Psychophysical profiles in super-recognizers

Abstract Facial identity matching ability varies widely, ranging from prosopagnosic individuals (who exhibit profound impairments in face cognition/processing) to so-called super-recognizers (SRs), possessing exceptional capacities. Yet, despite the often consequential nature of face matching decisi...

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Auteurs principaux:	Jeffrey D. Nador, Matteo Zoia, Matthew V. Pachai, Meike Ramon
Format:	article
Langue:	EN
Publié:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Sujets:	Medicine R Science Q
Accès en ligne:	https://doaj.org/article/5009ee8088c642caad6da0147d7d8870
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:5009ee8088c642caad6da0147d7d8870
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5009ee8088c642caad6da0147d7d88702021-12-02T18:02:44ZPsychophysical profiles in super-recognizers10.1038/s41598-021-92549-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/5009ee8088c642caad6da0147d7d88702021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92549-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Facial identity matching ability varies widely, ranging from prosopagnosic individuals (who exhibit profound impairments in face cognition/processing) to so-called super-recognizers (SRs), possessing exceptional capacities. Yet, despite the often consequential nature of face matching decisions—such as identity verification in security critical settings—ability assessments tendentially rely on simple performance metrics on a handful of heterogeneously related subprocesses, or in some cases only a single measured subprocess. Unfortunately, methodologies of this ilk leave contributions of stimulus information to observed variations in ability largely un(der)specified. Moreover, they are inadequate for addressing the qualitative or quantitative nature of differences between SRs’ abilities and those of the general population. Here, therefore, we sought to investigate individual differences—among SRs identified using a novel conservative diagnostic framework, and neurotypical controls—by systematically varying retinal availability, bandwidth, and orientation of faces’ spatial frequency content in two face matching experiments. Psychophysical evaluations of these parameters’ contributions to ability reveal that SRs more consistently exploit the same spatial frequency information, rather than suggesting qualitatively different profiles between control observers and SRs. These findings stress the importance of optimizing procedures for SR identification, for example by including measures quantifying the consistency of individuals’ behavior.Jeffrey D. NadorMatteo ZoiaMatthew V. PachaiMeike RamonNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jeffrey D. Nador Matteo Zoia Matthew V. Pachai Meike Ramon Psychophysical profiles in super-recognizers
description	Abstract Facial identity matching ability varies widely, ranging from prosopagnosic individuals (who exhibit profound impairments in face cognition/processing) to so-called super-recognizers (SRs), possessing exceptional capacities. Yet, despite the often consequential nature of face matching decisions—such as identity verification in security critical settings—ability assessments tendentially rely on simple performance metrics on a handful of heterogeneously related subprocesses, or in some cases only a single measured subprocess. Unfortunately, methodologies of this ilk leave contributions of stimulus information to observed variations in ability largely un(der)specified. Moreover, they are inadequate for addressing the qualitative or quantitative nature of differences between SRs’ abilities and those of the general population. Here, therefore, we sought to investigate individual differences—among SRs identified using a novel conservative diagnostic framework, and neurotypical controls—by systematically varying retinal availability, bandwidth, and orientation of faces’ spatial frequency content in two face matching experiments. Psychophysical evaluations of these parameters’ contributions to ability reveal that SRs more consistently exploit the same spatial frequency information, rather than suggesting qualitatively different profiles between control observers and SRs. These findings stress the importance of optimizing procedures for SR identification, for example by including measures quantifying the consistency of individuals’ behavior.
format	article
author	Jeffrey D. Nador Matteo Zoia Matthew V. Pachai Meike Ramon
author_facet	Jeffrey D. Nador Matteo Zoia Matthew V. Pachai Meike Ramon
author_sort	Jeffrey D. Nador
title	Psychophysical profiles in super-recognizers
title_short	Psychophysical profiles in super-recognizers
title_full	Psychophysical profiles in super-recognizers
title_fullStr	Psychophysical profiles in super-recognizers
title_full_unstemmed	Psychophysical profiles in super-recognizers
title_sort	psychophysical profiles in super-recognizers
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5009ee8088c642caad6da0147d7d8870
work_keys_str_mv	AT jeffreydnador psychophysicalprofilesinsuperrecognizers AT matteozoia psychophysicalprofilesinsuperrecognizers AT matthewvpachai psychophysicalprofilesinsuperrecognizers AT meikeramon psychophysicalprofilesinsuperrecognizers
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Psychophysical profiles in super-recognizers

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