Identifying Appropriate Locations for the Accelerated Weathering of Limestone to Reduce CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions
The reduction in CO<sub>2</sub> emissions is a major task for the coming decades. Accelerated weathering of limestone (AWL) can be used to capture CO<sub>2</sub> from effluent gas streams and store it as bicarbonate in marine environments. We give an overview of the fundament...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/50fa618d2a5e40e6a56124101f72fe5d |
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| Sumario: | The reduction in CO<sub>2</sub> emissions is a major task for the coming decades. Accelerated weathering of limestone (AWL) can be used to capture CO<sub>2</sub> from effluent gas streams and store it as bicarbonate in marine environments. We give an overview of the fundamental aspects of AWL, including associated CO<sub>2</sub> emissions during the operation of AWL, characteristics of the accumulating bicarbonate-rich product water, and factors influencing the outgassing of CO<sub>2</sub> from the ocean back into the atmosphere. Based on these aspects, we identify locations where AWL could be carried out favorably. The energy demand for AWL reduces the theoretical CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration potential, for example, by only 5% in the case of a 100 km transport of limestone on roads. AWL-derived product water is characterized by high alkalinity but low pH values and, once in contact with the atmosphere, passive outgassing of CO<sub>2</sub> from AWL-derived water occurs. This process is mainly driven by the difference between the fCO<sub>2</sub> in the atmosphere and the oceanic surface layer, as well as the sea surface temperature at the discharge site. Promising sites for AWL may be in Florida or around the Mediterranean Sea, where outgassing could be prevented by injections into deep water layers. |
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