Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains
Abstract Climate-smart agriculture (CSA)-based management practices are getting popular across South-Asia as an alternative to the conventional system for particular weed suppression, resources conservation and environmental quality. An 8-year study (2012–2013 to 2019–2020) was conducted to understa...
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oai:doaj.org-article:4ffe580d00be4b1dbf20df165b024b822021-12-02T17:06:32ZClimate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains10.1038/s41598-021-95445-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/4ffe580d00be4b1dbf20df165b024b822021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95445-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Climate-smart agriculture (CSA)-based management practices are getting popular across South-Asia as an alternative to the conventional system for particular weed suppression, resources conservation and environmental quality. An 8-year study (2012–2013 to 2019–2020) was conducted to understand the shift in weed density and diversity under different CSA-based management practices called scenarios (Sc). These Sc involved: Sc1, conventional tillage (CT)-based rice–wheat system with flood irrigation (farmers’ practice); Sc2, CT-rice, zero tillage (ZT)-wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CA-based); Sc3, ZT rice–wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CSA-based rice); Sc4, ZT maize–wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CSA-based maize); Sc5, ZT rice–wheat–mungbean with subsurface drip irrigation (full CSA-based rice); and Sc6, ZT maize–wheat–mungbean with subsurface drip irrigation (full CSA-based maize). The most abundant weed species were P. minor > A. arvensis > M. indicus > C. album and were favored by farmers’ practice. However, CSA-based management practices suppressed these species and favored S. nigrum and R. dentatus and the effect of CSAPs was more evident in the long-term. Maximum total weed density was observed for Sc1, while minimum value was recorded under full CSA-based maize systems, where seven weed-species vanished, and P. minor density declined to 0.33 instead of 25.93 plant m−2 after 8-years of continuous cultivation. Full CSA-based maize–wheat system could be a promising alternative for the conveniently managed rice–wheat system in weed suppression in north-west India.Hanuman S. JatVirender KumarSuresh K. KakraliyaAhmed M. AbdallahAshim DattaMadhu ChoudharyMahesh K. GathalaAndrew J. McDonaldMangi L. JatParbodh C. SharmaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021) |
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Medicine R Science Q Hanuman S. Jat Virender Kumar Suresh K. Kakraliya Ahmed M. Abdallah Ashim Datta Madhu Choudhary Mahesh K. Gathala Andrew J. McDonald Mangi L. Jat Parbodh C. Sharma Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains |
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Abstract Climate-smart agriculture (CSA)-based management practices are getting popular across South-Asia as an alternative to the conventional system for particular weed suppression, resources conservation and environmental quality. An 8-year study (2012–2013 to 2019–2020) was conducted to understand the shift in weed density and diversity under different CSA-based management practices called scenarios (Sc). These Sc involved: Sc1, conventional tillage (CT)-based rice–wheat system with flood irrigation (farmers’ practice); Sc2, CT-rice, zero tillage (ZT)-wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CA-based); Sc3, ZT rice–wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CSA-based rice); Sc4, ZT maize–wheat–mungbean with flood irrigation (partial CSA-based maize); Sc5, ZT rice–wheat–mungbean with subsurface drip irrigation (full CSA-based rice); and Sc6, ZT maize–wheat–mungbean with subsurface drip irrigation (full CSA-based maize). The most abundant weed species were P. minor > A. arvensis > M. indicus > C. album and were favored by farmers’ practice. However, CSA-based management practices suppressed these species and favored S. nigrum and R. dentatus and the effect of CSAPs was more evident in the long-term. Maximum total weed density was observed for Sc1, while minimum value was recorded under full CSA-based maize systems, where seven weed-species vanished, and P. minor density declined to 0.33 instead of 25.93 plant m−2 after 8-years of continuous cultivation. Full CSA-based maize–wheat system could be a promising alternative for the conveniently managed rice–wheat system in weed suppression in north-west India. |
format |
article |
author |
Hanuman S. Jat Virender Kumar Suresh K. Kakraliya Ahmed M. Abdallah Ashim Datta Madhu Choudhary Mahesh K. Gathala Andrew J. McDonald Mangi L. Jat Parbodh C. Sharma |
author_facet |
Hanuman S. Jat Virender Kumar Suresh K. Kakraliya Ahmed M. Abdallah Ashim Datta Madhu Choudhary Mahesh K. Gathala Andrew J. McDonald Mangi L. Jat Parbodh C. Sharma |
author_sort |
Hanuman S. Jat |
title |
Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains |
title_short |
Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains |
title_full |
Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains |
title_fullStr |
Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains |
title_full_unstemmed |
Climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western Indo-Gangetic plains |
title_sort |
climate-smart agriculture practices influence weed density and diversity in cereal-based agri-food systems of western indo-gangetic plains |
publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/4ffe580d00be4b1dbf20df165b024b82 |
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