Self-reported mask-related worrying reduces relative avoidance bias toward unmasked faces in individuals with low Covid19 anxiety syndrome

Abstract Facial masks have become and may remain ubiquitous. Though important for preventing infection, they may also serve as a reminder of the risks of disease. Thus, they may either act as cues for threat, priming avoidance-related behavior, or as cues for a safe interaction, priming social appro...

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Autores principales:	Anand Krishna, Johannes Rodrigues, Vanessa Mitschke, Andreas B. Eder
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	SpringerOpen 2021
Materias:	Approach-avoidance Covid19 Masks Anxiety Consciousness. Cognition BF309-499
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/5028c2515f994f269db0c2d5cd25c90c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:5028c2515f994f269db0c2d5cd25c90c2021-11-28T12:28:04ZSelf-reported mask-related worrying reduces relative avoidance bias toward unmasked faces in individuals with low Covid19 anxiety syndrome10.1186/s41235-021-00344-82365-7464https://doaj.org/article/5028c2515f994f269db0c2d5cd25c90c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-021-00344-8https://doaj.org/toc/2365-7464Abstract Facial masks have become and may remain ubiquitous. Though important for preventing infection, they may also serve as a reminder of the risks of disease. Thus, they may either act as cues for threat, priming avoidance-related behavior, or as cues for a safe interaction, priming social approach. To distinguish between these possibilities, we assessed implicit and explicit evaluations of masked individuals as well as avoidance bias toward relatively unsafe interactions with unmasked individuals in an approach-avoidance task in an online study. We further assessed Covid19 anxiety and specific attitudes toward mask-wearing, including mask effectiveness and desirability, hindrance of communication from masks, aesthetic appeal of masks, and mask-related worrying. Across one sample of younger (18–35 years, N = 147) and one of older adults (60+ years, N = 150), we found neither an average approach nor avoidance bias toward mask-wearing compared to unmasked individuals in the indirect behavior measurement task. However, across the combined sample, self-reported mask-related worrying correlated with reduced avoidance tendencies toward unmasked individuals when Covid19 anxiety was low, but not when it was high. This relationship was specific to avoidance tendencies and was not observed in respect to explicit or implicit preference for mask-wearing individuals. We conclude that unsafe interaction styles may be reduced by targeting mask-related worrying with public interventions, in particular for populations that otherwise have low generalized Covid19 anxiety.Anand KrishnaJohannes RodriguesVanessa MitschkeAndreas B. EderSpringerOpenarticleApproach-avoidanceCovid19MasksAnxietyConsciousness. CognitionBF309-499ENCognitive Research, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Approach-avoidance Covid19 Masks Anxiety Consciousness. Cognition BF309-499
spellingShingle	Approach-avoidance Covid19 Masks Anxiety Consciousness. Cognition BF309-499 Anand Krishna Johannes Rodrigues Vanessa Mitschke Andreas B. Eder Self-reported mask-related worrying reduces relative avoidance bias toward unmasked faces in individuals with low Covid19 anxiety syndrome
description	Abstract Facial masks have become and may remain ubiquitous. Though important for preventing infection, they may also serve as a reminder of the risks of disease. Thus, they may either act as cues for threat, priming avoidance-related behavior, or as cues for a safe interaction, priming social approach. To distinguish between these possibilities, we assessed implicit and explicit evaluations of masked individuals as well as avoidance bias toward relatively unsafe interactions with unmasked individuals in an approach-avoidance task in an online study. We further assessed Covid19 anxiety and specific attitudes toward mask-wearing, including mask effectiveness and desirability, hindrance of communication from masks, aesthetic appeal of masks, and mask-related worrying. Across one sample of younger (18–35 years, N = 147) and one of older adults (60+ years, N = 150), we found neither an average approach nor avoidance bias toward mask-wearing compared to unmasked individuals in the indirect behavior measurement task. However, across the combined sample, self-reported mask-related worrying correlated with reduced avoidance tendencies toward unmasked individuals when Covid19 anxiety was low, but not when it was high. This relationship was specific to avoidance tendencies and was not observed in respect to explicit or implicit preference for mask-wearing individuals. We conclude that unsafe interaction styles may be reduced by targeting mask-related worrying with public interventions, in particular for populations that otherwise have low generalized Covid19 anxiety.
format	article
author	Anand Krishna Johannes Rodrigues Vanessa Mitschke Andreas B. Eder
author_facet	Anand Krishna Johannes Rodrigues Vanessa Mitschke Andreas B. Eder
author_sort	Anand Krishna
title	Self-reported mask-related worrying reduces relative avoidance bias toward unmasked faces in individuals with low Covid19 anxiety syndrome
title_short	Self-reported mask-related worrying reduces relative avoidance bias toward unmasked faces in individuals with low Covid19 anxiety syndrome
title_full	Self-reported mask-related worrying reduces relative avoidance bias toward unmasked faces in individuals with low Covid19 anxiety syndrome
title_fullStr	Self-reported mask-related worrying reduces relative avoidance bias toward unmasked faces in individuals with low Covid19 anxiety syndrome
title_full_unstemmed	Self-reported mask-related worrying reduces relative avoidance bias toward unmasked faces in individuals with low Covid19 anxiety syndrome
title_sort	self-reported mask-related worrying reduces relative avoidance bias toward unmasked faces in individuals with low covid19 anxiety syndrome
publisher	SpringerOpen
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/5028c2515f994f269db0c2d5cd25c90c
work_keys_str_mv	AT anandkrishna selfreportedmaskrelatedworryingreducesrelativeavoidancebiastowardunmaskedfacesinindividualswithlowcovid19anxietysyndrome AT johannesrodrigues selfreportedmaskrelatedworryingreducesrelativeavoidancebiastowardunmaskedfacesinindividualswithlowcovid19anxietysyndrome AT vanessamitschke selfreportedmaskrelatedworryingreducesrelativeavoidancebiastowardunmaskedfacesinindividualswithlowcovid19anxietysyndrome AT andreasbeder selfreportedmaskrelatedworryingreducesrelativeavoidancebiastowardunmaskedfacesinindividualswithlowcovid19anxietysyndrome
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Self-reported mask-related worrying reduces relative avoidance bias toward unmasked faces in individuals with low Covid19 anxiety syndrome

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