WittMałgorzata A. KaczorowskaDaria BożejewiczWłodzimierz UrbaniakMDPI AGarticlesolvent extractionpolymer membranessorptionnoble metal ionssalenstability constantChemical technologyTP1-1185Chemical engineeringTP155-156ENMembranes, Vol 11, Iss 863, p 863 (2021) |
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solvent extraction polymer membranes sorption noble metal ions salen stability constant Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemical engineering TP155-156 |
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solvent extraction polymer membranes sorption noble metal ions salen stability constant Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemical engineering TP155-156 Katarzyna Witt Małgorzata A. Kaczorowska Daria Bożejewicz Włodzimierz Urbaniak Efficient Recovery of Noble Metal Ions (Pd<sup>2+</sup>, Ag<sup>+</sup>, Pt<sup>2+</sup>, and Au<sup>3+</sup>) from Aqueous Solutions Using <i>N,N'</i>-Bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (Salen) as an Extractant (Classic Solvent Extraction) and Carrier (Polymer Membranes) |
| description |
This paper presents the results of the first application of <i>N,N'</i>-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (salen) as an extractant in classical liquid–liquid extraction and as a carrier in membrane processes designed for the recovery of noble metal ions (Pd<sup>2+</sup>, Ag<sup>+</sup>, Pt<sup>2+</sup>, and Au<sup>3+</sup>) from aqueous solutions. In the case of the utilization of membranes, both sorption and desorption were investigated. Salen has not been used so far in the sorption processes of precious metal ions. Recovery experiments were performed on single-component solutions (containing only one type of metal ions) and polymetallic solutions (containing ions of all four metals). The stability constants of the obtained complexes were determined spectrophotometrically. In contrast, electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (ESI-HRMS) was applied to examine the elemental composition and charge of the generated complexes of chosen noble metal ions and salen molecules. The results show the great potential of <i>N,N'</i>-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine as both an extractant and a carrier. In the case of single-component solutions, the extraction percentage was over 99% for all noble metal ions (molar ratio M:L of 1:1), and in the case of a polymetallic solution, it was the lowest, but over 94% for platinum ions and the highest value (over 99%) for gold ions. The percentages of sorption (%Rs) of metal ions from single-component solutions using polymer membranes containing <i>N,N'</i>-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine as a carrier were highest after 24 h of the process (93.23% for silver(I) ions, 74.99% for gold(III) ions, 69.11% and 66.13% for palladium(II) and platinum(II) ions, respectively), similar to the values obtained for the membrane process conducted in multi-metal solutions (92.96%, 84.26%, 80.94%, and 48.36% for Pd(II), Au(III), Ag(I), and Pt(II) ions, respectively). The percentage of desorption (%R<sub>des</sub>) was very high for single-component solutions (the highest, i.e., 99%, for palladium solution and the lowest, i.e., 88%, for silver solution), while for polymetallic solutions, these values were slightly lower (for Pt(II), it was the lowest at 63.25%). |
| format |
article |
| author |
Katarzyna Witt Małgorzata A. Kaczorowska Daria Bożejewicz Włodzimierz Urbaniak |
| author_facet |
Katarzyna Witt Małgorzata A. Kaczorowska Daria Bożejewicz Włodzimierz Urbaniak |
| author_sort |
Katarzyna Witt |
| title |
Efficient Recovery of Noble Metal Ions (Pd<sup>2+</sup>, Ag<sup>+</sup>, Pt<sup>2+</sup>, and Au<sup>3+</sup>) from Aqueous Solutions Using <i>N,N'</i>-Bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (Salen) as an Extractant (Classic Solvent Extraction) and Carrier (Polymer Membranes) |
| title_short |
Efficient Recovery of Noble Metal Ions (Pd<sup>2+</sup>, Ag<sup>+</sup>, Pt<sup>2+</sup>, and Au<sup>3+</sup>) from Aqueous Solutions Using <i>N,N'</i>-Bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (Salen) as an Extractant (Classic Solvent Extraction) and Carrier (Polymer Membranes) |
| title_full |
Efficient Recovery of Noble Metal Ions (Pd<sup>2+</sup>, Ag<sup>+</sup>, Pt<sup>2+</sup>, and Au<sup>3+</sup>) from Aqueous Solutions Using <i>N,N'</i>-Bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (Salen) as an Extractant (Classic Solvent Extraction) and Carrier (Polymer Membranes) |
| title_fullStr |
Efficient Recovery of Noble Metal Ions (Pd<sup>2+</sup>, Ag<sup>+</sup>, Pt<sup>2+</sup>, and Au<sup>3+</sup>) from Aqueous Solutions Using <i>N,N'</i>-Bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (Salen) as an Extractant (Classic Solvent Extraction) and Carrier (Polymer Membranes) |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Efficient Recovery of Noble Metal Ions (Pd<sup>2+</sup>, Ag<sup>+</sup>, Pt<sup>2+</sup>, and Au<sup>3+</sup>) from Aqueous Solutions Using <i>N,N'</i>-Bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (Salen) as an Extractant (Classic Solvent Extraction) and Carrier (Polymer Membranes) |
| title_sort |
efficient recovery of noble metal ions (pd<sup>2+</sup>, ag<sup>+</sup>, pt<sup>2+</sup>, and au<sup>3+</sup>) from aqueous solutions using <i>n,n'</i>-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (salen) as an extractant (classic solvent extraction) and carrier (polymer membranes) |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/4ff96ba6c34d481a8b3f03f8da5f2100 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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