Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains

Abstract Climate-smart agriculture (CSA)-based management practices are getting popular across South-Asia as an alternative to the conventional system for particular weed suppression, resources conservation and environmental quality. An 8-year study (2012–2013 to 2019–2020) was conducted to understa...

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Autores principales: Hanuman S. Jat, Virender Kumar, Suresh K. Kakraliya, Ahmed M. Abdallah, Ashim Datta, Madhu Choudhary, Mahesh K. Gathala, Andrew J. McDonald, Mangi L. Jat, Parbodh C. Sharma
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Publicado: Nature Portfolio 2021
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:4ffe580d00be4b1dbf20df165b024b822021-12-02T17:06:32ZClimate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains10.1038/s41598-021-95445-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/4ffe580d00be4b1dbf20df165b024b822021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95445-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Climate-smart agriculture (CSA)-based management practices are getting popular across South-Asia as an alternative to the conventional system for particular weed suppression, resources conservation and environmental quality. An 8-year study (2012–2013 to 2019–2020) was conducted to understand the shift in weed density and diversity under different CSA-based management practices called scenarios (Sc). These Sc involved: Sc1, conventional tillage (CT)-based rice–wheat system with flood irrigation (farmers’ practice); Sc2, CT-rice, zero tillage (ZT)-wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CA-based); Sc3, ZT rice–wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CSA-based rice); Sc4, ZT maize–wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CSA-based maize); Sc5, ZT rice–wheat–mungbean with subsurface drip irrigation (full CSA-based rice); and Sc6, ZT maize–wheat–mungbean with subsurface drip irrigation (full CSA-based maize). The most abundant weed species were P. minor > A. arvensis > M. indicus > C. album and were favored by farmers’ practice. However, CSA-based management practices suppressed these species and favored S. nigrum and R. dentatus and the effect of CSAPs was more evident in the long-term. Maximum total weed density was observed for Sc1, while minimum value was recorded under full CSA-based maize systems, where seven weed-species vanished, and P. minor density declined to 0.33 instead of 25.93 plant m−2 after 8-years of continuous cultivation. Full CSA-based maize–wheat system could be a promising alternative for the conveniently managed rice–wheat system in weed suppression in north-west India.Hanuman S. JatVirender KumarSuresh K. KakraliyaAhmed M. AbdallahAshim DattaMadhu ChoudharyMahesh K. GathalaAndrew J. McDonaldMangi L. JatParbodh C. SharmaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Hanuman S. Jat
Virender Kumar
Suresh K. Kakraliya
Ahmed M. Abdallah
Ashim Datta
Madhu Choudhary
Mahesh K. Gathala
Andrew J. McDonald
Mangi L. Jat
Parbodh C. Sharma
Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains
description Abstract Climate-smart agriculture (CSA)-based management practices are getting popular across South-Asia as an alternative to the conventional system for particular weed suppression, resources conservation and environmental quality. An 8-year study (2012–2013 to 2019–2020) was conducted to understand the shift in weed density and diversity under different CSA-based management practices called scenarios (Sc). These Sc involved: Sc1, conventional tillage (CT)-based rice–wheat system with flood irrigation (farmers’ practice); Sc2, CT-rice, zero tillage (ZT)-wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CA-based); Sc3, ZT rice–wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CSA-based rice); Sc4, ZT maize–wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CSA-based maize); Sc5, ZT rice–wheat–mungbean with subsurface drip irrigation (full CSA-based rice); and Sc6, ZT maize–wheat–mungbean with subsurface drip irrigation (full CSA-based maize). The most abundant weed species were P. minor > A. arvensis > M. indicus > C. album and were favored by farmers’ practice. However, CSA-based management practices suppressed these species and favored S. nigrum and R. dentatus and the effect of CSAPs was more evident in the long-term. Maximum total weed density was observed for Sc1, while minimum value was recorded under full CSA-based maize systems, where seven weed-species vanished, and P. minor density declined to 0.33 instead of 25.93 plant m−2 after 8-years of continuous cultivation. Full CSA-based maize–wheat system could be a promising alternative for the conveniently managed rice–wheat system in weed suppression in north-west India.
format article
author Hanuman S. Jat
Virender Kumar
Suresh K. Kakraliya
Ahmed M. Abdallah
Ashim Datta
Madhu Choudhary
Mahesh K. Gathala
Andrew J. McDonald
Mangi L. Jat
Parbodh C. Sharma
author_facet Hanuman S. Jat
Virender Kumar
Suresh K. Kakraliya
Ahmed M. Abdallah
Ashim Datta
Madhu Choudhary
Mahesh K. Gathala
Andrew J. McDonald
Mangi L. Jat
Parbodh C. Sharma
author_sort Hanuman S. Jat
title Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains
title_short Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains
title_full Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains
title_fullStr Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains
title_full_unstemmed Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains
title_sort climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western indo-gangetic plains
publisher Nature Portfolio
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/4ffe580d00be4b1dbf20df165b024b82
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