Neuroprogression: the hidden mechanism of depression

Norma A Labra Ruiz,1 Daniel Santamaría del Ángel,1 Hugo Juárez Olguín,2 Miroslava Lindoro Silva2 1Laboratory of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria (INP), Mexico City, Mexico; 2Laboratory of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatr&iacute...

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Autores principales:	Labra Ruiz NA, Santamaría del Ángel D, Juárez Olguín H, Lindoro Silva M
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2018
Materias:	Depressive disorder monoamines neuroprogression neuroendocrine Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/50a8c775823a4144a3092eeffc86a539
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:50a8c775823a4144a3092eeffc86a5392021-12-02T01:58:46ZNeuroprogression: the hidden mechanism of depression1178-2021https://doaj.org/article/50a8c775823a4144a3092eeffc86a5392018-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/neuroprogression-the-hidden-mechanism-of-depression-peer-reviewed-article-NDThttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021Norma A Labra Ruiz,1 Daniel Santamaría del Ángel,1 Hugo Juárez Olguín,2 Miroslava Lindoro Silva2 1Laboratory of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria (INP), Mexico City, Mexico; 2Laboratory of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico Abstract: For many years, depressive disorder (DD) was considered a transient and natural disease of people´s mood. Its etiology had been attributed mainly to biochemical alterations of the monoamines and their receptors. Nevertheless, its prevalence and considerable impact on the family and social environment of those afflicted by it have placed the disease as a global public health problem. Neuroprogression is the term used to describe the changes in several psychiatric conditions evidenced and observed in the clinical manifestations, biochemical markers, and cerebral structures of the patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), which frequently overlap with neurodegenerative disorders. DD is considered a potentially aggressive state of neuronal deterioration involving apoptosis, reduced neurogenesis, decreased neuronal plasticity, and increased immune response. Clinically, it encompasses a poor response to treatment and an increase in depressive episodes, both of which bring about vulnerability and decline of functions associated with structural changes in the brain. The interest of this work is to review the metabolic processes involved in the morphologic alterations in the limbic system reported in patients with MDD, as well as the neurologic bases of this complex pathology that include environmental stress, genetic vulnerability, alterations in the neurotransmission, and changes in the neuroplasticity, all of which today bring into limelight a mechanism of progressive neuronal damage. Keywords: depressive disorder, monoamines, neuroprogression, neuroendocrineLabra Ruiz NASantamaría del Ángel DJuárez Olguín HLindoro Silva MDove Medical PressarticleDepressive disordermonoaminesneuroprogressionneuroendocrineNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol Volume 14, Pp 2837-2845 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Depressive disorder monoamines neuroprogression neuroendocrine Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429
spellingShingle	Depressive disorder monoamines neuroprogression neuroendocrine Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system RC346-429 Labra Ruiz NA Santamaría del Ángel D Juárez Olguín H Lindoro Silva M Neuroprogression: the hidden mechanism of depression
description	Norma A Labra Ruiz,1 Daniel Santamaría del Ángel,1 Hugo Juárez Olguín,2 Miroslava Lindoro Silva2 1Laboratory of Neurosciences, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria (INP), Mexico City, Mexico; 2Laboratory of Pharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico Abstract: For many years, depressive disorder (DD) was considered a transient and natural disease of people´s mood. Its etiology had been attributed mainly to biochemical alterations of the monoamines and their receptors. Nevertheless, its prevalence and considerable impact on the family and social environment of those afflicted by it have placed the disease as a global public health problem. Neuroprogression is the term used to describe the changes in several psychiatric conditions evidenced and observed in the clinical manifestations, biochemical markers, and cerebral structures of the patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), which frequently overlap with neurodegenerative disorders. DD is considered a potentially aggressive state of neuronal deterioration involving apoptosis, reduced neurogenesis, decreased neuronal plasticity, and increased immune response. Clinically, it encompasses a poor response to treatment and an increase in depressive episodes, both of which bring about vulnerability and decline of functions associated with structural changes in the brain. The interest of this work is to review the metabolic processes involved in the morphologic alterations in the limbic system reported in patients with MDD, as well as the neurologic bases of this complex pathology that include environmental stress, genetic vulnerability, alterations in the neurotransmission, and changes in the neuroplasticity, all of which today bring into limelight a mechanism of progressive neuronal damage. Keywords: depressive disorder, monoamines, neuroprogression, neuroendocrine
format	article
author	Labra Ruiz NA Santamaría del Ángel D Juárez Olguín H Lindoro Silva M
author_facet	Labra Ruiz NA Santamaría del Ángel D Juárez Olguín H Lindoro Silva M
author_sort	Labra Ruiz NA
title	Neuroprogression: the hidden mechanism of depression
title_short	Neuroprogression: the hidden mechanism of depression
title_full	Neuroprogression: the hidden mechanism of depression
title_fullStr	Neuroprogression: the hidden mechanism of depression
title_full_unstemmed	Neuroprogression: the hidden mechanism of depression
title_sort	neuroprogression: the hidden mechanism of depression
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/50a8c775823a4144a3092eeffc86a539
work_keys_str_mv	AT labraruizna neuroprogressionthehiddenmechanismofdepression AT santamariadelangeld neuroprogressionthehiddenmechanismofdepression AT juarezolguinh neuroprogressionthehiddenmechanismofdepression AT lindorosilvam neuroprogressionthehiddenmechanismofdepression
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Neuroprogression: the hidden mechanism of depression

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