Variants of Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose and Their Distinct Effects on Neuronal Tissue

Based on oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC), several hemostyptic materials, such as Tabotamp®, Equicel® and Equitamp®, have been developed to approach challenging hemostasis in neurosurgery. The present study compares ORC that di...

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Autores principales:	Joshua Kleine, Sandra Leisz, Chalid Ghadban, Tim Hohmann, Julian Prell, Christian Scheller, Christian Strauss, Sebastian Simmermacher, Faramarz Dehghani
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	cellulose applications oxidized regenerated cellulose Tabotamp<sup>®</sup> Equicel<sup>®</sup> Equitamp<sup>®</sup> cell death Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/514ee2da2e9f4bb69115f266e879737d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:514ee2da2e9f4bb69115f266e879737d2021-11-11T16:56:01ZVariants of Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose and Their Distinct Effects on Neuronal Tissue10.3390/ijms2221114671422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/514ee2da2e9f4bb69115f266e879737d2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11467https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Based on oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC), several hemostyptic materials, such as Tabotamp<sup>®</sup>, Equicel<sup>®</sup> and Equitamp<sup>®</sup>, have been developed to approach challenging hemostasis in neurosurgery. The present study compares ORC that differ in terms of compositions and properties, regarding their structure, solubility, pH values and effects on neuronal tissue. Cytotoxicity was detected via DNA-binding fluorescence dye in Schwann cells, astrocytes, and neuronal cells. Additionally, organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSC) were analyzed, using propidium iodide, hematoxylin-eosin, and isolectin B<sub>4</sub> staining to investigate the cellular damage, cytoarchitecture, and microglia activation. Whereas Equicel<sup>®</sup> led to a neutral pH, Tabotamp<sup>®</sup> (pH 2.8) and Equitamp<sup>®</sup> (pH 4.8) caused a significant reduction of pH (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Equicel<sup>®</sup> and Tabotamp<sup>®</sup> increased cytotoxicity significantly in several cell lines (<i>p</i> < 0.01). On OHSC, Tabotamp<sup>®</sup> and Equicel<sup>®</sup> led to a stronger and deeper damage to the neuronal tissue than Equitamp<sup>®</sup> or gauze (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Equicel<sup>®</sup> increased strongly the number of microglia cells after 24 h (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Microglia cells were not detectable after Tabotamp<sup>®</sup> treatment, presumably due to an artifact caused by strong pH reduction. In summary, our data imply the use of Equicel<sup>®</sup>, Tabotamp<sup>®</sup> or Equitamp<sup>®</sup> for specific applications in distinct clinical settings depending on their localization or tissue properties.Joshua KleineSandra LeiszChalid GhadbanTim HohmannJulian PrellChristian SchellerChristian StraussSebastian SimmermacherFaramarz DehghaniMDPI AGarticlecellulose applicationsoxidized regenerated celluloseTabotamp<sup>®</sup>Equicel<sup>®</sup>Equitamp<sup>®</sup>cell deathBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11467, p 11467 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cellulose applications oxidized regenerated cellulose Tabotamp<sup>®</sup> Equicel<sup>®</sup> Equitamp<sup>®</sup> cell death Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	cellulose applications oxidized regenerated cellulose Tabotamp<sup>®</sup> Equicel<sup>®</sup> Equitamp<sup>®</sup> cell death Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Joshua Kleine Sandra Leisz Chalid Ghadban Tim Hohmann Julian Prell Christian Scheller Christian Strauss Sebastian Simmermacher Faramarz Dehghani Variants of Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose and Their Distinct Effects on Neuronal Tissue
description	Based on oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC), several hemostyptic materials, such as Tabotamp<sup>®</sup>, Equicel<sup>®</sup> and Equitamp<sup>®</sup>, have been developed to approach challenging hemostasis in neurosurgery. The present study compares ORC that differ in terms of compositions and properties, regarding their structure, solubility, pH values and effects on neuronal tissue. Cytotoxicity was detected via DNA-binding fluorescence dye in Schwann cells, astrocytes, and neuronal cells. Additionally, organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSC) were analyzed, using propidium iodide, hematoxylin-eosin, and isolectin B<sub>4</sub> staining to investigate the cellular damage, cytoarchitecture, and microglia activation. Whereas Equicel<sup>®</sup> led to a neutral pH, Tabotamp<sup>®</sup> (pH 2.8) and Equitamp<sup>®</sup> (pH 4.8) caused a significant reduction of pH (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Equicel<sup>®</sup> and Tabotamp<sup>®</sup> increased cytotoxicity significantly in several cell lines (<i>p</i> < 0.01). On OHSC, Tabotamp<sup>®</sup> and Equicel<sup>®</sup> led to a stronger and deeper damage to the neuronal tissue than Equitamp<sup>®</sup> or gauze (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Equicel<sup>®</sup> increased strongly the number of microglia cells after 24 h (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Microglia cells were not detectable after Tabotamp<sup>®</sup> treatment, presumably due to an artifact caused by strong pH reduction. In summary, our data imply the use of Equicel<sup>®</sup>, Tabotamp<sup>®</sup> or Equitamp<sup>®</sup> for specific applications in distinct clinical settings depending on their localization or tissue properties.
format	article
author	Joshua Kleine Sandra Leisz Chalid Ghadban Tim Hohmann Julian Prell Christian Scheller Christian Strauss Sebastian Simmermacher Faramarz Dehghani
author_facet	Joshua Kleine Sandra Leisz Chalid Ghadban Tim Hohmann Julian Prell Christian Scheller Christian Strauss Sebastian Simmermacher Faramarz Dehghani
author_sort	Joshua Kleine
title	Variants of Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose and Their Distinct Effects on Neuronal Tissue
title_short	Variants of Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose and Their Distinct Effects on Neuronal Tissue
title_full	Variants of Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose and Their Distinct Effects on Neuronal Tissue
title_fullStr	Variants of Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose and Their Distinct Effects on Neuronal Tissue
title_full_unstemmed	Variants of Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose and Their Distinct Effects on Neuronal Tissue
title_sort	variants of oxidized regenerated cellulose and their distinct effects on neuronal tissue
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/514ee2da2e9f4bb69115f266e879737d
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Variants of Oxidized Regenerated Cellulose and Their Distinct Effects on Neuronal Tissue

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