Phylogeographic pattern and extensive mitochondrial DNA divergence disclose a species complex within the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata.

<h4>Background</h4>Triatoma dimidiata is among the main vectors of Chagas disease in Latin America. However, and despite important advances, there is no consensus about the taxonomic status of phenotypically divergent T. dimidiata populations, which in most recent papers are regarded as...

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Autores principales:	Fernando A Monteiro, Tatiana Peretolchina, Cristiano Lazoski, Kecia Harris, Ellen M Dotson, Fernando Abad-Franch, Elsa Tamayo, Pamela M Pennington, Carlota Monroy, Celia Cordon-Rosales, Paz Maria Salazar-Schettino, Andrés Gómez-Palacio, Mario J Grijalva, Charles B Beard, Paula L Marcet
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/50adb5f647a8485d81ae2e4aaf74fec4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:50adb5f647a8485d81ae2e4aaf74fec42021-11-18T09:01:13ZPhylogeographic pattern and extensive mitochondrial DNA divergence disclose a species complex within the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0070974https://doaj.org/article/50adb5f647a8485d81ae2e4aaf74fec42013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23940678/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Triatoma dimidiata is among the main vectors of Chagas disease in Latin America. However, and despite important advances, there is no consensus about the taxonomic status of phenotypically divergent T. dimidiata populations, which in most recent papers are regarded as subspecies.<h4>Methodology and findings</h4>A total of 126 cyt b sequences (621 bp long) were produced for specimens from across the species range. Forty-seven selected specimens representing the main cyt b clades observed (after a preliminary phylogenetic analysis) were also sequenced for an ND4 fragment (554 bp long) and concatenated with their respective cyt b sequences to produce a combined data set totalling 1175 bp/individual. Bayesian and Maximum-Likelihood phylogenetic analyses of both data sets (cyt b, and cyt b+ND4) disclosed four strongly divergent (all pairwise Kimura 2-parameter distances >0.08), monophyletic groups: Group I occurs from Southern Mexico through Central America into Colombia, with Ecuadorian specimens resembling Nicaraguan material; Group II includes samples from Western-Southwestern Mexico; Group III comprises specimens from the Yucatán peninsula; and Group IV consists of sylvatic samples from Belize. The closely-related, yet formally recognized species T. hegneri from the island of Cozumel falls within the divergence range of the T. dimidiata populations studied.<h4>Conclusions</h4>We propose that Groups I-IV, as well as T. hegneri, should be regarded as separate species. In the Petén of Guatemala, representatives of Groups I, II, and III occur in sympatry; the absence of haplotypes with intermediate genetic distances, as shown by multimodal mismatch distribution plots, clearly indicates that reproductive barriers actively promote within-group cohesion. Some sylvatic specimens from Belize belong to a different species - likely the basal lineage of the T. dimidiata complex, originated ~8.25 Mya. The evidence presented here strongly supports the proposition that T. dimidiata is a complex of five cryptic species (Groups I-IV plus T. hegneri) that play different roles as vectors of Chagas disease in the region.Fernando A MonteiroTatiana PeretolchinaCristiano LazoskiKecia HarrisEllen M DotsonFernando Abad-FranchElsa TamayoPamela M PenningtonCarlota MonroyCelia Cordon-RosalesPaz Maria Salazar-SchettinoAndrés Gómez-PalacioMario J GrijalvaCharles B BeardPaula L MarcetPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 8, p e70974 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Fernando A Monteiro Tatiana Peretolchina Cristiano Lazoski Kecia Harris Ellen M Dotson Fernando Abad-Franch Elsa Tamayo Pamela M Pennington Carlota Monroy Celia Cordon-Rosales Paz Maria Salazar-Schettino Andrés Gómez-Palacio Mario J Grijalva Charles B Beard Paula L Marcet Phylogeographic pattern and extensive mitochondrial DNA divergence disclose a species complex within the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Triatoma dimidiata is among the main vectors of Chagas disease in Latin America. However, and despite important advances, there is no consensus about the taxonomic status of phenotypically divergent T. dimidiata populations, which in most recent papers are regarded as subspecies.<h4>Methodology and findings</h4>A total of 126 cyt b sequences (621 bp long) were produced for specimens from across the species range. Forty-seven selected specimens representing the main cyt b clades observed (after a preliminary phylogenetic analysis) were also sequenced for an ND4 fragment (554 bp long) and concatenated with their respective cyt b sequences to produce a combined data set totalling 1175 bp/individual. Bayesian and Maximum-Likelihood phylogenetic analyses of both data sets (cyt b, and cyt b+ND4) disclosed four strongly divergent (all pairwise Kimura 2-parameter distances >0.08), monophyletic groups: Group I occurs from Southern Mexico through Central America into Colombia, with Ecuadorian specimens resembling Nicaraguan material; Group II includes samples from Western-Southwestern Mexico; Group III comprises specimens from the Yucatán peninsula; and Group IV consists of sylvatic samples from Belize. The closely-related, yet formally recognized species T. hegneri from the island of Cozumel falls within the divergence range of the T. dimidiata populations studied.<h4>Conclusions</h4>We propose that Groups I-IV, as well as T. hegneri, should be regarded as separate species. In the Petén of Guatemala, representatives of Groups I, II, and III occur in sympatry; the absence of haplotypes with intermediate genetic distances, as shown by multimodal mismatch distribution plots, clearly indicates that reproductive barriers actively promote within-group cohesion. Some sylvatic specimens from Belize belong to a different species - likely the basal lineage of the T. dimidiata complex, originated ~8.25 Mya. The evidence presented here strongly supports the proposition that T. dimidiata is a complex of five cryptic species (Groups I-IV plus T. hegneri) that play different roles as vectors of Chagas disease in the region.
format	article
author	Fernando A Monteiro Tatiana Peretolchina Cristiano Lazoski Kecia Harris Ellen M Dotson Fernando Abad-Franch Elsa Tamayo Pamela M Pennington Carlota Monroy Celia Cordon-Rosales Paz Maria Salazar-Schettino Andrés Gómez-Palacio Mario J Grijalva Charles B Beard Paula L Marcet
author_facet	Fernando A Monteiro Tatiana Peretolchina Cristiano Lazoski Kecia Harris Ellen M Dotson Fernando Abad-Franch Elsa Tamayo Pamela M Pennington Carlota Monroy Celia Cordon-Rosales Paz Maria Salazar-Schettino Andrés Gómez-Palacio Mario J Grijalva Charles B Beard Paula L Marcet
author_sort	Fernando A Monteiro
title	Phylogeographic pattern and extensive mitochondrial DNA divergence disclose a species complex within the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata.
title_short	Phylogeographic pattern and extensive mitochondrial DNA divergence disclose a species complex within the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata.
title_full	Phylogeographic pattern and extensive mitochondrial DNA divergence disclose a species complex within the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata.
title_fullStr	Phylogeographic pattern and extensive mitochondrial DNA divergence disclose a species complex within the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata.
title_full_unstemmed	Phylogeographic pattern and extensive mitochondrial DNA divergence disclose a species complex within the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata.
title_sort	phylogeographic pattern and extensive mitochondrial dna divergence disclose a species complex within the chagas disease vector triatoma dimidiata.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/50adb5f647a8485d81ae2e4aaf74fec4
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Phylogeographic pattern and extensive mitochondrial DNA divergence disclose a species complex within the Chagas disease vector Triatoma dimidiata.

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