Alexithymia and facial emotion recognition in patients with craniofacial pain and association of alexithymia with anxiety and depression: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Background We aimed to determine the presence of alexithymia in patients with craniofacial pain (CFP) compared with asymptomatic individuals. Our secondary aims were to assess the relationship of alexithymia with anxiety and depression levels, as well as to assess the presence of facial emotion reco...

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Autores principales:	Roy La Touche, Alberto García-Salgado, Ferran Cuenca-Martínez, Santiago Angulo-Díaz-Parreño, Alba Paris-Alemany, Luis Suso-Martí, Aida Herranz-Gómez
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	PeerJ Inc. 2021
Materias:	Alexithymia Craniofacial pain Facial emotion recognition Temporomandibular disorders Depression Anxiety Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/51631d9bca8d4e46b47c1fabb8419571
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:51631d9bca8d4e46b47c1fabb84195712021-12-01T15:05:14ZAlexithymia and facial emotion recognition in patients with craniofacial pain and association of alexithymia with anxiety and depression: a systematic review with meta-analysis10.7717/peerj.125452167-8359https://doaj.org/article/51631d9bca8d4e46b47c1fabb84195712021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://peerj.com/articles/12545.pdfhttps://peerj.com/articles/12545/https://doaj.org/toc/2167-8359Background We aimed to determine the presence of alexithymia in patients with craniofacial pain (CFP) compared with asymptomatic individuals. Our secondary aims were to assess the relationship of alexithymia with anxiety and depression levels, as well as to assess the presence of facial emotion recognition deficit. Methods Medline, Scielo and Google Scholar were searched, with the last search performed in 8 September 2021. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% CIs were calculated for relevant outcomes and were pooled in a meta-analysis using the random effects model. In addition, meta-analyses of correlations and a meta-regression of alexithymia with depression and anxiety were performed. Results Regarding alexithymia, assessed through the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), the results showed significant differences, with higher values in patients compared with asymptomatic individuals, with a large clinical effect (SMD 0.46; 95% CI [0.22–0.71]; heterogeneity-Q 66.86; p < 0.001; inconsistency (I2) = 81%). We found statistically significant correlations with a small clinical effect of alexithymia with anxiety and depression. The meta-regression showed no significant association between the TAS and anxiety or depression. With respect to facial emotion recognition, the results showed statistically significant differences, with greater recognition difficulty in patients compared with asymptomatic individuals, with a large clinical effect (SMD −1.17; 95% CI [−2.01 to −0.33]; heterogeneity-Q 2.97; p = 0.080; I2 = 66%). Conclusions Patients with CFP showed alexithymia with moderate evidence. There was also moderate evidence indicating that these patients had significant deficits in facial emotion recognition compared with asymptomatic individuals. Furthermore, alexithymia showed statistically significant correlations with anxiety and depression levels.Roy La ToucheAlberto García-SalgadoFerran Cuenca-MartínezSantiago Angulo-Díaz-ParreñoAlba Paris-AlemanyLuis Suso-MartíAida Herranz-GómezPeerJ Inc.articleAlexithymiaCraniofacial painFacial emotion recognitionTemporomandibular disordersDepressionAnxietyMedicineRENPeerJ, Vol 9, p e12545 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Alexithymia Craniofacial pain Facial emotion recognition Temporomandibular disorders Depression Anxiety Medicine R
spellingShingle	Alexithymia Craniofacial pain Facial emotion recognition Temporomandibular disorders Depression Anxiety Medicine R Roy La Touche Alberto García-Salgado Ferran Cuenca-Martínez Santiago Angulo-Díaz-Parreño Alba Paris-Alemany Luis Suso-Martí Aida Herranz-Gómez Alexithymia and facial emotion recognition in patients with craniofacial pain and association of alexithymia with anxiety and depression: a systematic review with meta-analysis
description	Background We aimed to determine the presence of alexithymia in patients with craniofacial pain (CFP) compared with asymptomatic individuals. Our secondary aims were to assess the relationship of alexithymia with anxiety and depression levels, as well as to assess the presence of facial emotion recognition deficit. Methods Medline, Scielo and Google Scholar were searched, with the last search performed in 8 September 2021. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% CIs were calculated for relevant outcomes and were pooled in a meta-analysis using the random effects model. In addition, meta-analyses of correlations and a meta-regression of alexithymia with depression and anxiety were performed. Results Regarding alexithymia, assessed through the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), the results showed significant differences, with higher values in patients compared with asymptomatic individuals, with a large clinical effect (SMD 0.46; 95% CI [0.22–0.71]; heterogeneity-Q 66.86; p < 0.001; inconsistency (I2) = 81%). We found statistically significant correlations with a small clinical effect of alexithymia with anxiety and depression. The meta-regression showed no significant association between the TAS and anxiety or depression. With respect to facial emotion recognition, the results showed statistically significant differences, with greater recognition difficulty in patients compared with asymptomatic individuals, with a large clinical effect (SMD −1.17; 95% CI [−2.01 to −0.33]; heterogeneity-Q 2.97; p = 0.080; I2 = 66%). Conclusions Patients with CFP showed alexithymia with moderate evidence. There was also moderate evidence indicating that these patients had significant deficits in facial emotion recognition compared with asymptomatic individuals. Furthermore, alexithymia showed statistically significant correlations with anxiety and depression levels.
format	article
author	Roy La Touche Alberto García-Salgado Ferran Cuenca-Martínez Santiago Angulo-Díaz-Parreño Alba Paris-Alemany Luis Suso-Martí Aida Herranz-Gómez
author_facet	Roy La Touche Alberto García-Salgado Ferran Cuenca-Martínez Santiago Angulo-Díaz-Parreño Alba Paris-Alemany Luis Suso-Martí Aida Herranz-Gómez
author_sort	Roy La Touche
title	Alexithymia and facial emotion recognition in patients with craniofacial pain and association of alexithymia with anxiety and depression: a systematic review with meta-analysis
title_short	Alexithymia and facial emotion recognition in patients with craniofacial pain and association of alexithymia with anxiety and depression: a systematic review with meta-analysis
title_full	Alexithymia and facial emotion recognition in patients with craniofacial pain and association of alexithymia with anxiety and depression: a systematic review with meta-analysis
title_fullStr	Alexithymia and facial emotion recognition in patients with craniofacial pain and association of alexithymia with anxiety and depression: a systematic review with meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Alexithymia and facial emotion recognition in patients with craniofacial pain and association of alexithymia with anxiety and depression: a systematic review with meta-analysis
title_sort	alexithymia and facial emotion recognition in patients with craniofacial pain and association of alexithymia with anxiety and depression: a systematic review with meta-analysis
publisher	PeerJ Inc.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/51631d9bca8d4e46b47c1fabb8419571
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Alexithymia and facial emotion recognition in patients with craniofacial pain and association of alexithymia with anxiety and depression: a systematic review with meta-analysis

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