Identifying Appropriate Locations for the Accelerated Weathering of Limestone to Reduce CO2 Emissions

The reduction in CO2 emissions is a major task for the coming decades. Accelerated weathering of limestone (AWL) can be used to capture CO2 from effluent gas streams and store it as bicarbonate in marine environments. We give an overview of the fundament...

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Autores principales:	Julia S. Kirchner, Karsten A. Lettmann, Bernhard Schnetger, Jörg-Olaf Wolff, Hans-Jürgen Brumsack
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	carbon capture and usage CCS geoengineering CO<sub>2</sub> emission reduction Mineralogy QE351-399.2
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/50fa618d2a5e40e6a56124101f72fe5d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:50fa618d2a5e40e6a56124101f72fe5d2021-11-25T18:26:40ZIdentifying Appropriate Locations for the Accelerated Weathering of Limestone to Reduce CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions10.3390/min111112612075-163Xhttps://doaj.org/article/50fa618d2a5e40e6a56124101f72fe5d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/11/1261https://doaj.org/toc/2075-163XThe reduction in CO<sub>2</sub> emissions is a major task for the coming decades. Accelerated weathering of limestone (AWL) can be used to capture CO<sub>2</sub> from effluent gas streams and store it as bicarbonate in marine environments. We give an overview of the fundamental aspects of AWL, including associated CO<sub>2</sub> emissions during the operation of AWL, characteristics of the accumulating bicarbonate-rich product water, and factors influencing the outgassing of CO<sub>2</sub> from the ocean back into the atmosphere. Based on these aspects, we identify locations where AWL could be carried out favorably. The energy demand for AWL reduces the theoretical CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration potential, for example, by only 5% in the case of a 100 km transport of limestone on roads. AWL-derived product water is characterized by high alkalinity but low pH values and, once in contact with the atmosphere, passive outgassing of CO<sub>2</sub> from AWL-derived water occurs. This process is mainly driven by the difference between the fCO<sub>2</sub> in the atmosphere and the oceanic surface layer, as well as the sea surface temperature at the discharge site. Promising sites for AWL may be in Florida or around the Mediterranean Sea, where outgassing could be prevented by injections into deep water layers.Julia S. KirchnerKarsten A. LettmannBernhard SchnetgerJörg-Olaf WolffHans-Jürgen BrumsackMDPI AGarticlecarbon capture and usageCCSgeoengineeringCO<sub>2</sub> emission reductionMineralogyQE351-399.2ENMinerals, Vol 11, Iss 1261, p 1261 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	carbon capture and usage CCS geoengineering CO<sub>2</sub> emission reduction Mineralogy QE351-399.2
spellingShingle	carbon capture and usage CCS geoengineering CO<sub>2</sub> emission reduction Mineralogy QE351-399.2 Julia S. Kirchner Karsten A. Lettmann Bernhard Schnetger Jörg-Olaf Wolff Hans-Jürgen Brumsack Identifying Appropriate Locations for the Accelerated Weathering of Limestone to Reduce CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions
description	The reduction in CO<sub>2</sub> emissions is a major task for the coming decades. Accelerated weathering of limestone (AWL) can be used to capture CO<sub>2</sub> from effluent gas streams and store it as bicarbonate in marine environments. We give an overview of the fundamental aspects of AWL, including associated CO<sub>2</sub> emissions during the operation of AWL, characteristics of the accumulating bicarbonate-rich product water, and factors influencing the outgassing of CO<sub>2</sub> from the ocean back into the atmosphere. Based on these aspects, we identify locations where AWL could be carried out favorably. The energy demand for AWL reduces the theoretical CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration potential, for example, by only 5% in the case of a 100 km transport of limestone on roads. AWL-derived product water is characterized by high alkalinity but low pH values and, once in contact with the atmosphere, passive outgassing of CO<sub>2</sub> from AWL-derived water occurs. This process is mainly driven by the difference between the fCO<sub>2</sub> in the atmosphere and the oceanic surface layer, as well as the sea surface temperature at the discharge site. Promising sites for AWL may be in Florida or around the Mediterranean Sea, where outgassing could be prevented by injections into deep water layers.
format	article
author	Julia S. Kirchner Karsten A. Lettmann Bernhard Schnetger Jörg-Olaf Wolff Hans-Jürgen Brumsack
author_facet	Julia S. Kirchner Karsten A. Lettmann Bernhard Schnetger Jörg-Olaf Wolff Hans-Jürgen Brumsack
author_sort	Julia S. Kirchner
title	Identifying Appropriate Locations for the Accelerated Weathering of Limestone to Reduce CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions
title_short	Identifying Appropriate Locations for the Accelerated Weathering of Limestone to Reduce CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions
title_full	Identifying Appropriate Locations for the Accelerated Weathering of Limestone to Reduce CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions
title_fullStr	Identifying Appropriate Locations for the Accelerated Weathering of Limestone to Reduce CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions
title_full_unstemmed	Identifying Appropriate Locations for the Accelerated Weathering of Limestone to Reduce CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions
title_sort	identifying appropriate locations for the accelerated weathering of limestone to reduce co<sub>2</sub> emissions
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/50fa618d2a5e40e6a56124101f72fe5d
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Identifying Appropriate Locations for the Accelerated Weathering of Limestone to Reduce CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions

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