Insights into the molecular determinants involved in Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence and their therapeutic implications

The establishment of persistent infections and the reactivation of persistent bacteria to active bacilli are the two hurdles in effective tuberculosis treatment. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an etiologic tuberculosis agent, adapts to numerous antibiotics and resists the host immune system causing a d...

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Autores principales:	Hemant Joshi, Divya Kandari, Rakesh Bhatnagar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2021
Materias:	mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence in vitro stress models tuberculosis biomarkers therapeutic approaches antibiotic tolerance resuscitation host immune system Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/50bf9acebbc441e5bded216490069411
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:50bf9acebbc441e5bded2164900694112021-11-04T15:00:45ZInsights into the molecular determinants involved in Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence and their therapeutic implications2150-55942150-560810.1080/21505594.2021.1990660https://doaj.org/article/50bf9acebbc441e5bded2164900694112021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2021.1990660https://doaj.org/toc/2150-5594https://doaj.org/toc/2150-5608The establishment of persistent infections and the reactivation of persistent bacteria to active bacilli are the two hurdles in effective tuberculosis treatment. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an etiologic tuberculosis agent, adapts to numerous antibiotics and resists the host immune system causing a disease of public health concern. Extensive research has been employed to combat this disease due to its sheer ability to persist in the host system, undetected, waiting for the opportunity to declare itself. Persisters are a bacterial subpopulation that possesses transient tolerance to high doses of antibiotics. There are certain inherent mechanisms that facilitate the persister cell formation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, some of those had been characterized in the past namely, stringent response, transcriptional regulators, energy production pathways, lipid metabolism, cell wall remodeling enzymes, phosphate metabolism, and proteasome protein degradation. This article reviews the recent advancements made in various in vitro persistence models that assist to unravel the mechanisms involved in the persister cell formation and to hunt for the possible preventive or treatment measures. To tackle the persister population the immunodominant proteins that express specifically at the latent phase of infection can be used for diagnosis to distinguish between the active and latent tuberculosis, as well as to select potential drug or vaccine candidates. In addition, we discuss the genes engaged in the persistence to get more insights into resuscitation and persister cell formation. The in-depth understanding of persistent cells of mycobacteria can certainly unravel novel ways to target the pathogen and tackle its persistence.Hemant JoshiDivya KandariRakesh BhatnagarTaylor & Francis Grouparticlemycobacterium tuberculosispersistencein vitro stress modelstuberculosis biomarkerstherapeutic approachesantibiotic toleranceresuscitationhost immune systemInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENVirulence, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 2721-2749 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence in vitro stress models tuberculosis biomarkers therapeutic approaches antibiotic tolerance resuscitation host immune system Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence in vitro stress models tuberculosis biomarkers therapeutic approaches antibiotic tolerance resuscitation host immune system Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Hemant Joshi Divya Kandari Rakesh Bhatnagar Insights into the molecular determinants involved in Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence and their therapeutic implications
description	The establishment of persistent infections and the reactivation of persistent bacteria to active bacilli are the two hurdles in effective tuberculosis treatment. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, an etiologic tuberculosis agent, adapts to numerous antibiotics and resists the host immune system causing a disease of public health concern. Extensive research has been employed to combat this disease due to its sheer ability to persist in the host system, undetected, waiting for the opportunity to declare itself. Persisters are a bacterial subpopulation that possesses transient tolerance to high doses of antibiotics. There are certain inherent mechanisms that facilitate the persister cell formation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, some of those had been characterized in the past namely, stringent response, transcriptional regulators, energy production pathways, lipid metabolism, cell wall remodeling enzymes, phosphate metabolism, and proteasome protein degradation. This article reviews the recent advancements made in various in vitro persistence models that assist to unravel the mechanisms involved in the persister cell formation and to hunt for the possible preventive or treatment measures. To tackle the persister population the immunodominant proteins that express specifically at the latent phase of infection can be used for diagnosis to distinguish between the active and latent tuberculosis, as well as to select potential drug or vaccine candidates. In addition, we discuss the genes engaged in the persistence to get more insights into resuscitation and persister cell formation. The in-depth understanding of persistent cells of mycobacteria can certainly unravel novel ways to target the pathogen and tackle its persistence.
format	article
author	Hemant Joshi Divya Kandari Rakesh Bhatnagar
author_facet	Hemant Joshi Divya Kandari Rakesh Bhatnagar
author_sort	Hemant Joshi
title	Insights into the molecular determinants involved in Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence and their therapeutic implications
title_short	Insights into the molecular determinants involved in Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence and their therapeutic implications
title_full	Insights into the molecular determinants involved in Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence and their therapeutic implications
title_fullStr	Insights into the molecular determinants involved in Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence and their therapeutic implications
title_full_unstemmed	Insights into the molecular determinants involved in Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence and their therapeutic implications
title_sort	insights into the molecular determinants involved in mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence and their therapeutic implications
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/50bf9acebbc441e5bded216490069411
work_keys_str_mv	AT hemantjoshi insightsintothemoleculardeterminantsinvolvedinmycobacteriumtuberculosispersistenceandtheirtherapeuticimplications AT divyakandari insightsintothemoleculardeterminantsinvolvedinmycobacteriumtuberculosispersistenceandtheirtherapeuticimplications AT rakeshbhatnagar insightsintothemoleculardeterminantsinvolvedinmycobacteriumtuberculosispersistenceandtheirtherapeuticimplications
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Insights into the molecular determinants involved in Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence and their therapeutic implications

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