HIV-1 transmitting couples have similar viral load set-points in Rakai, Uganda.

It has been hypothesized that HIV-1 viral load set-point is a surrogate measure of HIV-1 viral virulence, and that it may be subject to natural selection in the human host population. A key test of this hypothesis is whether viral load set-points are correlated between transmitting individuals and t...

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Autores principales:	T Déirdre Hollingsworth, Oliver Laeyendecker, George Shirreff, Christl A Donnelly, David Serwadda, Maria J Wawer, Noah Kiwanuka, Fred Nalugoda, Aleisha Collinson-Streng, Victor Ssempijja, William P Hanage, Thomas C Quinn, Ronald H Gray, Christophe Fraser
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2010
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/50d9a2ba0e6b487197d5c84c59ede641
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:50d9a2ba0e6b487197d5c84c59ede6412021-12-02T20:00:43ZHIV-1 transmitting couples have similar viral load set-points in Rakai, Uganda.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.1000876https://doaj.org/article/50d9a2ba0e6b487197d5c84c59ede6412010-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/20463808/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374It has been hypothesized that HIV-1 viral load set-point is a surrogate measure of HIV-1 viral virulence, and that it may be subject to natural selection in the human host population. A key test of this hypothesis is whether viral load set-points are correlated between transmitting individuals and those acquiring infection. We retrospectively identified 112 heterosexual HIV-discordant couples enrolled in a cohort in Rakai, Uganda, in which HIV transmission was suspected and viral load set-point was established. In addition, sequence data was available to establish transmission by genetic linkage for 57 of these couples. Sex, age, viral subtype, index partner, and self-reported genital ulcer disease status (GUD) were known. Using ANOVA, we estimated the proportion of variance in viral load set-points which was explained by the similarity within couples (the 'couple effect'). Individuals with suspected intra-couple transmission (97 couples) had similar viral load set-points (p = 0.054 single factor model, p = 0.0057 adjusted) and the couple effect explained 16% of variance in viral loads (23% adjusted). The analysis was repeated for a subset of 29 couples with strong genetic support for transmission. The couple effect was the major determinant of viral load set-point (p = 0.067 single factor, and p = 0.036 adjusted) and the size of the effect was 27% (37% adjusted). Individuals within epidemiologically linked couples with genetic support for transmission had similar viral load set-points. The most parsimonious explanation is that this is due to shared characteristics of the transmitted virus, a finding which sheds light on both the role of viral factors in HIV-1 pathogenesis and on the evolution of the virus.T Déirdre HollingsworthOliver LaeyendeckerGeorge ShirreffChristl A DonnellyDavid SerwaddaMaria J WawerNoah KiwanukaFred NalugodaAleisha Collinson-StrengVictor SsempijjaWilliam P HanageThomas C QuinnRonald H GrayChristophe FraserPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 6, Iss 5, p e1000876 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 T Déirdre Hollingsworth Oliver Laeyendecker George Shirreff Christl A Donnelly David Serwadda Maria J Wawer Noah Kiwanuka Fred Nalugoda Aleisha Collinson-Streng Victor Ssempijja William P Hanage Thomas C Quinn Ronald H Gray Christophe Fraser HIV-1 transmitting couples have similar viral load set-points in Rakai, Uganda.
description	It has been hypothesized that HIV-1 viral load set-point is a surrogate measure of HIV-1 viral virulence, and that it may be subject to natural selection in the human host population. A key test of this hypothesis is whether viral load set-points are correlated between transmitting individuals and those acquiring infection. We retrospectively identified 112 heterosexual HIV-discordant couples enrolled in a cohort in Rakai, Uganda, in which HIV transmission was suspected and viral load set-point was established. In addition, sequence data was available to establish transmission by genetic linkage for 57 of these couples. Sex, age, viral subtype, index partner, and self-reported genital ulcer disease status (GUD) were known. Using ANOVA, we estimated the proportion of variance in viral load set-points which was explained by the similarity within couples (the 'couple effect'). Individuals with suspected intra-couple transmission (97 couples) had similar viral load set-points (p = 0.054 single factor model, p = 0.0057 adjusted) and the couple effect explained 16% of variance in viral loads (23% adjusted). The analysis was repeated for a subset of 29 couples with strong genetic support for transmission. The couple effect was the major determinant of viral load set-point (p = 0.067 single factor, and p = 0.036 adjusted) and the size of the effect was 27% (37% adjusted). Individuals within epidemiologically linked couples with genetic support for transmission had similar viral load set-points. The most parsimonious explanation is that this is due to shared characteristics of the transmitted virus, a finding which sheds light on both the role of viral factors in HIV-1 pathogenesis and on the evolution of the virus.
format	article
author	T Déirdre Hollingsworth Oliver Laeyendecker George Shirreff Christl A Donnelly David Serwadda Maria J Wawer Noah Kiwanuka Fred Nalugoda Aleisha Collinson-Streng Victor Ssempijja William P Hanage Thomas C Quinn Ronald H Gray Christophe Fraser
author_facet	T Déirdre Hollingsworth Oliver Laeyendecker George Shirreff Christl A Donnelly David Serwadda Maria J Wawer Noah Kiwanuka Fred Nalugoda Aleisha Collinson-Streng Victor Ssempijja William P Hanage Thomas C Quinn Ronald H Gray Christophe Fraser
author_sort	T Déirdre Hollingsworth
title	HIV-1 transmitting couples have similar viral load set-points in Rakai, Uganda.
title_short	HIV-1 transmitting couples have similar viral load set-points in Rakai, Uganda.
title_full	HIV-1 transmitting couples have similar viral load set-points in Rakai, Uganda.
title_fullStr	HIV-1 transmitting couples have similar viral load set-points in Rakai, Uganda.
title_full_unstemmed	HIV-1 transmitting couples have similar viral load set-points in Rakai, Uganda.
title_sort	hiv-1 transmitting couples have similar viral load set-points in rakai, uganda.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/50d9a2ba0e6b487197d5c84c59ede641
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HIV-1 transmitting couples have similar viral load set-points in Rakai, Uganda.

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