Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains

Abstract Climate-smart agriculture (CSA)-based management practices are getting popular across South-Asia as an alternative to the conventional system for particular weed suppression, resources conservation and environmental quality. An 8-year study (2012–2013 to 2019–2020) was conducted to understa...

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Autores principales:	Hanuman S. Jat, Virender Kumar, Suresh K. Kakraliya, Ahmed M. Abdallah, Ashim Datta, Madhu Choudhary, Mahesh K. Gathala, Andrew J. McDonald, Mangi L. Jat, Parbodh C. Sharma
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4ffe580d00be4b1dbf20df165b024b82
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4ffe580d00be4b1dbf20df165b024b822021-12-02T17:06:32ZClimate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains10.1038/s41598-021-95445-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/4ffe580d00be4b1dbf20df165b024b822021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95445-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Climate-smart agriculture (CSA)-based management practices are getting popular across South-Asia as an alternative to the conventional system for particular weed suppression, resources conservation and environmental quality. An 8-year study (2012–2013 to 2019–2020) was conducted to understand the shift in weed density and diversity under different CSA-based management practices called scenarios (Sc). These Sc involved: Sc1, conventional tillage (CT)-based rice–wheat system with flood irrigation (farmers’ practice); Sc2, CT-rice, zero tillage (ZT)-wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CA-based); Sc3, ZT rice–wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CSA-based rice); Sc4, ZT maize–wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CSA-based maize); Sc5, ZT rice–wheat–mungbean with subsurface drip irrigation (full CSA-based rice); and Sc6, ZT maize–wheat–mungbean with subsurface drip irrigation (full CSA-based maize). The most abundant weed species were P. minor > A. arvensis > M. indicus > C. album and were favored by farmers’ practice. However, CSA-based management practices suppressed these species and favored S. nigrum and R. dentatus and the effect of CSAPs was more evident in the long-term. Maximum total weed density was observed for Sc1, while minimum value was recorded under full CSA-based maize systems, where seven weed-species vanished, and P. minor density declined to 0.33 instead of 25.93 plant m−2 after 8-years of continuous cultivation. Full CSA-based maize–wheat system could be a promising alternative for the conveniently managed rice–wheat system in weed suppression in north-west India.Hanuman S. JatVirender KumarSuresh K. KakraliyaAhmed M. AbdallahAshim DattaMadhu ChoudharyMahesh K. GathalaAndrew J. McDonaldMangi L. JatParbodh C. SharmaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Hanuman S. Jat Virender Kumar Suresh K. Kakraliya Ahmed M. Abdallah Ashim Datta Madhu Choudhary Mahesh K. Gathala Andrew J. McDonald Mangi L. Jat Parbodh C. Sharma Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains
description	Abstract Climate-smart agriculture (CSA)-based management practices are getting popular across South-Asia as an alternative to the conventional system for particular weed suppression, resources conservation and environmental quality. An 8-year study (2012–2013 to 2019–2020) was conducted to understand the shift in weed density and diversity under different CSA-based management practices called scenarios (Sc). These Sc involved: Sc1, conventional tillage (CT)-based rice–wheat system with flood irrigation (farmers’ practice); Sc2, CT-rice, zero tillage (ZT)-wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CA-based); Sc3, ZT rice–wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CSA-based rice); Sc4, ZT maize–wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CSA-based maize); Sc5, ZT rice–wheat–mungbean with subsurface drip irrigation (full CSA-based rice); and Sc6, ZT maize–wheat–mungbean with subsurface drip irrigation (full CSA-based maize). The most abundant weed species were P. minor > A. arvensis > M. indicus > C. album and were favored by farmers’ practice. However, CSA-based management practices suppressed these species and favored S. nigrum and R. dentatus and the effect of CSAPs was more evident in the long-term. Maximum total weed density was observed for Sc1, while minimum value was recorded under full CSA-based maize systems, where seven weed-species vanished, and P. minor density declined to 0.33 instead of 25.93 plant m−2 after 8-years of continuous cultivation. Full CSA-based maize–wheat system could be a promising alternative for the conveniently managed rice–wheat system in weed suppression in north-west India.
format	article
author	Hanuman S. Jat Virender Kumar Suresh K. Kakraliya Ahmed M. Abdallah Ashim Datta Madhu Choudhary Mahesh K. Gathala Andrew J. McDonald Mangi L. Jat Parbodh C. Sharma
author_facet	Hanuman S. Jat Virender Kumar Suresh K. Kakraliya Ahmed M. Abdallah Ashim Datta Madhu Choudhary Mahesh K. Gathala Andrew J. McDonald Mangi L. Jat Parbodh C. Sharma
author_sort	Hanuman S. Jat
title	Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains
title_short	Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains
title_full	Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains
title_fullStr	Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains
title_full_unstemmed	Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains
title_sort	climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western indo-gangetic plains
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4ffe580d00be4b1dbf20df165b024b82
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Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains

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