Evaluating the influence of epidemiological parameters and host ecology on the spread of phocine distemper virus through populations of harbour seals.

<h4>Background</h4>Outbreaks of phocine distemper virus (PDV) in Europe during 1988 and 2002 were responsible for the death of around 23,000 and 30,000 harbour seals, respectively. These epidemics, particularly the one in 2002, provided an unusual opportunity to estimate epidemic paramet...

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Autores principales:	Catriona M Harris, Justin M J Travis, John Harwood
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2008
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5010eb483c33448da1ed7f83e1063637
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5010eb483c33448da1ed7f83e10636372021-11-25T06:11:34ZEvaluating the influence of epidemiological parameters and host ecology on the spread of phocine distemper virus through populations of harbour seals.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0002710https://doaj.org/article/5010eb483c33448da1ed7f83e10636372008-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/18628992/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Outbreaks of phocine distemper virus (PDV) in Europe during 1988 and 2002 were responsible for the death of around 23,000 and 30,000 harbour seals, respectively. These epidemics, particularly the one in 2002, provided an unusual opportunity to estimate epidemic parameters for a wildlife disease. There were marked regional differences in the values of some parameters both within and between epidemics.<h4>Methodology and principal findings</h4>We used an individual-based model of seal movement that allowed us to incorporate realistic representations of space, time and animal behaviour into a traditional epidemiological modelling framework. We explored the potential influence of a range of ecological (foraging trip duration, time of epidemic onset, population size) and epidemiological (length of infectious period, contact rate between infectious and susceptible individuals, case mortality) parameters on four readily-measurable epidemic characteristics (number of dead individuals, duration of epidemic, peak mortality date and prevalence) and on the probability that an epidemic would occur in a particular region. We analysed the outputs as if they were the results of a series of virtual experiments, using Generalised Linear Modelling. All six variables had a significant effect on the probability that an epidemic would be recognised as an unusual mortality event by human observers.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Regional and temporal variation in contact rate was the most likely cause of the observed differences between the two epidemics. This variation could be a consequence of differences in the way individuals divide their time between land and sea at different times of the year.Catriona M HarrisJustin M J TravisJohn HarwoodPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 3, Iss 7, p e2710 (2008)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Catriona M Harris Justin M J Travis John Harwood Evaluating the influence of epidemiological parameters and host ecology on the spread of phocine distemper virus through populations of harbour seals.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Outbreaks of phocine distemper virus (PDV) in Europe during 1988 and 2002 were responsible for the death of around 23,000 and 30,000 harbour seals, respectively. These epidemics, particularly the one in 2002, provided an unusual opportunity to estimate epidemic parameters for a wildlife disease. There were marked regional differences in the values of some parameters both within and between epidemics.<h4>Methodology and principal findings</h4>We used an individual-based model of seal movement that allowed us to incorporate realistic representations of space, time and animal behaviour into a traditional epidemiological modelling framework. We explored the potential influence of a range of ecological (foraging trip duration, time of epidemic onset, population size) and epidemiological (length of infectious period, contact rate between infectious and susceptible individuals, case mortality) parameters on four readily-measurable epidemic characteristics (number of dead individuals, duration of epidemic, peak mortality date and prevalence) and on the probability that an epidemic would occur in a particular region. We analysed the outputs as if they were the results of a series of virtual experiments, using Generalised Linear Modelling. All six variables had a significant effect on the probability that an epidemic would be recognised as an unusual mortality event by human observers.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Regional and temporal variation in contact rate was the most likely cause of the observed differences between the two epidemics. This variation could be a consequence of differences in the way individuals divide their time between land and sea at different times of the year.
format	article
author	Catriona M Harris Justin M J Travis John Harwood
author_facet	Catriona M Harris Justin M J Travis John Harwood
author_sort	Catriona M Harris
title	Evaluating the influence of epidemiological parameters and host ecology on the spread of phocine distemper virus through populations of harbour seals.
title_short	Evaluating the influence of epidemiological parameters and host ecology on the spread of phocine distemper virus through populations of harbour seals.
title_full	Evaluating the influence of epidemiological parameters and host ecology on the spread of phocine distemper virus through populations of harbour seals.
title_fullStr	Evaluating the influence of epidemiological parameters and host ecology on the spread of phocine distemper virus through populations of harbour seals.
title_full_unstemmed	Evaluating the influence of epidemiological parameters and host ecology on the spread of phocine distemper virus through populations of harbour seals.
title_sort	evaluating the influence of epidemiological parameters and host ecology on the spread of phocine distemper virus through populations of harbour seals.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2008
url	https://doaj.org/article/5010eb483c33448da1ed7f83e1063637
work_keys_str_mv	AT catrionamharris evaluatingtheinfluenceofepidemiologicalparametersandhostecologyonthespreadofphocinedistempervirusthroughpopulationsofharbourseals AT justinmjtravis evaluatingtheinfluenceofepidemiologicalparametersandhostecologyonthespreadofphocinedistempervirusthroughpopulationsofharbourseals AT johnharwood evaluatingtheinfluenceofepidemiologicalparametersandhostecologyonthespreadofphocinedistempervirusthroughpopulationsofharbourseals
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Evaluating the influence of epidemiological parameters and host ecology on the spread of phocine distemper virus through populations of harbour seals.

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