Effective Dispersal of Caribbean Reef Fish is Smaller than Current Spacing Among Marine Protected Areas

Abstract The oceans are deteriorating at a fast pace. Conservation measures, such as Marine Protected Areas, are being implemented to relieve areas from local stressors and allow populations to restore to natural levels. Successful networks of MPAs operate if the space among MPAs is smaller than the...

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Autores principales:	Diana M. Beltrán, Nikolaos V. Schizas, Richard S. Appeldoorn, Carlos Prada
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/50428844c3dd4fb2be8ad7db5d5e710a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:50428844c3dd4fb2be8ad7db5d5e710a2021-12-02T12:30:36ZEffective Dispersal of Caribbean Reef Fish is Smaller than Current Spacing Among Marine Protected Areas10.1038/s41598-017-04849-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/50428844c3dd4fb2be8ad7db5d5e710a2017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-04849-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The oceans are deteriorating at a fast pace. Conservation measures, such as Marine Protected Areas, are being implemented to relieve areas from local stressors and allow populations to restore to natural levels. Successful networks of MPAs operate if the space among MPAs is smaller than the dispersal capacity of the species under protection. We studied connectivity patterns across populations in a series of MPAs in the common yellowhead Jawfish, Opistognathus aurifrons. Using the power of genome-wide variation, we estimated that the maximum effective dispersal is 8.3 km. We found that MPAs exchange migrants likely via intermediate unprotected habitats through stepping stone dispersal. At scales >50 km such connectivity is decreased, particularly across the Mona Passage. The MPA network studied would be unable to maintain connectivity of these small benthic fishes if habitat in between them is extirpated. Our study highlights the power of SNPs to derive effective dispersal distance and the ability of SNPs to make inferences from single individuals. Given that overall reef fish diversity is driven by species with life histories similar to that of the yellowhead jawfish, managers face a challenge to develop strategies that allow connectivity and avoid isolation of populations and their possible extinction.Diana M. BeltránNikolaos V. SchizasRichard S. AppeldoornCarlos PradaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Diana M. Beltrán Nikolaos V. Schizas Richard S. Appeldoorn Carlos Prada Effective Dispersal of Caribbean Reef Fish is Smaller than Current Spacing Among Marine Protected Areas
description	Abstract The oceans are deteriorating at a fast pace. Conservation measures, such as Marine Protected Areas, are being implemented to relieve areas from local stressors and allow populations to restore to natural levels. Successful networks of MPAs operate if the space among MPAs is smaller than the dispersal capacity of the species under protection. We studied connectivity patterns across populations in a series of MPAs in the common yellowhead Jawfish, Opistognathus aurifrons. Using the power of genome-wide variation, we estimated that the maximum effective dispersal is 8.3 km. We found that MPAs exchange migrants likely via intermediate unprotected habitats through stepping stone dispersal. At scales >50 km such connectivity is decreased, particularly across the Mona Passage. The MPA network studied would be unable to maintain connectivity of these small benthic fishes if habitat in between them is extirpated. Our study highlights the power of SNPs to derive effective dispersal distance and the ability of SNPs to make inferences from single individuals. Given that overall reef fish diversity is driven by species with life histories similar to that of the yellowhead jawfish, managers face a challenge to develop strategies that allow connectivity and avoid isolation of populations and their possible extinction.
format	article
author	Diana M. Beltrán Nikolaos V. Schizas Richard S. Appeldoorn Carlos Prada
author_facet	Diana M. Beltrán Nikolaos V. Schizas Richard S. Appeldoorn Carlos Prada
author_sort	Diana M. Beltrán
title	Effective Dispersal of Caribbean Reef Fish is Smaller than Current Spacing Among Marine Protected Areas
title_short	Effective Dispersal of Caribbean Reef Fish is Smaller than Current Spacing Among Marine Protected Areas
title_full	Effective Dispersal of Caribbean Reef Fish is Smaller than Current Spacing Among Marine Protected Areas
title_fullStr	Effective Dispersal of Caribbean Reef Fish is Smaller than Current Spacing Among Marine Protected Areas
title_full_unstemmed	Effective Dispersal of Caribbean Reef Fish is Smaller than Current Spacing Among Marine Protected Areas
title_sort	effective dispersal of caribbean reef fish is smaller than current spacing among marine protected areas
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/50428844c3dd4fb2be8ad7db5d5e710a
work_keys_str_mv	AT dianambeltran effectivedispersalofcaribbeanreeffishissmallerthancurrentspacingamongmarineprotectedareas AT nikolaosvschizas effectivedispersalofcaribbeanreeffishissmallerthancurrentspacingamongmarineprotectedareas AT richardsappeldoorn effectivedispersalofcaribbeanreeffishissmallerthancurrentspacingamongmarineprotectedareas AT carlosprada effectivedispersalofcaribbeanreeffishissmallerthancurrentspacingamongmarineprotectedareas
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Effective Dispersal of Caribbean Reef Fish is Smaller than Current Spacing Among Marine Protected Areas

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